scholarly journals The Canadian Statistical Demographic Database Research Project: Exploring Potential Use of Administrative Data to Support the Canadian Census Program

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Aggregate Level ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Unique Identifier ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT ObjectiveStatistics Canada initiated the Canadian Statistical Demographic Database (CSDD) research project to determine if and how administrative data could be used to support the Canadian Census Program. The project’s goal is to create a census spine from administrative data sources. The CSDD’s current scope is limited to basic information (name, sex, birth date and usual place of residence) for all Canadians. MethodTwo 2011 CSDD prototypes were built using and linking hundreds of administrative files obtained mainly from other federal departments. Extensive pre-processing activities must take place prior to linkage to remove duplicates and standardize file variables. Given that Canadians do not possess a single unique identifier, administrative files were linked using record linkage methods; key matching variables were identified, validated and used to perform the linkage. This work led to the development of auxiliary files, which serve specific purposes related to the CSDD development. They also provide useful linkage keys to other Statistics Canada statistical programs.ResultsThe outcome of the CSDD is determined by comparing it to two references. First, comparisons were done at the aggregate level (Canadian, provincial and sub-provincial levels) by contrasting the results with Demography Division’s official population estimates for the 2011 Census. The CSDD was also compared with the 2011 Census of Population’s Response Database (RDB), which allows for analysis at the micro (record) level. The RDB contains non-imputed data on name, sex, birth date and usual place of residence as provided by individual census respondents. Comparisons with the RDB have allowed us to address the question, “Does the CSDD put the right person at the same address as the 2011 Census does?” Results are promising. At the aggregate level, the CSDD compares well with the demographic estimates for the 2011 Census at the national, provincial/territorial and some urban area levels. At the micro level, the CSDD contains more individuals than the RDB. Improvements are needed with regards to its ability to place persons accurately in rural areas due to the lack of good residential addresses in administrative data files. Initial results led to the planning of new CSDD prototypes, this time for 2016, in line with the 2016 Census of Population.ConclusionThe presentation will give an overview of the methods and principles behind the construction of the CSDD. Basic analytical results will present areas of strength and weakness. Lessons learned and upcoming challenges along with their proposed solutions will complete the presentation.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of an Internet network in 40 schools in Nabón, Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronny Israel Cabrera-Tituana ◽  
Andrea Katherine Carrión-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Digital Gap ◽  
The Right ◽  
Internet Network

Internet access is necessary to ensure respect for the right to education, however, worldwide about 75% of school-age children in rural areas do not have access to the Internet at home, which makes it imperative the need for actions to reduce the digital gap to improve the quality of education in rural communities in Ecuador. This article describes the rehabilitation of an Internet network of 40 schools in the Nabón community, Ecuador. An earlier initiative implemented the Internet network, but lack of maintenance left it non-functional. With the support of the Municipality of Nabón, Motorola Foundation and IEEE SIGHT, a group of volunteers from IEEE Ecuador evaluated the state of the network to identify opportunities using the existing infrastructure. The commitment to the community, as well as the development of capacities, are at the center of the intervention to guarantee the sustainable development of the project. This document reports on the design, implementation, achievements and lessons learned from the rehabilitation of the Internet network.

Why Has There Been No People’s Power Rebellion in North Korea?

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Andrew Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Al Jazeera ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Right

One scenario put forward by researchers, political commentators and journalists for the collapse of North Korea has been a People’s Power (or popular) rebellion. This paper analyses why no popular rebellion has occurred in the DPRK under Kim Jong Un. It challenges the assumption that popular rebellion would happen because of widespread anger caused by a greater awareness of superior economic conditions outside the DPRK. Using Jack Goldstone’s theoretical expla-nations for the outbreak of popular rebellion, and comparisons with the 1989 Romanian and 2010–11 Tunisian transitions, this paper argues that marketi-zation has led to a loosening of state ideological control and to an influx of infor-mation about conditions in the outside world. However, unlike the Tunisian transitions—in which a new information context shaped by social media, the Al-Jazeera network and an experience of protest helped create a sense of pan-Arab solidarity amongst Tunisians resisting their government—there has been no similar ideology unifying North Koreans against their regime. There is evidence of discontent in market unrest in the DPRK, although protests between 2011 and the present have mostly been in defense of the right of people to support themselves through private trade. North Koreans believe this right has been guaranteed, or at least tacitly condoned, by the Kim Jong Un government. There has not been any large-scale explosion of popular anger because the state has not attempted to crush market activities outright under Kim Jong Un. There are other reasons why no popular rebellion has occurred in the North. Unlike Tunisia, the DPRK lacks a dissident political elite capable of leading an opposition movement, and unlike Romania, the DPRK authorities have shown some flexibility in their anti-dissent strategies, taking a more tolerant approach to protests against economic issues. Reduced levels of violence during periods of unrest and an effective system of information control may have helped restrict the expansion of unrest beyond rural areas.

