scholarly journals A serological survey of canine leptospirosis in the city of Belgrade, Serbia

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Dragica Vojinovic ◽  
Jadranka Zutic ◽  
Ana Vasic ◽  
Slobodan Stanojevic ◽  
Ljiljana Spalevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
The City ◽  
Sera Samples

Canine leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Leptospira. Dogs are one of the animal species involved in the cycle of preservation and transmission of leptospirosis in urban areas. Serological testing for the presence of specific antibodies against Leptospira spp. in dogs was continuously performed between 2010 and 2020 in the city of Belgrade. At the request of the owners themselves, other veterinary laboratories or laboratory clinics, 179 blood sera from 179 dogs were examined in the Laboratory for Immunology, Scientific Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia. Blood sera samples from dogs were examined using the standard microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the presence of specific antibodies against seven different serovars of Leptospira: Pomona, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa, Sejroe, Canicola, Bataviae, and Australis. The number of seropositive dogs was 17/179 (9.5%). Among all examined sera, the highest titre of seropositive samples was to serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae (10/17, 58.8%), followed by Pomona (4/17, 23.5%), and serovar Canicola (3/17, 17.6%). Specific antibodies for serovars Grippotyphosa, Sejroe, Bataviae and Australis were not detected in any of the dog sera. Cross-reaction (the presence of two or three titres with different values where one of them was higher than others) between different serovars was diagnosed in a low number of sera (n=4), with the following serovars: Icterohaemorrhagiae and Pomona (n=3) and Pomona and Canicola (n=1). The confirmed specific antibody titres for Leptospira spp. were between 1:100 to 1:3000 (5 sera had titres of 1:100, 7 had titres of 1:300, 4 had titres of 1:1000, and 1 serum had a titre 1:3000). Monitoring canine leptospirosis is a useful tool in preventing leptospirosis in Belgrade.

scholarly journals Leptospira infection among human-close-contact animals in different geographical areas in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110317
Author(s):  
Le Thi Phuong Mai ◽  
Luu Phuong Dung ◽  
Phan Dang Than ◽  
Tran Van Dinh ◽  
Nguyen Tu Quyet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
The Status ◽  
Species Variability

Leptospirosis is a neglected disease in Vietnam. Only a few studies have evaluated the status of Leptospira infection in both humans and animals. To our knowledge, this is the first serological survey of Leptospira in both domestic and wild animals, which may act as reservoirs of this agent. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of Leptospira in animals that are in close contact with humans in different geographical areas in Vietnam. Sera were collected from 1205 individual animals of six species, including buffaloes, cattle, cats, dogs, swine, and rats. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 25 serovars of Leptospira spp. has been employed to detect serovars of Leptospira among the studied population. Overall, 44.2% of buffaloes, 24.9% of cattle, 10.2% of swine, 32.9% of dogs, 12.2% of cats, and 16% of rats were seropositive. A total of 17 different serovars were detected, of which serovars Hebdomadis and Canicola circulated in all the studied animal species. Variability of the predominant serovars circulating in animal species and in different geographical areas of Vietnam has been noted. We conclude that this study showed a high prevalence of Leptospira circulating in animals that are in close contact with humans, raising an alert of the important sources of pathogenic leptospires transmission to humans in Vietnam. These findings prove an imperative need for effective measures for disease prevention.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp in cattle from Monte Negro municipality, western Amazon

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Aguiar ◽  
Solange M. Gennari ◽  
Guacyara T. Cavalcante ◽  
Marcelo B. Labruna ◽  
Silvio A. Vasconcellos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Leptospira Serovars ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Female Cattle ◽  
Sera Samples

The prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp antibodies was investigated in 2,109 female cattle from 86 herds of Monte Negro municipality, Rondônia, Brazil. Sera samples were evaluated by Microscopic Agglutination Test against 24 leptospira serovars. Titers =100 for at least one of 24 leptospira serovars were detected in 1,114 cows (52.8%) from 82 (95.3%) herds. The adjusted overall prevalence for Monte Negro municipality was 53.9% (49-58.7%; CI: 95%). The most prevalent serovars were Hardjo (14.5%), Wolffi (12.3%), Shermani (10.8%), Patoc (7.9%), and Hebdomadis (6.1%). Other serovars worldwidely reported like Bratislava, Pomona and Grippotyphosa were detected in low levels.

scholarly journals Serological survey of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) at the Curitiba Zoo, southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
Vivien M. Morikawa ◽  
Cristina K. Zimpel ◽  
Igor A.D. Paploski ◽  
Mariana Kikuti ◽  
Vanessa Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Ammotragus Lervia ◽  
Barbary Sheep ◽  
Leptospira Spp

ABSTRACT: Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis, affecting humans, domestic and wild animals. The present study aimed to evaluate prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in Barbary sheep at the Curitiba zoo. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was performed using 17 serogroups. Antibodies against Leptospira spp. were observed in 23.5% samples and Icterohaemorrhagiae was the only prevalent serogroup. The presence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in Barbary sheep indicates exposure to leptospires; thus monitoring and preventive measures are necessary in zoo’s captive animals, since they can act as sentinels of environmental exposure in an area with high movement of people.

