In GAAP We Trust: Examining How Trust Influences Nonprofessional Investor Decisions Under Rules-Based and Principles-Based Standards

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy J. Bailey ◽  
Kimberly M. Sawers
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Nonprofessional Investors ◽  
Investment Choices ◽  
A Company ◽  
Allocation Decisions

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate whether and how trust in our current, more rules-based financial reporting system and type of accounting standard affects nonprofessional investor decision making. In an experiment, 151 nonprofessional investors analyzed two companies that were economically identical except for a single underlying financial reporting difference that allowed one company to more positively report its financial results. By itself, the type of standard (rules-based, principles-based) did not affect investment choices or allocation decisions. However, when trust was considered, nonprofessional investors who are less trusting of our current financial reporting system chose to invest in a company with more positive financial results only when evaluating principles-based financial statements. Conversely, the type of standard did not affect investor decision making for nonprofessional investors who trust our current financial reporting system. These results have implications for standard setters as we move to a more principles-based accounting system. Data Availability: Available on request.

scholarly journals Effects of Increased Reporting Frequency on Nonprofessional Investors' Earnings Predictions

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence J. Pitre
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Nonprofessional Investors ◽  
Recency Effects ◽  
Primacy Effects ◽  
Reporting Frequency

ABSTRACT More frequent financial reporting has been a topic of debate for many years. However, little evidence exists about the possible effects of more frequent reporting on investors' decision making. Using a between-subjects experiment, this study analyzes how altering the timing or frequency of earnings reports—weekly, as opposed to quarterly, reports—affects the accuracy and dispersion of earnings predictions by nonprofessional investors. This is important, since regulators have identified nonprofessionals as a significant audience for financial reports. I hypothesize and find that more frequent reporting results in less accurate predictions and greater variance, particularly when a strong seasonal pattern exists. Finally, investors in the more-frequent reporting condition self-reported that they were more influenced by older historical data—suggesting primacy effects—while those in the less-frequent reporting condition self-reported that they were more influenced by the newer historical data, suggesting recency effects. Data Availability: Data are available from the author on request.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH ASPEK KEPERILAKUAN TERHADAP SISTEM AKUNTANSI (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. SINAR GALESONG PRIMA DI MANADO)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulan Mogontha ◽  
Grace B. Nangoi ◽  
Natalia Gerungai
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Behavioral Accounting ◽  
Trading Company ◽  
Behavioral Aspect ◽  
The Future ◽  
A Company

Accounting is information or, to be specific, accounting system. Accounting  System has important role in a company where the success of an accounting system depends on the human behavior as respond giving user. Therefore, there should be a necessary consideration regarding behavioral aspect in running an accounting system whereas be behavioral accounting is focusing on accountant’s and auditor’s decision making wether the system is run according to the company’s procedure and their objective as well. This research is aimed to analize the effect of behavioral aspect on accounting system run by PT Sinar Galesong Prima in Manado as a trading company. The method of analysis applied is multiple linear regression. The result of the conducted research shows that behavioral aspect (Attitude, Motivation, Perseption, Emotion) is not significantly affected the accounting system run by the company. It is expected that the company would give more concern, particularly to the behavioral aspect in applying the existing system so that in the future, the accounting system in the company could run effectively and efficiently according to the company’s objective.Keywords : Accounting System, Behavioral Accounting, Attitude, Motivation, Perpseption, Emotion.

Impairment reversals: unbiased reporting or earnings management

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongyu Cao ◽  
Hasnah Shaari ◽  
Ray Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Financial Accounting Standards Board ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Support ◽  
A Company

Purpose This paper aims to provide evidence that will inform the convergence debate regarding accounting standards. The authors assess the ability of impairment reversals allowed under International Accounting Standard 36 but disallowed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to provide useful information about a company. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a sample of 182 Malaysian firms that reversed impairment charges and a matched sample of firms which chose not to reverse their impairments. Further analysis examines if reversing an impairment charge is associated with motivations for and evidence of earnings management. Findings The authors find no evidence that the reversal of an impairment charge marks a company out as managing contemporaneous earnings. However, they document evidence that firms with high levels of abnormal accruals and weak corporate governance avoid earnings decline by reversing previously recognized impairments. In addition, companies that have engaged in big baths as evidenced by high accumulated impairment balances and prior changes in top management, use impairment reversals to avoid earnings declines. Research limitations/implications The results of this study support both the informative and opportunistic hypotheses of impairment reversal reporting using Financial Reporting Standard 136. Practical implications The results also demonstrate how companies that use impairment reversals opportunistically can be identified. Originality/value The results support IASB’s approach to the reversal of impairments. They also provide novel evidence as to how companies exploit a cookie-jar reserve created by a prior big bath opportunistically.