INCOME AS A SOURCE OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL AREAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
O. N. KUSAKINA ◽  
◽  
S. V. SOKOLOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Average Structure ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Consumer Expenditures ◽  
Capital Development

The article is devoted to research of dynamics of disposable resources of rural and urban households; components of disposable resources of households depending on the place of residence (per household member on average); structure of consumer expenditures of rural households based on official statistics for 2018–2020. The presented findings may serve as a basis for justifying the trends in social and economic conditions necessary for the growth of human capital in rural areas.

WITHWomen: User Centered Approach to the Design and Development of a suite of Intimate Partner Violence Screening and Safety Planning Web-Applications (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia O'Campo ◽  
Alisa Velonis ◽  
Pearl Buhariwala ◽  
Janisha Kamalanathan ◽  
Maha Awaiz Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Safety Planning ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Mhealth Technology ◽  
The Right ◽  
Safe Access ◽  
Health Applications

BACKGROUND The popularity of mHealth technology has resulted in the development of numerous applications for almost every type of self-improvement or disease management. M- and e-health solutions for increasing awareness about and safety around partner violence is no exception. OBJECTIVE These applications allow women to control access to these resources and provide unlimited, and with the right design features, safe access when these resources are needed. Few applications, however, have been designed in close collaboration with intended users to ensure relevance and effectiveness. METHODS We report here on the design of a pair of evidence-based m- and e-health applications to facilitate early identification of unsafe relationship behaviors and tailored safety planning to reduce harm from violence including the methods by which we collaborated with and sought input from population of intended users. RESULTS The demographic characteristics of those who participated in the various surveys and interviews to inform the development of our screening and safety-decision support app are presented in (Table 2). CONCLUSIONS Finally, we share challenges we faced and lessons learned that might inform future design efforts of m- and e-health evidence-based applications.

scholarly journals Management of Distress in Patients with Cancer—Are We Doing the Right Thing?

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 978-984
Author(s):  
Joost Dekker ◽  
Kristi D Graves ◽  
Terry A Badger ◽  
Michael A Diefenbach
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Distress Screening ◽  
Underlying Assumption ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Screening for distress and referral for the provision of psychosocial care is currently the preferred approach to the management of distress in patients with cancer. To date, this approach has shown a limited effect on the reduction of distress. Recent commentaries have argued that the implementation of distress screening should be improved. On the other hand, the underlying assumption that a referral for psychosocial care is required for distressed patients can be questioned. This has led to the development of an alternative approach, called emotional support and case finding. Purpose In the context of finding innovative solutions to tomorrow’s health challenges, we explore ways to optimize distress management in patients with cancer. Methods and Results We discuss three different approaches: (i) optimization of screening and referral, (ii) provision of emotional support and case finding, and (iii) a hybrid approach with multiple assessments, using mobile technology. Conclusions We suggest continued research on the screening and referral approach, to broaden the evidence-base on improving emotional support and case finding, and to evaluate the utility of multiple assessments of distress with new interactive mobile tools. Lessons learned from these efforts can be applied to other disease areas, such as cardiovascular disease or diabetes.

scholarly journals Inequalities in life expectancy by place of residence and its changes in Lithuania during 1990-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sauliune ◽  
O Mesceriakova-Veliuliene ◽  
R Kalediene
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
National Mortality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Introduction Health inequalities have emerged as a big issue of public health in Lithuania. Recent studies have demonstrated increasing mortality differentials between different socio-demographic groups of the population. Urban/rural place of residence is related with a set of socio-economic characteristics, different access to material resources, presence or absence of social support, and attitudes to health-related behavior. The aim of the study To determine inequalities in life expectancy and its changes by place of residence (urban/rural) in Lithuania during 1990-2018. Methods Information on deaths and population numbers for the period of 1990-2018 was obtained from National Mortality Register and Population Register. Life expectancy for males and females of urban and rural populations was calculated using life tables. Changes in the magnitude of life expectancy inequalities by place of residence were assessed using rate differences (urban-rural); while trends in inequalities were estimated by conducting the Joinpoint regression analysis. Results Life expectancy among males and females was longer in urban compared to rural areas throughout the entire study period. Life expectancy increased statistically significantly for urban and rural males and females with the most notable increase for males, especially those living in rural areas (on average by 0.4% per year from 64.1 years in 1990 to 70.05 years in 2018). Inequalities in life expectancy by place of residence decreased statistically significantly among Lithuanian males from 3.48 years in 1990 to 1.39 years in 2018, while among females only the tendency of decrease was estimated. Conclusions Inequalities in life expectancy of males and females by place of residence decreased significantly in Lithuania throughout the period of 1990-2018, mainly due to positive changes in life expectancy among rural males. Key messages Inequalities in life expectancy of males and females by place of residence decreased significantly in Lithuania throughout the period of 1990-2018. Life expectancy increased for Lithuanian urban and rural males and females with the most notable increase for males, especially those living in rural areas.

scholarly journals Older Adults and Opioid Education: Lessons Learned From Experiences in Rural Arkansas