scholarly journals Anti-Leptospira spp antibodies in cart horses of the city of Guaíba, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Elisa de Menezes Teixeira ◽  
Rogerio Oliveira Rodrigues ◽  
Veronica Bueno da Rosa ◽  
Angélica Cavalheiro Bertagnolli
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Source Type ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The City

The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies against Leptospira spp in horses used by communities of informal waste collectors who use horse-drawn cartsin Guaíba, Rio Grande do Sul. Additionally, interviews were conducted with owners to assess the characteristics of the horses, their environment, and work. Serological testing for Leptospira spp. was performed on blood samples collected from 54 horses using the microscopic agglutination test. Results showed that 50.0% of the horses were seropositive for Leptospira spp and the most frequent serogroup was LeptospiraCanicola (88. 8%), followed by Leptospira Pyrogenes (11.1%), Leptospira Bataviae (7.4%), Leptospira Hebdomadis (7.4%), Leptospira Icterohaemorrhagiae (3.7%), Leptospira Australis (3.7%), Leptospira Pomona (3.7%) and Leptospira Copenhageni (3.7%). There were no statistically significant associations between seropositivity for Leptospira spp and age, gender, body score, water source, type of food storage, cohabitation with dogs, rodent infestation, residential flooding, and waste removal services. The prevalence of the Canicola serogroup, as well as a large number of dogs in close relationship with thehorses and the waste collectors, draws attention to the potential of these animals to become a source of Leptospira spp. infection in humans and other animals.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of equine seroreagent to Leptospira spp. in Northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. e162784
Author(s):  
Davidianne De Andrade Morais ◽  
Camila De Sousa Bezerra ◽  
Denize Monteiro dos Anjos ◽  
Bruno Cesar Nunes ◽  
Denise Batista Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Infection Prophylaxis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Rodent Control ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
High Degree

Considering the importance of leptospirosis in both equine husbandry and public health, as well as the relevance of knowledge of current serogroup and the small number of studies addressing this disease in equines in Northeastern Brazil, the present study performed a serological survey of Leptospira spp. in a serum bank of 1,267 equines originating from 177 municipalities, located in four states in Northeastern Brazil: Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba and Pernambuco. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was used for diagnosis of leptospirosis using 24 serovars as antigens. The frequency of reagent equines was 29.7% (376/1,267), and 68.9% (122/177) of municipalities had at least one positive reaction. The serogroups reagent were Australis (37.2%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (29.3%), Tarassovi (9.6%), Sejroe (5.8%), Pomona (5.3%), Grippotyphosa (4.5%), Pyrogenes (2.4%), Bataviae (1.9%), Ballum and Hebdomadis (1.3%), Mini (0.5%), Celledoni, Shermani, and Javanica (0.3% each). There were significant statistical differences regarding sex and age, with a higher frequency in females (P= 0.014), and in animals ≥ 6 years (P=0.001). We concluded that seropositivity to Leptospira spp. is high in equines in Northeastern Brazil, with a predominance of serologic reactions to the Australis serogroup in the border areas between the states, and the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup in coastal areas or their vicinity. The high degree of seropositivity found points to the need to implement prophylactic strategies, both intraspecies infection prophylaxis and rodent control. We also recommended avoiding animal crowding and separating animals according to sex and age group during handling.

scholarly journals Leptospirosis in free-living capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) from a university campus in the city of Araras in São Paulo, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Daniela Dib Gonçalves ◽  
Karoline Franciane Cardoso Lopes ◽  
Roberta Torres Chiderolli ◽  
Bruno Rodrigues Sampieri ◽  
Vlamir José Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
The City ◽  
Hydrochaeris Hydrochaeris

The capybara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris L. 1766) is the largest existing rodent in the world. This animal species, being synanthropic, may serve as a transmitter of different diseases and parasitic infections in animals and humans as well. Leptospirosis is a cosmopolitan infectious disease with a high prevalence in tropical and subtropical regions that can affect humans and other domestic and wild animals. Due to the absence of regional data and the importance of this animal species in transmitting diseases to animals and humans, the aim of this study was to analyze DNA and anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in free-living capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) from a university campus in the city of Araras in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 31 capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) were captured for collecting their blood samples. The collected sera were analyzed using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). For the detection of Leptospira spp. DNA, the serum samples were used to extract genomic DNA for the nested-PCR analysis. Out of the 31 serum samples, 29 (93.55%) were reactive for MAT, with titers ranging from 25 to 400. The antibody could be identified against the most probable serovar in 26 (89.65%) samples, namely: Grippotyphosa (69.23%), Autumnalis (26.92%), and Bratislava (3.85%). Presence of Leptospira via nested-PCR was found only in 3.22% of serum samples. This study revealed the presence of DNA and anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in free-living capybara. Characterization of these animals as possible carriers and disseminators of the etiological agent in the environment is necessary for identification of infection in other animals and campus visitors.

