scholarly journals The Effect of Processing and Ingredient Interactions on Thiamine Degradation in Canned Cat Food: A Modern Nutrition - Health Dilemma

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Greg Aldrich
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Pet Food ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Metabolic Requirement ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Life Threatening

Water soluble vitamins play an integral role in normal metabolic function in cats. Thiamine deficiencies are a common issue in the pet food industry because thiamine degrades easily during processing. Specifically, when cats are fed a diet low in thiamine they may devel op life threatening health issues including anorexia, ventroflexion, neurological impairment, and possibly death within a few weeks if not treated. However, little research has been published using a pet food matrix regarding what specific factors in pet f ood processing result in the most losses and whether these can be controlled. Thiamine can be degraded in a canned food due to heat, moisture, long - term storage, sulfites, pH, and thiaminase enzyme activity. Thermal processes used to produce wet pet foods sold in cans, pouches, and trays are required to be heat treated for extended periods of time. This is detrimental to thiamine retention. Because the cat, like other carnivores, has a very high metabolic requirement for thiamine, they are susceptible to th ese losses. For this reason, supplementation is often a logical step. However, survival of more than 10% of the thiamine may not be assured. This review summarizes the prevailing literature on the topic with application to pet food. Further, suggestions re garding potential investigations to remedy the issue are discussed. Finding an optimal time x temperature x pH x ingredient combination is a real possibility that has the potential to save many cats in the future.

scholarly journals Perspective: Practical Approach to Preventing Subclinical B12 Deficiency in Elderly Population

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1913
Author(s):  
Alessandra Vincenti ◽  
Laura Bertuzzo ◽  
Antonio Limitone ◽  
Giuseppe D’Antona ◽  
Hellas Cena
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Water Soluble Vitamin ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Inadequate Dietary Intake

Vitamin B12 (also known as cobalamin) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that plays a pivotal role for several physiologic functions during one’s lifespan. Only certain microorganisms are able to synthetize B12, thus humans obtain cobalamin exclusively from their diet, specifically from animal-derived foods. Specific sub-group populations are at risk of vitamin B12 subclinical deficiency due to different factors including poor intake of animal source foods and age-dependent decrease in the capacity of intestinal B12 uptake. Consumption of animal products produces some negative health issues and negatively impacts sustainability while a plant-based diet increases the risk of B12 deficiency. Taking a cue from the aforementioned considerations, this narrative review aims to summarize facts about B12 deficiency and the burden of inadequate dietary intake in elderly population, as well as to discuss sustainable approaches to vitamin B12 deficiency in aging population.

Research into water-soluble salts in efflorescent pottery during long-term storage in a museum

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pujun Jin ◽  
Weiqiang Zhang ◽  
Quanjun Wang ◽  
Xiaogang Yang ◽  
Sheng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage

scholarly journals Colorless and Transparent Polyimide Microporous Film with Excellent Physicochemical Property

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1298
Author(s):  
Jong Won Kim ◽  
Seon Ju Lee ◽  
Moon Young Choi ◽  
Jin-Hae Chang
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Porous Membrane ◽  
Amic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Microporous Film

4,4′-(4,4′-isopropylidenediphenoxy)bis(phthalic anhydride) (BPADA) as a dianhydride and bis(3-aminophenyl) sulfone (APS) and bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone (APS-OH) as diamines were used to synthesize two types of poly(amic acid) (PAA). Varying amounts (0–5.0 wt%) of water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were mixed with PAA, and the resulting blend was heat-treated at different stages to obtain the colorless and transparent polyimide (CPI) blend films. The synthesized blended film completely removed water-soluble PVA in water. The possibility as a porous membrane according to the pore size varied according to the amount of PVA was investigated. The dispersibility and compatibility of CPI containing APS-OH monomer were higher than those of the APS monomer. This could be attributed to the hydrogen-bonding interactions between the CPI main chains and PVA. Scanning electron microscopy was conducted to characterize the material. The results revealed that the pore size of the CPI blend film increased as the PVA concentration increased. It was confirmed that uniform pores of μm-size were observed in CPI. The thermal stabilities, morphologies, optical properties, and solubilities of two CPIs obtained using APS and APS-OH monomers were investigated and their properties were compared with each other.

