scholarly journals Рroduction of light fillers on the basis of technogenic raw materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
D. P. Kindzera ◽  
◽  
V. M. Atamaniuk ◽  
Z. Ya. Gnativ ◽  
I. M. Mitin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Velocity Effect ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

In Ukraine, along with the growing demand for tonnage production of light fillers, the need for raw materials is growing, considering that most of the range of light fillers is made from natural raw materials. Thus, a promising direction of utilization of TPP slags and coal concentrate obtained by enrichment of primary coal sludge is there involvement to the production process after preliminary drying. Drying of the thermal power plant slag and the coal concentrate, which are hydraulic mixtures, by the filtration method will reduce energy consumption due to the displacement and removal of significant amount of moisture by the moving thermal agent due to the pressure drop. The results of studies of the thermal agent velocity effect on the drying process duration of TPP slag and coal concentrate, as well as the obtained values of heat transfer coefficients at different velocities of the thermal agent for TPP slag α = 40 ÷ 112 and coal concentrate α = 92,5 ÷ 294 will allow to calculate energy consumption and scientifically substantiate the optimal technological parameters for intensification of the drying process of the charge components for porous fillers production.

Application of slag from thermal power plant for the production of porous filler

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Ihor Mitin ◽  
◽  
Diana Kindzera ◽  
Volodymyr Atamanyuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Porous Filler

The article is devoted to obtaining a porous filler from the slag of the Thermal Power Plant and investigation of the filtration method for the drying of slag and clay as main raw materials for preparing the charge for porous filler production. The possibility of using TPP slag as the raw material for the production of porous filler has been proved. The main benefits of using such wastes in the production process are environmental protection, conservation of raw resources for the production of finished products. According to the results of the research, insignificant values of the pressure drop confirm the application feasibility of the filtration drying as an energy-saving method of the drying of slag and clay for preparing the charge for porous filler production. The influence of the temperature of the drying agent in the range from 313 to 373K on kinetic during filtration drying of slag and clay has been established. Obtained results are useful for the organization and intensification of the filtration drying process of slag and clay as the preliminary stage at the porous fillers production line. The qualitative new porous filler with the bulk density of 230 kg/m3, the specific heat of 0,82 kJ/kg∙K, the thermal conductivity of 0,067 W/m∙K and compressive strength of 27,7 MPa has been obtained which can be used for the production of lightweight concretes.

Analysis of automotive disc brake cooling characteristics

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (8) ◽  
pp. 657-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
G P Voller ◽  
M Tirovic ◽  
R Morris ◽  
P Gibbens
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Thermal Contact ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Disc Brake ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Brake Application ◽  
Cfd Analyses

The aim of this investigation was to study automotive disc brake cooling characteristics experimentally using a specially developed spin rig and numerically using finite element (FE) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. All three modes of heat transfer (conduction, convection and radiation) have been analysed along with the design features of the brake assembly and their interfaces. The spin rig proved to be very valuable equipment; experiments enabled the determination of the thermal contact resistance between the disc and wheel carrier. The analyses demonstrated the sensitivity of this mode of heat transfer to clamping pressure. For convective cooling, heat transfer coefficients were measured and very similar results were obtained from spin rig experiments and CFD analyses. The nature of radiative heat dissipation implies substantial e ects at high temperatures. The results indicate substantial change of emissivity throughout the brake application. The influence of brake cooling parameters on the disc temperature has been investigated by FE modelling of a long drag brake application. The thermal power dissipated during the drag brake application has been analysed to reveal the contribution of each mode of heat transfer.

scholarly journals Performance of falling film plate evaporators in reconstructed multiple-effect evaporation station in sugar factory

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan Zavargo ◽  
Aleksandar Jokic ◽  
Bojana Prodanic ◽  
Jasna Grbic ◽  
Rada Jeftic-Mucibabic
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
European Union ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Falling Film ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients

General trend of free trade in regional level as well as in the direction of European Union has motivated sugar factories located in Serbia to invest into technologies that are more efficient in order to make their products more competitive at the markets in Europe. The aim of this work was to evaluate effects of falling film plate evaporators on the energy consumption of evaporation plant, as well as to validate performance of this type of evaporators. It was found that this type of evaporator decreased energy requirements and in the same time evaporation process was more effective due to high values of heat transfer coefficients. .

scholarly journals ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭНЕРГОТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ПРОЦЕССОВ ОБЕЗВОЖИВАНИЯ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО СЫРЬЯ

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
А. В. Гаврилов ◽  
Ігор Віталійович Безбах ◽  
Всеволод Петрович Мордынский ◽  
Олег Григорьевич Бурдо
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Microwave Range ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Dairy Food ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Tomato Paste ◽  
Vacuum Microwave

