POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY ADAPTIVE AGROPHUTOCENOZIS ON SLOPING LANDS OF THE STEPPE TRANS-URALS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.А. Idrisov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Maximum Productivity ◽  
Sloping Lands ◽  
Natural Herb

The correct construction of agrophytocenoses on the slopes of the steppe trans-Urals helped to create maximum productivity. In the arid climate, the most productive were the double mixtures of alfalfa with brittle sitnik, wheatgrass is syd, providing an average of 41.6 and 40.2 quintals per hectare (c/ha) of hay, 32.1 and 31.0 GJ/ha OE (exchange energy per hectare), 4.5 and 4.3 quintals per hectare of boiled protein (c/ha) over 5 years. Single-species steppe ecotypes, brittle sieve and wheatgrass sieve in productivity slightly gave way to double components, providing respectively hay- 32.2 and 37.2 cents per hectare, exchange energy 22.2 and 25.7 GJ/ha, digested protein 1.93 and 2.53 c/ha. The enrichment of agrophytocense by the legume component allowed to increase the metabolic energy content to the level of 32.1 and 31.0-GJ/ha, digested protein to 4.5 and 4.3 quintals per hectare, which is 14 times the nutritional value of the metabolic energy, the digested protein is 10 times higher than the natural herb.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF GRAIN-HAYLAGE FROM LUPIN, OAT AND SUDAN GRASS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Valentina Ruckaya ◽  
Alexander Sorokin ◽  
Elena Afonina ◽  
Natal'ya ZAYCEVA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Sowing Period

The average data for 2018–2019 are presented for yield, dry matter content in grain-haylage mass, nutritional value of test grain-haylage samples produced from plant mass of white lupin, oat and Sudan grass from single and mixed cenosis of different sowing times. The grain-haylage mass was harvested in the phase of brilliantly ripening lupin bean, milky-waxy ripeness of oats and the end of flowering of the Sudan grass. It’s revealed that variants of the second sowing date — 2 decade of May — have the best yield of grain-haylage mass and its dry matter content. The yield of grain-haylage mass in the best variants of the second sowing period exceeded by 7–8 t/ha. According to the nutritional value of grain silage samples (the content of metabolic energy, crude protein, crude ash and carotene), the best results were obtained in most variants of the first sowing period. In content of the metabolic energy and crude protein of 1 kg of dry matter of grain-haylage, the best were variants of the single-species cenosis of lupine and its mixture with oats of the first sowing period. Variants of single-species sowing of lupine and Sudan grass were distinguished by the content of carotene.

scholarly journals Dynamics of energy and protein nutritional value of roughage in the Republic of Tatarstan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.O. Krupin ◽  
Sh.K. Shakirov ◽  
M.Sh. Tagirov ◽  
A.R. Khairullina ◽  
A.A. Askarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
The Republic

The aim of the research was to analyze the dynamics of the energy and protein nutritional value of hay from cereal and leguminous herbs produced in the Republic of Tatarstan in the period from 1993 to 2018. The results of analysis of 560 samples of hay from different agroclimatic zones of the republic are presented. It was found that in the dry matter of both cereal and leguminous hay, the content of metabolizable energy practically did not change. The average content of metabolic energy in 1 kg of dry matter of cereal hay was 7.92 MJ / kg. The average deviation from the norm was minus 2.62%. The average content of metabolizable energy in 1 kg of dry matter of legume hay was 9.65 MJ / kg, which is 21.84% higher than in cereal hay. The average excess of the norm for this indicator was 13.77%. The level of net energy of lactation in cereal hay remains unchanged throughout the study, and for legumes there is a slight tendency to increase this indicator. The average value of the net energy content of lactation in 1 kg of dry matter of cereal hay was 3.72 MJ / kg, which deviates from the norm by minus 23.95%. The average content of net energy of lactation in 1 kg of dry matter of legume hay was 4.51 MJ / kg, which is 21.24% higher than in cereal hay. The deviation from the norm for the entire studied period of time was minus 8.34%. In the period from 1993 to 2018, a tendency for an increase in the content of digestible protein in dry matter was established, more pronounced in legume hay. The average long-term content of digestible protein in 1 kg of dry matter of cereal hay was 62.64 g / kg, while in legume hay its content was 70.10% higher (106.55 g / kg). The average deviation of this indicator from the norm in cereal hay was 15.04%, and in legumes - 8.51%.

