scholarly journals Diagnostic significance of volume capnography in examination of patients with bronchial asthma

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-395
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Subbotin
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Functional Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Lung Periphery

Aim: to study the diagnostic significance of volume capnography in examination of patients with severe and moderate bronchial asthma (BA). Materials and Methods. 171 patents were examined, of them 43 patients with severe BA and 45 patients with moderate BA. The control group included 83 relatively healthy volunteers. In all the participants, along with clinical examination, parameters of spirometry and volume capnography were determined using ultrasound computer spirograph SpiroScout (Ganshorn, Germany) equipped with a volume capnography function. Results. Volume capnography revealed the following changes in patients with BA in comparison with the control group: increase in the slope of phase III (indicates non-uniformity of ventilation and perfusion in the lung periphery due to pathology of the small airways) and increase in emphysema index (indicates hyperinflation of lung). The above indices had statistically significant differences in severe and moderate asthma. Based on the results of examination of healthy individuals, the normal values for the slope of phase III (<0.31 g/mol·L) and emphysema index (<43) were calculated. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of volume capnography were studied with subsequent construction of ROC-curves and calculation of AUC for the slope angle of phase III and for emphysema index. It was found that most informative in BA are parameters of specificity of the diagnostic test (slope of phase III – 90.32%, emphysema index – 96.77%). The subsequent construction of ROC-curves showed that the AUC value for slope of phase III and emphysema index was higher in severe BA compared to the moderate BA (0.74 and 0.86, respectively). Conclusion. The obtained data demonstrate the significance of volume capnography in the functional diagnosis of respiratory disorders in BA.

scholarly journals Diagnostic significance of volume capnography in examination of patients with bronchial asthma

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-395
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Subbotin
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Functional Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Lung Periphery

Aim: to study the diagnostic significance of volume capnography in examination of patients with severe and moderate bronchial asthma (BA). Materials and Methods. 171 patents were examined, of them 43 patients with severe BA and 45 patients with moderate BA. The control group included 83 relatively healthy volunteers. In all the participants, along with clinical examination, parameters of spirometry and volume capnography were determined using ultrasound computer spirograph SpiroScout (Ganshorn, Germany) equipped with a volume capnography function. Results. Volume capnography revealed the following changes in patients with BA in comparison with the control group: increase in the slope of phase III (indicates non-uniformity of ventilation and perfusion in the lung periphery due to pathology of the small airways) and increase in emphysema index (indicates hyperinflation of lung). The above indices had statistically significant differences in severe and moderate asthma. Based on the results of examination of healthy individuals, the normal values for the slope of phase III (<0.31 g/mol·L) and emphysema index (<43) were calculated. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of volume capnography were studied with subsequent construction of ROC-curves and calculation of AUC for the slope angle of phase III and for emphysema index. It was found that most informative in BA are parameters of specificity of the diagnostic test (slope of phase III – 90.32%, emphysema index – 96.77%). The subsequent construction of ROC-curves showed that the AUC value for slope of phase III and emphysema index was higher in severe BA compared to the moderate BA (0.74 and 0.86, respectively). Conclusion. The obtained data demonstrate the significance of volume capnography in the functional diagnosis of respiratory disorders in BA.

scholarly journals Functional state of the small airways in patients with bronchial asthma associated with obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
E E Mineeva ◽  
M V Antonyuk ◽  
A V Yurenko ◽  
T A Gvozdenko
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Average Flow Velocity ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Bronchial Resistance