Рассмотрены мировые тенденции на рынке сушеных продуктов и концентратов. Анализируются энерготехнологии основных процессов обезвоживания – выпарки и сушки. Сравниваются современные технологи обезвоживания и обсуждаются научно-технические противоречия процессов выпарки и сушки. Показаны энергетические преимущества выпарки и ограничения по конечному влагосодержанию готового продукта. Приведены модели материальных балансов при комбинированных технологиях «выпарка - сушка». Представлены инновационные разработки техники обезвоживания – термомеханический агрегат и микроволновой вакуум-выпарной аппарат. Обсуждаются конструктивные варианты агрегата, возможности решать в нем параллельно задачи дробления, плющения, перемешивания и транспортировки продукта. Обоснованы механизмы интенсификации процесса тепломассопереноса в термомеханическом агрегате. Приведены значения коэффициентов теплопередачи в термомеханических агрегатах при обработке сырья в консервных, молочных, пищеконцентратных и винодельческих производствах. Проведено сравнение удельных энергетических затрат в термомеханическом агрегате и в традиционных ленточных и барабанных сушилках. Исследуются инновационные технологии обезвоживания в электромагнитных полях. Показаны перспективы сушилок с электромагнитным подводом энергии микроволнового диапазона. Исследуются процессы выпаривания в традиционных аппаратах и в вакуумных микроволновых.  Приведены модели трансформации, транспорта и потерь энергии в традиционной технологии производства томатной пасты и в установке с термомеханическим агрегатом с ротационным термосифоном. Показано, что инновационная технология позволяет на 40% интенсифицировать процесс выпарки и на 35% снизить удельные расходы энергии. Обоснованы перспективы ступенчатых схем обезвоживания «выпарка - сушка». Проведено развитие методов энергетического менеджмента для исследования энергетической эффективности на основе нового числа подобия – числа энергетического действия.  The world tendencies in the dried products and concentrates market are considered. The energy technologies of the basic processes of dehydration (evaporation and drying) are analyzed. Modern dehydration technologies are compared and the scientific and technical contradictions of the processes of evaporation and drying are discussed. The energy advantages of the evaporation and the limitations by the final moisture content of the finished product are shown. Models of material balances with combined technologies of "evaporation - drying" are given. Innovative developments in dehydration engineering are presented - a thermomechanical unit and a microwave vacuum evaporator. The constructive variants of the unit are discussed, the possibilities of solving in it the tasks of crushing, flattening, mixing and transporting the product in parallel. The mechanisms of intensification of the process of heat and mass transfer in a thermomechanical aggregate are justified. The values of the heat transfer coefficients in thermomechanical aggregates are given for the processing of raw materials in canning, dairy, food-concentrates and wineries. The specific energy costs in a thermomechanical aggregate and in traditional belt and cylinder dryers are compared. Innovative technologies of dehydration in electromagnetic fields are investigated. The prospects of dryers with electromagnetic energy supply of the microwave range are shown. Evaporation processes are studied in conventional apparatuses and in vacuum microwave ones. Models of transformation, transport and energy losses in the traditional technology of tomato paste production and in a device with a thermomechanical unit with a rotary thermosyphon are presented. It is shown that the innovative technology allows to intensify the process of evaporation by 40% and to reduce the energy consumption by 35%. The prospects of stepwise dehydration schemes of "evaporation - drying" are substantiated. Energy management methods have been developed to study energy efficiency based on a new number of similarity – the number of energy actions.

scholarly journals Processes of heat and mass transfer during drying of red beetroot

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Zhanna Petrova ◽  
◽  
Kateryna Samoilenko ◽  
Vitaly Vishnevsky
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Drying Process

Red beetroot is the main raw material which has a high content of betanine with antioxidant properties. An important emphasis in the processing of antioxidant raw materials by drying is to reduce energy consumption for the dehydration process, the maximum preservation of biologically active substances, and to reduce the cost of the final product. Drying is a complex and energy-intensive process. Therefore, to optimize energy consumption during drying and selection of rational modes of dehydration, it is necessary to apply the calculated analysis of heat and mass transfer on the basis of adequate mathematical models. Calculated and experimental results are compared. In general, the comparison of the results of numerical modeling of convection drying processes of the red beetroot sample with the experimental results showed their rather satisfactory qualitative agreement. The calculation model can be used to approximate the characteristics of the drying process of red beetroot, in particular the time required for drying. The obtained results of calorimetric studies allow stating that with correctly selected compositions, not only the components of native raw materials are stabilized, but also the drying process is intensified with the reduction of energy consumption to process.