scholarly journals Plague surveillance in Brazil: 1983 - 1992

1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alzira Maria Paiva de Almeida ◽  
Nilma Cintra Leal ◽  
Francisco Gomes de Carvalho ◽  
José Dantas Sobrinho ◽  
Célio Rodrigues de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Passive Hemagglutination ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Nationwide Surveillance ◽  
Inhibition Control ◽  
Domestic Carnivores ◽  
Sera Samples

Plague caused by Yersinia pestis, has persisted in Brazil in several natural foci spread throughout rural areas in the States of Ceara, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio Grande do Norte, Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro. Nationwide surveillance of plague in Brazil based on serological testing started in 1983. We now present an update report of the examinations carried out in our laboratory from 1983 to 1992. The passive hemagglutination test for antibodies against fraction 1A antigen of Y. pestis and the passive hemagglutination inhibition control were employed for testing a total of 220,769 sera. Samples analyzed included 2,856 sera from clinically diagnosed plague cases or suspects, 49,848 sera from rodents of 24 species and 2 species of small wild carnivores (marsupials), 122,890 sera from dogs, and 45,175 sera from cats. Specific antibodies were found in 92 (3.22%) human sera; 143 (0.29%) sera from rodents of 8 species and from the two species of marsupials, 1,105 (0.90%) sera from dogs and 290 (0.64%) sera from cats. The presence of significant levels of specific anti-F1A antibodies among rodents and wild or domestic carnivores (dogs and cats) indicates that all the Brazilian plague foci remain active in spite of the absence of human cases in some of them.

scholarly journals Identification of antibodies to Leptospira spp. in the spot-legged turtle (Rhinoclemmys punctularia) maintained in captivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3763
Author(s):  
Katarine de Souza Rocha ◽  
Ianny Watuzy Monteiro Baia ◽  
Louysse Helene Monteiro ◽  
Juliana Maria Santos Miranda ◽  
Thamillys Rayssa Marques Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Water Tanks

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of worldwide distribution in which the agent can infect several animal species and accidentally humans. In view of the limited number of studies on anti-Leptospira antibodies in wild animal species, especially those living in aquatic environments, we sought in this study to investigate the presence of these antibodies in the spot-legged turtle (Rhinoclemmys punctularia) maintained in captivity in the Rodrigues Alves Botanical Garden–Amazon Zoobotanical Park, located in Belém, Pará State, Brazil. Serum samples were collected from 31 turtles, and identification of anti-Leptospira antibodies was performed using the microscopic agglutination test, using a collection of 31 live antigens which represent 19 serogroups of Leptospira. Among the analyzed samples, 54.83% (17/31) were observed to be reactive, and co-agglutination was detected in a further six samples which were not accounted for in the frequency of serogroups. The most frequently detected serogroups were Tarassovi 72.72% (8/11), Celledoni 18.18% (2/11), and Pomona 9.09% (1/11)], with titers ranging from 200 to 400, being this the first study to report infection of these serogroups in this species of chelonios. The animals were kept in water tanks, which probably favored the transport of the agent and allowed its transmission to the spot-legged turtle. We thus confirmed presence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in chelonians maintained in the Rodrigues Alves Botanical Garden.

scholarly journals Canine leptospirosis: an Overview of the City of Pelotas, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e5169108830
Author(s):  
Samuel Rodrigues Felix ◽  
Anelize de Oliveira Campello Felix ◽  
Karina Colonetti ◽  
Amilton Clair Pinto Seixas Neto ◽  
Mariana Teixeira Tillmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World Health ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

Leptospirosis is a disease of worldwide importance, both from a veterinarian and a public health point of view. Serological survey through the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the standard to diagnose and assess the disease´s distribution in a population.  Stray dogs are important urban reservoirs of leptospirosis and studies regarding their seroreactivity in Brazil are few and far apart. This work reports the seroreactivity of stray dogs to the most important serogroups in the Leptospira genus causing urban leptospirosis in dogs and humans in Pelotas, Brazil: Icterohaemorrhagiae and Canicola. All the animals used in this study were female stray dogs, no distinction regarding age or race was made. Blood samples were collected from 221 animals. The MAT was carried out according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). Of the 221 tested animals, 64 were positive for agglutinating antibodies, representing a prevalence of 29%. These results are in accordance with those reported for housed dogs in Pelotas in previous studies. This study represents an important epidemiological update for the leptospirosis scenario in southern Brazil. Furthermore, these reports will aid healthcare agents in controlling both canine and human leptospirosis in the region.

A Serological Survey on Erysipelas in Chickens by Growth Agglutination Test

2000 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 797-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Takahashi ◽  
M. Takagi ◽  
K. Yamamoto ◽  
M. Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Serological Survey
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