Aim. To assess the functional status of the small Airways in patients with bronchial asthma associated with obesity, by body plethysmography. Materials and methods. 65 patients with bronchial asthma of mild severity, partially controlled course, including 30 patients with normal body weight and 35 patients with obesity of I degree were examined. Control group-30 healthy volunteers. Examined forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) ratio of FEV1 to FVC (FEV1/FVC), maximum volumetric exhalation rate after 25.50 and 75% FVC (MEF75, MEF50, MEF25), average flow velocity in the exhalation interval 25-75% of FVC (MMEF25-75). Method bodyplethysmography was evaluated in bronchial resistance, functional residual capacity (FRC), residual volume of the lungs (RV), total lung capacity (TLC), the percentage of RV/TLC. Results. Patients with bronchial asthma with obesity showed a reduction of indicators of bronchial obstruction: FEV1 of 14% (p=0.02), FEV1/FVC by 14% (p=0.001), MEF75 30% (p=0.001), MEF50 by 35% (p=0.001), MEF25 by 44% (p=0.003), MMEF25-75 by 38% (p=0.001). The increase of bronchial resistance on inhalation in 2 times (p=0.001), on exhalation in 3.3 times (p=0.003) was found, which is typical for generalized bronchial obstruction at the proximal level. An increase in RV by 24% (p=0.03), TLC - by 9% (p=0.03), RV/TLC - by 18% (p=0.03), indicating the presence of "air traps" and dysfunction of the small respiratory tract. Conclusion. In patients with asthma of mild severity associated with obesity, both the central bronchis and the distal lung are affected, which are manifested by generalized bronchial obstruction, the formation of "air traps" and dysfunction of the small respiratory tract.

scholarly journals THE EFFICACY OF COMBINED THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH NEUTROPHILIC BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Feshchenko ◽  
◽  
L. A. Iashyna ◽  
G. L. Gumeniuk ◽  
V. I. Ignatieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Key Words Bronchial Asthma ◽  
St George's Respiratory Questionnaire

THE EFFICACY OF COMBINED THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH NEUTROPHILIC BRONCHIAL ASTHMA Yu. I. Feshchenko, L. A. Iashyna, G. L. Gumeniuk, V. I. Ignatieva, M. A. Polianska, S. G. Opimakh, I. V. Zvol, S. M. Moskalenko, N. A. Vlasova, L. A. Halai State organization «F. G. Yanovsky National institute of phthisiology and pulmonology National Academy of medical sciences of Ukraine» , Kyiv, Ukraine Abstract. Background: Issues of neutrophilic bronchial asthma remain unresolved and the investigations of the pathogenesis and treatment of this disease endotype are currently continuing. The aim of the study: This study aimed to develop the technology of the treatment of the neutrophilic asthma with the use of available drugs in Ukraine. Methods. The study involved 30 patients with neutrophilic asthma. The first (control) group consisted of 15 patients who received standard therapy with a combination of budesonide and formoterol. The second (main) group consisted of 15 patients who received the treatment according the technology (ultrafine beclomethasone dipropionate, formoterol, tiotropium bromide and additionally for the first 10 days — inhalation of 10.0 % acetylcysteine solution through a nebulizer). All patients were surveyed with the Asthma Control Test (ACT), the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ). The quality of life of patients was assessed by a St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire. All patients underwent spirometry and a 6-minute walking test (6MWT). Results: In the prescription of complex therapy to patients with neutrophilic asthma clinical and functional efficacy was achieved in 93.3 % of patients. There were observed statistically significant increase in the ACT from (14.3 ± 1.3) to (20.3 ± 0.8) points (p < 0.05), a decrease in the ACQ from (2.3 ± 0.2) ) to (1.1 ± 0.1) points (p < 0.05), clinically significant reduction in the number of symptoms from (71.4 ± 5.6) points to (51.3  5.0) points, p < 0.05 according to the results of the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, and a statistically significant increase in MEF50 from (28.9 ± 4.5) % to (41.6 ± 4.2) %, p < 0.05, MEF25 — from (19.1 ± 2.9) % to (27.6 ± 2.6) %, p < 0.05 and FEV1 /FVC from (67.2 ± 3.5) % to (76.1 ± 2.3) %, p < 0.05 after 3 months of complex treatment, as well as a statistically significant increase in the number of meters passed in the 6MWT from (266.3 ± 16.2) m to (312.0 ± 14.4) m, p < 0.05, reduction of shortness of breath on the Borg scale before test from (2.5  0.3) points to (1.5 ± 0.1) points, p < 0.05 and after the test — from (4.1 ± 0.3) points to (3.1 ± 0.3) points, p < 0.05. Conclusions: The technology of treatment of patients with neutrophilic asthma allows to improve the control of the asthma symptoms and quality of life of the patients, bronchial patency at the small airways and reduce fixed bronchial obstruction, as well as increase exercise tolerance. Key words: bronchial asthma, neutrophilic inflammation, combined therapy.