Fine-scale taxonomic and temporal variability in the energy density of invertebrate prey of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

2020 ◽  
Vol 655 ◽  
pp. 185-198
Author(s):  
J Weil ◽  
WDP Duguid ◽  
F Juanes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Temporal Differences ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

Variation in the energy content of prey can drive the diet choice, growth and ultimate survival of consumers. In Pacific salmon species, obtaining sufficient energy for rapid growth during early marine residence is hypothesized to reduce the risk of size-selective mortality. In order to determine the energetic benefit of feeding choices for individuals, accurate estimates of energy density (ED) across prey groups are required. Frequently, a single species is assumed to be representative of a larger taxonomic group or related species. Further, single-point estimates are often assumed to be representative of a group across seasons, despite temporal variability. To test the validity of these practices, we sampled zooplankton prey of juvenile Chinook salmon to investigate fine-scale taxonomic and temporal differences in ED. Using a recently developed model to estimate the ED of organisms using percent ash-free dry weight, we compared energy content of several groups that are typically grouped together in growth studies. Decapod megalopae were more energy rich than zoeae and showed family-level variability in ED. Amphipods showed significant species-level variability in ED. Temporal differences were observed, but patterns were not consistent among groups. Bioenergetic model simulations showed that growth rate of juvenile Chinook salmon was almost identical when prey ED values were calculated on a fine scale or on a taxon-averaged coarse scale. However, single-species representative calculations of prey ED yielded highly variable output in growth depending on the representative species used. These results suggest that the latter approach may yield significantly biased results.

Productivity of forage grasses affected by microbial preparations in the Vologda region

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
А.В. Платонов ◽  
И.И. Рассохина ◽  
Л.В. Сухарева ◽  
Г.Ю. Лаптев ◽  
В.Н. Большаков
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Feed Unit

Использование микробных препаратов — перспективный путь повышения продуктивности сельскохозяйственных растений. В статье приведены результаты изучения влияния биопрепаратов, созданных на основе живых штаммов микроорганизмов Bacillus subtilis («Натурост»), Lactobacillus buchneri («Натурост-Актив») и Bacillus megaterium («Натурост-М»), на продуктивность и питательную ценность райграса однолетнего и клеверо-тимофеечной смеси. Исследование проводили в мелкоделяночном полевом опыте во ФГБУН ВолНЦ РАН (Вологодская область) в 2019–2020 годах. Под влиянием обработки биопрепаратами выход зелёной массы райграса возрастал на 13,7–65,5% в зависимости от опытного варианта. Продуктивность травосмеси клевера и тимофеевки увеличилась на 13,1–46,6% в зависимости от используемого биопрепарата, укоса и года исследования. Оценка питательной ценности райграса показала, что обработка биопрепаратами способствовала повышению содержания кормовых единиц в сухом веществе на 6,5%, также несколько увеличилось содержание обменной энергии, сырого и переваримого протеина, сахаров и жиров. Питательная ценность клеверо-тимофеечной смеси по содержанию кормовых единиц под влиянием биопрепаратов увеличилась на 15%. В опытах с райграсом бόльшая продуктивность зелёной массы получена при использовании препарата «Натурост-Актив», в опытах с клеверо-тимофеечной смесью отмечена бόльшая эффективность препарата «Натурост». В исследованиях 2019 года повышение питательной ценности зелёной массы у обеих культур в большей степени происходило под влиянием препарата, созданного на основе бактерий Bacillus megaterium. В 2020 году более выраженное увеличение содержания кормовых единиц, обменной энергии, сырого протеина, переваримого протеина и жиров происходило при внесении препарата на основе бактерий Bacillus subtilis. Microbial preparations were shown to be promising when increasing crop productivity. This article reports on the effect of biopreparations containing living strains of Bacillus subtilis (“Naturost”), Lactobacillus buchneri (“Naturost-Aktiv”) and Bacillus megaterium (“Naturost-M”) on the yield and nutritional value of annual ryegrass and clover-timothy mixture. Microplot field trial took place in 2019–2020. Biopreparations improved green mass yield of ryegrass by 13.7–65.5%. The productivity of the clover-timothy mixture increased by 13.1–46.6% affected by biopreparations, cut and year. Treatment with biopreparations increased feed unit content by 6.5% in dry matter (DM) as well as exchange energy, crude and digestible protein, sugar and fat. Biopreparations improved feed unit content of the clover-timothy mixture by 15%. Ryegrass produced the highest yield of green mass under “Naturost-Aktiv” application, while “Naturost” was more effective for the clover-timothy mixture. In 2019 Bacillus megaterium had the best effect on the nutritional value of crop green mass. The contents of feed units, exchange energy, crude and digestible proteins as well as fat grew significantly after Bacillus subtilis application in 2020.