How Disclosing a Prior Cyberattack Influences the Efficacy of Cybersecurity Risk Management Reporting and Independent Assurance

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L. Frank ◽  
Jonathan H. Grenier ◽  
Jonathan S. Pyzoha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Nonprofessional Investors ◽  
Reporting Framework ◽  
Reliability Enhancement ◽  
Management Reporting ◽  
A Company

ABSTRACT This paper provides evidence that the efficacy of voluntary cybersecurity risk management reporting and independent assurance, in terms of enhancing investment attractiveness, depends on whether a company has disclosed a prior cyberattack. Based on the voluntary disclosure literature, we predict and find that issuing the management component of the AICPA's cybersecurity reporting framework absent assurance is more effective when a company has not (versus has) disclosed a prior cyberattack, as nonprofessional investors are less likely to question the reliability of management's reporting. However, obtaining third party assurance of management's report provides a greater benefit for companies that have (versus have not) disclosed a prior cyberattack, as these companies benefit more from the reliability enhancement of assurance. Finally, we find it may be possible to enhance a company's investment attractiveness by issuing the independent assurance report by itself. Our results have implications for companies' cybersecurity risk management reporting and assurance decisions. Data Availability: Data are available upon request.

Why do Restatements Decrease in a Clawback Environment? An Investigation into Financial Reporting Executives' Decision-Making during the Restatement Process

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 2515-2536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. Pyzoha
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Archival Studies ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Auditor Quality

ABSTRACT Prior archival studies find that firms that voluntarily adopted clawback policies have experienced a reduction in restatements. I experimentally examine this outcome by investigating the influence of two key factors (i.e., executive compensation structure and auditor quality) on financial reporting executives' (hereafter, “executives”) decision-making regarding a proposed restatement that will lead to a clawback of their incentives. I find that executives (i.e., CFOs, controllers, and treasurers) facing a lower quality auditor are less likely to agree with amending prior financial statements when a higher proportion of their pay is incentive-based. However, this tendency is reduced when executives face a higher quality auditor, indicating that higher quality auditors can act as effective monitors. My results identify an ex post unintended consequence of clawback regulation that could at least partially offset the benefits of the ex ante deterrent effects of clawbacks, and that could contribute to findings of less frequent restatements when clawback policies are in place. I discuss potential implications regarding the role of executives during restatement decisions and auditors' risk assessments in a clawback environment. Data Availability: Data are available from the author upon request.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Change in the Balance Sheet Law in 2014-2018 on Management of Companies in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Jolanta Chluska
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Internal Accounting

Polish business entities operate based on accounting principles in accordance with the Accounting Act and the accounting policy established by the directors of the entities. Changes in the balance sheet law have a significant effect on the internal accounting principles applied in companies. In the last three years, Polish accounting regulations have been adapted to the solutions used in the European Union.The aim of the paper is to analyse information aspects of accounting, including financial reporting in Poland in the decision-making processes of internal recipients, taking into account the changes in legal regulations.The research method was the analysis of the literature and legal acts, and a practical example.Changes in legislation influence the accounting policies defined by the managers of business entities. Companies can simplify their accounting principles including those concerning reporting. However, the simplifications should not adversely affect the economic decisions of the entity's manager and the recipients of the financial statements.The lack of accurate financial data from the accounting system may adversely affect the decision-making of the unit's manager in management processes. As it results from the analysis of the literature of the subject and the accounting systems of small enterprises, financial information from accounting is necessary for effective business management. Therefore, managers apply simplifications in accounting quite carefully.

scholarly journals A company performance index for motor vehicle manufacturers: company performance measurement with environmental concerns

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinqin Zeng ◽  
Wouter Beelaerts van Blokland ◽  
Sicco Santema ◽  
Gabriel Lodewijks
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Linear Method ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
A Company