scholarly journals Detection of Peripheral Ventilation Inhomogeneity in Smokers

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
DJ Cotton ◽  
JT Mink ◽  
BL Graham
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Mixing Efficiency ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Test Gas ◽  
Ventilation Inhomogeneity ◽  
Lung Periphery

BACKGROUND: In smokers, ‘small airways’ narrowing alters the conventional, vital capacity single breath washout (SBWVC). Although, in some studies, the test predicts smokers at risk of developing chronic airflow limitation, its wide variability partly explains its poor positive predictive value. An alternative explanation for the test’s poor predictive value is that it may not accurately reflect small airway narrowing in the lung periphery.OBJECTIVE: To determine whether smoke-induced increases in ventilation inhomogeneity differ between SBWVCmanoeuvres, which augment topographical (apex-to-base) ventilation inhomogeneity, and submaximal manoeuvres (SBWSM), which enhance peripheral ventilation inhomogeneity.STUDY GROUP AND DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of 21 current smokers and 21 nonsmokers with similar age and forced expiratory volumes in 1 s (FEV1).METHODS: Smokers and nonsmokers performed SBW with either slow vital capacity inhalation and exhalation of test gas without breath holding (SBWVC); or slow inhalation of test gas from functional residual capacity to one-half inspiratory capacity and, after 0 s or 10 s of breath holding, slow exhalation to residual volume (SBWSM). For all SBW the normalized phase III helium slope (Sn), closing capacity (CC) as a percentage of total lung capacity (TLC) and mixing efficiency (Emix) were measured.RESULTS: For SBWVC, smoking had no effect on Snor Emix. However, CC/TLC was increased in smokers (P<0.05), but did not correlate with pack years or age. For SBWSM, smoking had no effect on Emixor CC/TLC, but resulted in a steeper Sn(P <0.05), which decreased more with breath holding (P<0.01) and correlated with pack years (P<0.05) at 0 s but not 10 s of breath holding.CONCLUSIONS: In smokers with normal FEV1, SBWSM manoeuvres reveal increases in breath hold time-dependent ventilation inhomogeneity in the lung periphery, not detected by conventional SBWVC.

scholarly journals Role of bronchophonography in early diagnostics of bronchial asthma in children of preschool age

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
A. A. Pavlikov ◽  
Yu. L. Mizernitsky ◽  
V. I. Marushkov ◽  
I. M. Melnikova ◽  
L. B. Shubin
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Early Diagnostics ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Pharmacological Test ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

The diagnostic significance of bronchophonography (BPG) for early detection of bronchial asthma (BA) in children from 2 to 5 years old is estimated. BPG was used to examine 210 children, including 110 children with often acute respiratory infections (ARIs), 35 children with the mild case of BA in the remission period, and 65 practically healthy children. In patients with BA compared to the group of practically healthy children, the indices of acoustic work of respiration in the high-frequency range (the so-called zone of obstructive changes) were increased, and this increase was reversible after pharmacological test with a bronchial spasmolytic. Similar changes of BPG were observed in 20% of patients with often ARIs, and two years later these children had typical clinical signs of BA. Indices of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of BPG were equal to respectively 95.2 and 95.0%. Taking into account the relative simplicity and noninvasive character of BPG, this allows us to recommend the wide use of this method as a screening one for early diagnostics of BA in children of early and preschool age under hospital conditions.

MYCOPLASMA AND CHLAMYDIA AS ETHIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN TERMS OF ETHNOGENESIS

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
O. A. Sharavii ◽  
S. V. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Chlamydophila Psittaci ◽  
Asthma Patients