The Role of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy to Support Patients With Cancer: A Critical Scoping Review of the Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 089801012110390
Author(s):  
Rebecca H. Lehto ◽  
Megan Miller ◽  
Jessica Sender
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Existential Suffering ◽  
Vulnerable Patients ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Self Transcendence

Treatments for addressing psychiatric mental health issues in vulnerable patients with cancer are established. Yet, many patients persist with unrelenting psychological difficulties despite intervention. There is growing interest in the role of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for managing treatment-resistant mental health challenges in patients with cancer. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring compound derived from certain mushroom species that can induce entheogenic experiences or an altered state of consciousness. Reed's Self-Transcendence Theory provides a holistic lens to examine existential concerns and mental health in individuals who perceive their illness as potentially life threatening, such as those with cancer. This scoping literature review used Arksey and O’Malley's template to evaluate research examining psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for patients with cancer. Eight articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria (four quantitative, two mixed methods, and two qualitative). Review findings indicated that the majority of patient experiences were positive, centering on themes of death acceptance, reflection, and broadened spirituality. Although psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is in early stages of clinical testing, it thus shows promise for carefully screened patients with cancer who have persistent existential suffering. It will be critical for investigators to tailor this emerging intervention to select patients and for clinicians to be engaged in assessment of outcomes and efficacy.

Review on Mucormycosis: It is a life Threatening infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 316-318
Author(s):  
S.D. Mankar ◽  
Waditake Poonam ◽  
Prajakta Jejurkar
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Home Remedies ◽  
Animal Dung ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment

Mucormycosis, often known as black fungus, is a fungal infection caused by the mucormycetes fungi. Zygomycetes is a class of fungi. Mucormycetes, the fungus that cause mucormycosis, are found all throughout the world, especially in soil and in decaying organic waste like leaves, compost piles, and animal dung. It is not contagious and cannot be passed from one person to another. Mucormycosis (also known as zygomycosis) is a dangerous but uncommon fungal infection caused by a fungus known as mucormycetes. Molds can be found all over the place. Mucormycosis is a fungal infection that primarily affects persons who have health issues or who use medications that reduce the body's capacity to resist infections and illness. Infections are most typically acquired when mould spores are inhaled or, less commonly, when spores enter the body through a cut in the skin. It takes place after COVID-19. Home remedies, such as consuming probiotics, and foods that promote immunity, can help to minimise mucormycosis. The main purpose of this review Related to Mucormycosis is to diminish the growth of Mucormycosis by taking Ayurvedic Treatment.

scholarly journals QTY Code-designed Water-soluble Fc-fusion Cytokine Receptors Bind to their Respective Ligands

QRB Discovery ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilei Hao ◽  
David Jin ◽  
Shuguang Zhang ◽  
Rui Qing
Keyword(s):  
Chemokine Receptors ◽  
Protein Modification ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cytokine Receptors ◽  
Interleukin Receptors ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Hydrophobic Amino Acids

AbstractCytokine release syndrome (CRS), or ‘cytokine storm’, is the leading side effect during chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy that is potentially life-threatening. It also plays a critical role in viral infections such as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, efficient removal of excessive cytokines is essential for treatment. We previously reported a novel protein modification tool called the QTY code, through which hydrophobic amino acids Leu, Ile, Val and Phe are replaced by Gln (Q), Thr (T) and Tyr (Y). Thus, the functional detergent-free equivalents of membrane proteins can be designed. Here, we report the application of the QTY code on six variants of cytokine receptors, including interleukin receptors IL4Rα and IL10Rα, chemokine receptors CCR9 and CXCR2, as well as interferon receptors IFNγR1 and IFNλR1. QTY-variant cytokine receptors exhibit physiological properties similar to those of native receptors without the presence of hydrophobic segments. The receptors were fused to the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG) protein to form an antibody-like structure. These QTY code-designed Fc-fusion receptors were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. The resulting water-soluble fusion receptors bind to their respective ligands with Kd values affinity similar to isolated native receptors. Our cytokine receptor–Fc-fusion proteins potentially serve as an antibody-like decoy to dampen the excessive cytokine levels associated with CRS and COVID-19 infection.

226 Retention of thiamine and other water soluble vitamins in a wet pet food application

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Author(s):  
L. M. Molnar ◽  
R. A. Donadelli ◽  
C. G. Aldrich
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Pet Food

scholarly journals Quality Control of Serum and Plasma by Quantification of (4E,14Z)-Sphingadienine-C18-1-Phosphate Uncovers Common Preanalytical Errors During Handling of Whole Blood

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 810-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Liu ◽  
Miriam Hoene ◽  
Peiyuan Yin ◽  
Louise Fritsche ◽  
Peter Plomgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Research Findings