PurposeCurrent literature presents limited measurement methods of quantifying manufacturers' performance with environmental concerns. The purpose of this paper is to construct a company performance index for benchmarking motor vehicle manufacturers (MVMs) with environmental concerns.Design/methodology/approachMethods of constructing the index include regression analysis, a modified linear method for normalizing variables and a geometric mean for aggregating variables into a single index IMVM (index for MVMs). A case study is conducted in 12 MVMs from 2008 to 2017. A sensitivity analysis with the simple additive weighting method is performed to analyze how different aggregation methods affect the final value. The index IMVM is assessed through a benchmark with three existing indices.FindingsThree realistic considerations are identified from MVMs, based on which proper and transparent methods are chosen to construct the IMVM. The construction of the index IMVM has been assessed through a benchmark against the methodologies of three other indices. The results indicate that the new measurement is feasible and effective for MVMs to measure their company performance from an environmental perspective.Practical implicationsThe construction of the index IMVM can support policymakers with accurate statistics for decision-making. As a response to current imperative climate policies, this paper raises awareness of CO2 emissions in vehicles' production. For statistical organizations and stakeholders in the investment world, this paper provides available and reliable statistics for trend analysis of different MVMs.Originality/valueA new method is designed for constructing a company performance index for MVMs. Three environmental variables are identified based on literature, their environmental impact as well as their data availability from public documents. A ranking by manufacturer with environmental concerns is generated. This index can contribute with available statistics and useful insights toward decision-making.

SOX 404(b) Audits: Evidence from Auditing the Financial Close Process of the Accounting System

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-103
Author(s):  
Diane J. Janvrin ◽  
Maureen Francis Mascha ◽  
Melvin A. Lamboy-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Audit Process ◽  
Financial Statement Audit ◽  
Multiple Method ◽  
Access Controls

ABSTRACT Auditing Standard No. 5 requires that auditors integrate their evaluation of large issuers' internal control over financial reporting (ICFR) into their financial statement audit process, but the PCAOB warns that auditors may not adequately test related manual and systems internal controls. We use a multiple method approach to examine how auditors evaluate one important component of ICFR, the financial close process, and whether they evaluate it differently when conducting a SOX 404(b) integrated versus a financial statement audit. Interviewees relied heavily on walkthroughs, and tended to perform only cursory reviews of entity-level controls related to the financial close process. In addition, they often failed to test the link between the general ledger and supporting systems, including evaluating related access controls. Financial statement-only auditors were more likely to re-perform key controls than rely on cursory walkthroughs. Auditors performing integrated audits appeared to over-rely on ICFR findings when conducting financial statement audits. Data Availability: Interview data are available from the first author. PCAOB inspection reports are publicly available.

TELAAHAN PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DENGAN MYOB UNTUK PENYAJIAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN BERDASARKAN PSAK NO. 1 PADA CV. GRAPH PRINTING

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Adri Wihananto
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Accounting Information System ◽  
A Company

Financial statements represent end result from applying an information accounting system. Therefore, to yield good financial statement needed a good information system also. With existence of computerized accounting information system it is provided that accounting information system will walk better and the yielded to financial statements become more accurate and complete. The objective of this research is to know accounting system which previously exists at CV Graph Printing. Others, this research also aim to apply computerized accounting information system with MYOB. This application is expected could help company make good financial statement. CV Graph Printing represent a company moving in the field of printing office. The effort area experienced by this company for example setting (invitation, brochure, visiting card, etc.), screening (clothes, invitation, plastic, etc.), and print (book, invitation, note, etc.). The result of research indicate that accounting information system which preexist at company, that is manual administrate system is not be adequate again. Accounting record process for transactions that happened in company have never been done. Others also the transaction evidences are not kept better. The most important fact is that during the time the company not at all own financial statement so that the owner do not know their company performance during the time. With existence of applying MYOB in its accounting information system, transaction record become easier and quickly. Financial statement could visible any time we wish. Others also, financial statement yielded become more accurate and complete as according to Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) which is validKeywords: accounting information system, MYOB, financial statement

XBRL Mandate: Thousands of Filing Errors and So What?

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Du ◽  
Miklos A. Vasarhelyi ◽  
Xiaochuan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Securities And Exchange Commission ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Data Reporting ◽  
Interactive Data ◽  
Disclosure Requirement ◽  
A Company ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT Since the mandate by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to begin interactive data reporting in June 2009, according to XBRL Cloud, an XBRL product and service provider, more than 4,000 filing errors have been identified. We examine the overall changing pattern of the errors to understand whether the large number of errors may hamper the transition to interactive data reporting. Using a sample of 4,532 filings that contain 4,260 errors, we document a significant learning curve exhibited by the XBRL filers. Specifically, we find that the number of errors per filing is significantly decreasing when a company files more times, suggesting that the company filers or the filing agents many companies use learn from their experiences and therefore the future filings are improved. Our findings provide evidence to encourage the regulatory body, the filers, and the XBRL technology supporting community to embrace the new disclosure requirement in financial reporting. The significantly decreased error pattern also helps address the information users' concerns regarding the data quality of XBRL filings. Data Availability: Data are publicly available from the sources identified in the study.

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