 Aim. The study of the prevalence and clinical peculiarities of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis in patients with different pathogenic forms of bronchial asthma (BA) taking into account ethnicity of a patient. Subjects and Methods. The research covered 239 subjects – both the Europeoids and the Mongoloids in the city of Krasnoyarsk and the town of Kyzyl, all of them being BA patients of different stages, including acute stage and practically healthy. We had determined antigens Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydia trachomatis in smears of mucosa of pharynx and antibodies to these antigens in peripheral blood serum. Results.  We found high frequency of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis in the inhabitants of Eastern Siberia, BA patients with different pathogenic forms as compared to control group. We had determined ethnic peculiarities of specific immune response: IgM to М. pneumoniae was revealed in the Europoids more frequently than in the Mongoloids, but IgM to С. pneumoniae and to C. trachomatis, C. trachomatis antigens had been revealed more often in the Mongoloids than in the Europoids. We accepted as clinical equivalents of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis diagnostics the following signs: temperature around 37C (subfebrile temperature), non-intensive but stable coughing with scanty mucous and muco-purulent sputum, dyspnea of mixed character. Conclusions. Mycoplasma and Chlamydia are meaningful etiologic factors of bronchial asthma. We have found the peculiarities of immune response depending on ethnicity of a patient (ethnic belonging). Clinical markers of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis should be taken into account in bronchial asthma in order to provide diagnostics timely as well as eradication of infection agents. Because of insufficient knowledge of problem of bronchial asthma related to contamination with Мycoplasma and Chlamydia we put the goal to study the frequency of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis occurrence in bronchial asthma patients and determine the characteristics clinical course of diseases. We defined antigens Мycoplasma pneumoniae, Мycoplasma hominis, Chlamydophila pneumoniaе, Chlamydophila psittaci, Chlamydia trachomatis in smears of oropharynx mucosa and antibodies to them in blood serum. 

HUBUNGAN TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH, PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK DAN RIWAYAT PENYAKIT KELUARGA TERHADAP KEJADIAN ASMA BRONKIAL PADA ANAK USIA 5 – 10 TAHUN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LEMPAKE KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sri Evi New Yearsi Pangadongan ◽  
Agustina Rahyu ◽  
Selvy Pasulu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
History Of ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
And Gender

Bronchial Asthma generally starts from childhood which is condition where respiration channel experiences constriction because of hyperactivity with some specific stimulation which cause inflammation. Some risk factors are smoking exposure of cigarette smoke, weather changes, mite on house dirt, pet and history of family sickness. The purpose of this research is to know Relation of mite on house dirt, exposure of cigarette smoke  and history of family sickness with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10  years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016. Method which used was analytic survey with Case Control approaching. The total sample was 36 children which consisted of 18 case group and 18 control group with matching by using age and gender which submitted with Purposive Sampling technique. Data Analysis used Chi Square with wrong degree α = 0,005. The result showed that there was relation of mite of house dirt (p = 0,006), history of family sickness (p = 0,001) and no relation with exposure of cigarette smoke (p = 0,370) with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10 years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016.

ОЦЕНКА ЦИТОКИНОВОГО ПРОФИЛЯ СЫВОРОТКИ КРОВИ И СУБПОПУЛЯЦИЙ Т-ЛИМФОЦИТОВ У ДЕТЕЙ С АЛЛЕРГИЧЕСКИМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ ОРГАНОВ ДЫХАНИЯ

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
E.V. Prosekova ◽  
A.I. Turyanskaya ◽  
N.G. Plekhova ◽  
M.S. Dolgopolov ◽  
V.A. Sabynych
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Cytokine ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Level Of Significance