Abstract BACKGROUND Nonadherence to standard operating procedures (SOPs) during handling and processing of whole blood is one of the most frequent causes affecting the quality of serum and plasma. Yet, the quality of blood samples is of the utmost importance for reliable, conclusive research findings, valid diagnostics, and appropriate therapeutic decisions. METHODS UHPLC-MS-driven nontargeted metabolomics was applied to identify biomarkers that reflected time to processing of blood samples, and a targeted UHPLC-MS analysis was used to quantify and validate these biomarkers. RESULTS We found that (4E,14Z)-sphingadienine-C18-1-phosphate (S1P-d18:2) was suitable for the reliable assessment of the pronounced changes in the quality of serum and plasma caused by errors in the phase between collection and centrifugation of whole blood samples. We rigorously validated S1P-d18:2, which included the use of practicality tests on >1400 randomly selected serum and plasma samples that were originally collected during single- and multicenter trials and then stored in 11 biobanks in 3 countries. Neither life-threatening disease states nor strenuous metabolic challenges (i.e., high-intensity exercise) affected the concentration of S1P-d18:2. Cutoff values for sample assessment were defined (plasma, ≤0.085 μg/mL; serum, ≤0.154 μg/mL). CONCLUSIONS Unbiased valid monitoring to check for adherence to SOP-dictated time for processing to plasma or serum and/or time to storage of whole blood at 4 °C is now feasible. This novel quality assessment step could enable scientists to uncover common preanalytical errors, allowing for identification of serum and plasma samples that should be excluded from certain investigations. It should also allow control of samples before long-term storage in biobanks.

Food Sustenance Estimation Using Food Image

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 2050034
Author(s):  
G. Wiselin Jiji ◽  
A. Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Query Image ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Food Image

The upcoming generation is at high risk of developing many health issues like heart diseases, metabolic diseases and other life-threatening problems with high mortality as a consequence of obesity due to intake of unhealthy food which is totally deviated from a normal balanced diet with appropriate calories, proteins, vitamins and carbohydrates. In this work, the nutrient intake is calculated using food image. Our system provides efficient segmentation algorithms for separating food items from the plate. The given 2D image of food is converted into 3D image by generating its depth map for volume generation and color, texture and shape features are extracted. These features are fed as input into multi-class support vector machine classifier for learning. The learning phase involves training of various mixed and non mixed food items. The testing phase includes query image segmentation and classification for identifying the type of food and then finding calories using the nutrition data table. We have also estimated the ingredient and decay of food items. Our result shows accurate calorie estimation for various kinds of food items.

scholarly journals Effect of the brewing process on the acrylamide content in coffee beverages

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Michalak ◽  
Marta Czarnowska-Kujawska ◽  
Elżbieta Gujska ◽  
Joanna Klepacka ◽  
Elżbieta Tońska
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Short Contact Time ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Carcinogenic Substances ◽  
Brewing Process ◽  
Espresso Coffee ◽  
Brewing Method ◽  
Filtered Coffee ◽  
Ground Coffee

AbstractOne of the latest neurotoxic and carcinogenic substances discovered in food is acrylamide (AA). The main pathway for AA formation in foods is the Maillard reaction (MR). Heat treated carbohydrate-rich foods such as potato, cereal and bakery products, together with coffee contain high levels of acrylamide. The high consumption of coffee in many countries makes it a potentially significant source of daily exposure to acrylamide. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the influence of the brewing method on the acrylamide level in coffee beverages. The experiment was performed with six different roasted coffee from local supermarkets. For coffee beverages preparation four different methods were used: boiled coffee (Turkish coffee), steeping (French press coffee), infusion (filtered coffee), and Italian pressure method (espresso coffee). Each time coffee beans were mechanically powdered and 100 ml brew was prepared using 6 g of ground coffee. AA contents in the brew coffee samples were determined by the RP - HPLC - DAD method. The results for AA contents were presented as mean values ± standard deviations (SDs) of six independent samples, analysed in triplicate (n = 18). Obtained results showed that the method of brewing coffee influences the level of AA in infusions. AA concentrations for Turkish coffee (4.10 μg/100 ml), French press (3.19 μg/100 ml) and filtered coffee (2.95 μg/100 ml) were higher than for espresso (2.13 μg/100 ml). Results showed also that the highly water-soluble acrylamide is easily extracted from the ground coffee to the liquid phase of the beverage. The extraction percentage variation according to the brew method was: from 52% for espresso to 95% for Turkish coffee. The brewing procedure for espresso extracted acrylamide incompletely from ground coffee comparing to other brewing methods, due to the short contact time between coffee and water. When compared with other common coffee beverages, espresso is the most concentrated brew. However, its acrylamide content per cup may be lower, due to the lower level of this substance extraction to the brew. The brewing time has a significant influence on the extraction level of AA for the beverage.

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