Automotive painting process: Minimizing energy consumption by using adjusted convective heat transfer coefficients

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 105479
Author(s):  
Esley Silva Cavalcante ◽  
Luís Gonzaga Sales Vasconcelos ◽  
Gilvan Wanderley de Farias Neto ◽  
Wagner Brandão Ramos ◽  
Romildo Pereira Brito
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer ◽  
Convective Heat ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Painting Process ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients

scholarly journals Estimation of the Biot Number Using Genetic Algorithms: Application for the Drying Process

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Górnicki ◽  
Radosław Winiczenko ◽  
Agnieszka Kaleta
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Biot Number ◽  
Moisture Diffusion ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm

The Biot number informs researchers about the controlling mechanisms employed for heat or mass transfer during the considered process. The mass transfer coefficients (and heat transfer coefficients) are usually determined experimentally based on direct measurements of mass (heat) fluxes or correlation equations. This paper presents the method of Biot number estimation. For estimation of the Biot number in the drying process, the multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) was developed. The simultaneous minimization of mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) and the maximization of the coefficient of determination R2 between the drying model and experimental data were considered. The Biot number can be calculated from the following equations: Bi = 0.8193exp(-6.4951T−1) (and moisture diffusion coefficient from D/s2 = 0.00704exp(-2.54T−1)) (RMSE = 0.0672, MAE = 0.0535, R2 = 0.98) or Bi = 1/0.1746log(1193847T) (D/s2 = 0.0075exp(-6T−1)) (RMSE = 0.0757, MAE = 0.0604, R2 = 0.98). The conducted validation gave good results.

Heat Transfer to Supercritical Water in Advanced Power Engineering Applications: An Industrial Scale Test Rig

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit A. Schatte ◽  
Andreas Kohlhepp ◽  
Tobias Gschnaidtner ◽  
Christoph Wieland ◽  
Hartmut Spliethoff
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients

Heat transfer to supercritical water in heated tubes and channels is relevant for steam generators in conventional power plants and future concepts for supercritical nuclear and solar-thermal power plants. A new experimental facility, the high pressure evaporation rig, setup at the Institute for Energy Systems (Technische Universität München) aims to provide heat transfer data to fill the existing knowledge gaps at these conditions. The test rig consists of a closed-loop high pressure cycle, in which de-ionized water is fed to an instrumented test section heated by the application of direct electrical current. It is designed to withstand a maximum pressure of 380 bar at 580 °C in the test section. The maximum power rating of the system is 1 MW. The test section is a vertical tube (material: AISI A213/P91) with a 7000 mm heated length, a 15.7 mm internal diameter, and a wall thickness of 5.6 mm. It is equipped with 70 thermocouples distributed evenly along its length. It enables the determination of heat transfer coefficients in the supercritical region at various steady-state or transient conditions. In a first series of tests, experiments are conducted to investigate normal and deteriorated heat transfer (DHT) under vertical upward flow conditions. The newly generated data and literature data are used to evaluate different correlations available for modeling heat transfer coefficients at supercritical pressures.

scholarly journals Study of Influence the Fluidized Bed Apparatus Geometrical Characteristics on Drying Process Technological Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
A. A. Shurak ◽  
◽  
A. A. Shagarova ◽  
L. M. Mansur ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Geometrical Characteristics ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
New Energy

Studies on the influence the fluidized bed apparatus geometrical characteristics on the technological parameters of the drying process. Algorithm and program of calculating tabular processor Microsoft Excel has been developed. Modeling results in the form of graphical dependencies, characterizing the influence of ratio of apparatus for technological process parameters are presented. Trend of energy consumption with reduced height of the separation space apparatus that taken into account in the development of new energy-efficient designs of dryers is installed.

scholarly journals Integrated use of technogenic raw materials in cement technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
L.P. Chernyak ◽  
L.I. Melnyk ◽  
N.O. Dorogan ◽  
I.A. Goloukh
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

This work used a combination of modern physico-chemical research methods with standardized testing of technological and operational properties of raw materials, clinker, cement and compositions with its application. Results over of research of the silicate systems with rice husk and ash-fly as technogenic raw material for making of cement clinker are driven. The features of the chemical-mineralogical composition, phase transformations during burning and astringent properties of material at the use of 42,5-50,5 % industry wastes in composition initial raw material mixtures are shown. The object of the study were raw material mixtures for the production of Portland cement clinker based on the systems of chalk - clay - man-made raw materials and chalk - man-made raw materials. The possibility of replacing exhaustible and non-renewable natural raw materials with a complex of multi-tonnage wastes of agro-industry and heat energy, which meets the objectives of expanding the raw material base of cement production, resource conservation and environmental protection. Peculiarities of phase formation during firing of silicate systems of chalk-polymineral clay and chalk-technogenic raw materials taking into account changes in the quantitative ratio of components, in particular rice husk and ash-removal of thermal power plants are noted.

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