Расширение спектра изучаемых клонов Тхелперов определило более сложные иммунные механизмы реализации аллергического воспаления. Цель. Характеристика показателей и взаимосвязей цитокинового профиля сыворотки и субпопуляционного состава Тлимфоцитов периферической крови у детей с бронхиальной астмой и аллергическим ринитом. Материалы и методы. Проведено комплексное обследование 150 детей в возрасте 311 лет с верифицированным диагнозом бронхиальной астмы, аллергического ринита и 30 здоровых сверстников. Иммунологические параметры крови оценивали методом проточной цитометрии, концентрации интерлейкинов и IgE в сыворотке крови определяли методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. При статистической обработке использовали программы Statistica 10 с критическим уровнем значимости р0,05. Результаты. У детей с аллергическими заболеваниями в сыворотке крови определены высокие уровни содержания интерлейкинов4, 8, 13, 17А, сопоставимый с показателями группы контроля уровень IL17F и низкое содержание IFNy. При бронхиальной астме и аллергическом рините у детей выявлено увеличение количества CD3CD8CD45RO, CD3CD8CD45RACD45RO Тлимфоцитов и CD3CD4 Тхелперов и повышение количество Th17 при снижении CD3CD4CD45RO клеток памяти. В группе здоровых детей популяция Th17 составляла 9,491,6, у детей с аллергическими заболеваниями количество данных клеток было значимо выше 14,50,77 (р0,001). Анализ сывороточного содержания цитокинов у детей с изолированным течением БА и в сочетании с аллергическим ринитом выявил разнонаправленные корреляции, отличающиеся по силе и направленности от таковых в группе здоровых детей. Заключение. У детей при изолированном течении бронхиальной астмы и в сочетании с аллергическим ринитом выявлены: сопоставимое с показателями здоровых детей количество CD3CD4 Тклеток, дисбаланс в субпопуляционном составе Тхелперов за счет преобладания Th2 и Th17, активация синтеза IL17A, IL4, IL8, IL13, низкий уровень сывороточного IFNy, изменения силы и направленности взаимосвязей цитокинового профиля и спектра субпопуляций Тлимфоцитов.Expansion of the range of examined Thelper clones has determined more complex immune mechanisms for the implementation of allergic inflammation. Objective. To characterize the parameters and relationships between the serum cytokine profile and Tlymphocyte subpopulation in peripheral blood of children with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Materials and methods. 150 children aged between 311 years old with bronchial asthma, and allergic rhinitis and 30 healthy volunteers were examined. Immunological parameters were assessed by flow cytometry, the concentration of serum interleukins and IgE were determined by means of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed with Statistica 10 program with a critical level of significance p0.05. Results. High levels of interleukins 4, 8, 13, 17A were determined, IL7F level was not significantly different from that in control group and low level of IFNy was found in the serum of children with allergic diseases. The number of CD3CD8CD45RO, CD3CD8CD45RACD45RO Tlymphocytes, CD3CD4 Thelper cells and Th17 were increased and at the same time CD3CD4CD45RO memory cells were decreased In bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis children. Number of Th17 cells in healthy children was 9.491.6, in allergic children it was significantly higher 14.50.77 (p0.001). Analyses of serum cytokine count in children with isolated BA and in association with allergic rhinitis revealed multidirectional correlations differing in strength and direction from those in the group of healthy children. Conclusion. In children with isolated bronchial asthma and associated with allergic rhinitis the following parameters were found: CD3CD4 Tcells count was comparable to that in healthy children, the imbalance of Thelper subpopulation: prevalence of Th2 and Th17, activation of IL17A, IL4, IL8, IL13 synthesis and low level of serum IFNy.

scholarly journals Determination of Efficacy of Single and Double 4.7 mg Deslorelin Acetate Implant on the Reproductive Activity of Female Pond Sliders (Trachemys scripta)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Edoardo Bardi ◽  
Martina Manfredi ◽  
Raffaella Capitelli ◽  
Emanuele Lubian ◽  
Alessandro Vetere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Trachemys Scripta ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexual Hormones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Plasmatic Concentration

The use of long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists to suppress fertility has been poorly investigated in reptiles, and the few available studies show inconsistent results. The efficacy of single and double intramuscular 4.7 mg deslorelin acetate implants in captive pond sliders (Trachemys scripta) was investigated, with 20 animals divided into three groups: a single-implant group (6 animals), a double-implant group (6 animals), and a control group (no implant). During one reproductive season (March to October), plasmatic concentration of sexual hormones (estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone) and ovarian morphometric activity via computed tomography were monitored about every 30 days. A significative decrease in the number of phase II ovarian follicles was detected in the double-implant group compared with the control group, but no significant difference was noted in the number of phase III and phase IV follicles, egg production, and plasmatic concentration of sexual hormones. Results show that neither a single nor a double deslorelin acetate implant can successfully inhibit reproduction in female pond sliders during the ongoing season, but the lower number of phase II follicles in the double-implant group can possibly be associated with reduced fertility in the following seasons.

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