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 54-54
Author(s):  
Robin McAtee ◽  
Leah Tobey ◽  
Corey Hayes ◽  
Laura Spradley ◽  
Sajni Kumpuris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Farm Bureau ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Abstract Nearly one-third of all Medicare participants were prescribed an opioid by their physician in 2015 (AARP, 2017) and in 2017, Arkansas had the 2nd highest opioid prescribing rate in the nation (CDC, 2019). Approaching older adults (OA) about opioids and pain management can be a sensitive topic. Educating and altering long-term treatment with opioids is especially challenging in rural areas where literacy, especially health literacy, is suboptimal. The Arkansas Geriatric Education Collaborative (AGEC) is a HRSA Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program with an objective to improve health outcomes including an emphasis to decrease the misuse and abuse of opioids among older Arkansans. To address this crisis, the AGEC partnered with local leaders such as the AR Drug Director, academia, Department of Health and Human Services, and multiple community based organizations to create age-tailored educational programs. Unique aspects of approaching and educating rural OA about opioids and pain management will be reviewed. Outcomes will be discussed such as their lack of knowledge about: what is an opioid, why they were prescribed, and what are viable alternatives. Also discussed will be lessons learned that resulted in more effective methods of reaching and teaching rural OA. Partnering with the AR Farm Bureau helped the AGEC reach 100’s of farmers in the extremely rural and mostly agricultural areas. Learning to not use the word opioid resulted in more participants and in a more positive attitude and outlook on attempts to change the culture of opioid use, misuse and abuse among older Arkansans.

scholarly journals Reinforcement Learning to Send Reminders at Right Moments in Smartphone Exercise Application: A Feasibility Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6059
Author(s):  
Shihan Wang ◽  
Karlijn Sporrel ◽  
Herke van Hoof ◽  
Monique Simons ◽  
Rémi D. D. de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Healthcare Intervention ◽  
Adaptive Intervention ◽  
Mobile Healthcare ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Application Data ◽  
The Right

Just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) has gained attention recently and previous studies have indicated that it is an effective strategy in the field of mobile healthcare intervention. Identifying the right moment for the intervention is a crucial component. In this paper the reinforcement learning (RL) technique has been used in a smartphone exercise application to promote physical activity. This RL model determines the ‘right’ time to deliver a restricted number of notifications adaptively, with respect to users’ temporary context information (i.e., time and calendar). A four-week trial study was conducted to examine the feasibility of our model with real target users. JITAI reminders were sent by the RL model in the fourth week of the intervention, while the participants could only access the app’s other functionalities during the first 3 weeks. Eleven target users registered for this study, and the data from 7 participants using the application for 4 weeks and receiving the intervening reminders were analyzed. Not only were the reaction behaviors of users after receiving the reminders analyzed from the application data, but the user experience with the reminders was also explored in a questionnaire and exit interviews. The results show that 83.3% reminders sent at adaptive moments were able to elicit user reaction within 50 min, and 66.7% of physical activities in the intervention week were performed within 5 h of the delivery of a reminder. Our findings indicated the usability of the RL model, while the timing of the moments to deliver reminders can be further improved based on lessons learned.

Menstrual Hygiene Practices of Adolescent Girls in Rural Maharashtra

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Sumit Aggarwal ◽  
Deepti Ambalkar ◽  
Jayaprakasam Madhumathi ◽  
Vijay Badge ◽  
Arun Humne
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Sanitary Products ◽  
Sanitary Pads ◽  
The Right

Menstrual practices of adolescent girls in rural parts of India are greatly influenced by taboos and socio-cultural beliefs. In this study, the menstrual hygiene practices and beliefs of 122 adolescent girls between the ages of 13 and 19 years from rural Maharashtra were evaluated by personal interview and questionnaires. None of the girls had the right scientific knowledge about menstruation and were isolated during menstruation. They used cloth or home-made sanitary pads and were at risk of infections. There is a dire need for knowledge dissemination among school children and their families, increased awareness of menstrual hygiene and access to the requisite sanitary products in rural areas.

scholarly journals Intraocular Lens Dislocation after Cataract Surgery in Tambolaka, Southwest Sumba, Indonesia: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Ratna Sitompul
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Intraocular Lens Dislocation ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Iol Dislocation

Intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation is a rare complication of cataract extraction requiring prompt surgery. This case report aims to raise awareness of such cases and the importance of post-surgery follow-up. A 58-year-old female patient was found with anterior IOL dislocation a week after phacoemulsification surgery in her right eye. Visual acuity of the right eye was 1/60 with ciliary injection and IOL dislocation to the anterior chamber of the right eye. The patient underwent surgery of the right eye and the IOL haptic was found to be broken. In this case report, the factors affecting IOL dislocation are axis length, broken IOL haptic, and patient activity that increased intraocular pressure. Cataract extraction surgery, although common, needs to be conducted carefully, and it is important for ophthalmologists and general practitioners to detect this condition, especially in rural areas where facilities are limited, as IOL dislocation could occur and requires immediate treatment to achieve a better result.

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