Influence of cutting management on productivity and nutritional value of perennial grasses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л. Евстратова ◽  
Г. Евсеева ◽  
С. Смирнов ◽  
А. Камова
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Smooth Brome ◽  
Cutting Management ◽  
The Republic

В условиях Республики Карелия в 20152018 годах проведены трёхлетние научные исследования по определению оптимальных режимов скашивания и оценке их влияния на продуктивные и качественные характеристики бобовозлаковых травостоев с включением интродуцированных культур Medicago varia Mart. (сорт Таисия) и Festulolium F. Aschers.et Graebn. (сорт ВИК 90). Установлено, что в агроценозах массовая доля люцерны изменчивой при двуукосном режиме скашивания динамично возрастала с 4,029,1 до 34,442,2, а при трёхукосном с 3,927,6 до 48,860,3. Традиционный бобовый компонент Trifolium hybridum L. (сорт Первенец), наоборот, снизил своё участие в травостое с 22,451,4 до 1,315,3 и с 27,440,0 до 0,713,9 соответственно. Фестулолиум доминировал в травостое при трёхкратном скашивании в 1й и 2й годы пользования (56,1 и 69,5) и при двукратном во 2й и 3й годы (58,6 и 54,0). В среднем за 3 года как при двух, так и при трёхукосном режиме скашивания высокие показатели урожайности сухой массы (7,559,13 т/га), энергетической (6,2110,09 тыс. корм. ед./га 79,794,7 ГДж/га) и протеиновой (0,811,31 т/га) продуктивности обеспечили травостои: кострец безостый люцерна изменчивая клевер гибридный фестулолиум люцерна изменчивая клевер гибридный. Рассматриваемые значения превысили контроль (клеверозлаковый травостой) в 1,11,7 раза. Независимо от состава фитоценоза трёхкратное использование травостоев имело преимущество (на 18,661,7) только по сбору сырого протеина. В типичных погодных условиях полевого сезона лучшие результаты получены при двукратном режиме скашивания бобовозлаковых травостоев, а в экстремальных при трёхкратном. Последний обеспечил более равномерное распределение урожая зелёной массы по укосам и высокие показатели питательности корма. The investigations took place in the Republic of Karelia in 20152018. It was aimed to test cutting managements and their influence on grass productivity and quality and determine the optimal one. Legumegramineous ecosystems contained Medicago varia Mart. (variety Taisiya) and Festulolium F. Aschers.et Graebn. (variety VIK 90). The proportion of bastard alfalfa increased from 4.029.1 to 34.442.2 under two cuts, and from 3.927.6 to 48.860.3 under three cuts. The fraction of conventional grass component Trifolium hybridum L. (variety Pervenets) reduced from 22.451.4 to 1.315.3 and from 27.440.0 to 0.713.9, respectively. Festulolium prevailed in the 1st and 2nd years under three cuts (56.1 and 69.5) as well as in the 2nd and 3rd years under two cuts (58.6 and 54.0). Mixtures of smooth brome bastard alfalfa alsike clover festulolium bastard alfalfa alsike clover had the highest dry mass yield (7.559.13 t ha1), energy content (6.2110.09 thousand feed units ha1 79.794.7 GJ ha1) and protein concentration (0.811.31 t ha1). These values exceeded the ones of the control (clovergramineous mixture) by 1.11.7 times. Three cuts provided 18.661.7 more protein. Two cuts gave better results under typical regional climate, but three cuts were advantageous under unfavorable conditions.

scholarly journals Kanatlı Beslenmesinde Dut Yaprağının (Morus alba) Kullanılması

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Tugay Ayasan ◽  
Mikail Baylan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Mulberry Leaf ◽  
Amino Acids Composition ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
The Tropics

The increasing costs of conventional feedstuffs like corn, soybean meal and fish meal for poultry diets is pushing the need to find less expensive alternatives. Mulberry grows well in the tropics and subtropics, and is reported to have excellent nutritional value. Mulberry leaves are very rich in protein (15-35%), minerals (2.42-4.71% Ca, 0.23-0.97% P), 1130-2240 kcal/kg metabolic energy (ME). The amino acids composition of mulberry leaf meal indicates it is a good source of essential amino acids especially lysine (1.80%) and leucine (2.58%). In this paper, studies made on the mulberry leaf used in nutrition of poultries have been reviewed.

scholarly journals Yield of green fodder of annual mixtures with participation of sudanese grass in conditions of Polisya

1970 ◽  
pp. 161-171
Author(s):  
O.V. Vishnevska ◽  
O.V. Markina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Fertilization System ◽  
Feed Unit

Purpose. To study the features of the formation, growth, yield and nutritional value of mixtures involving Sudanese grass in the production of green fodder with different component composition and fertilization system. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical. Results. According to the results of the studies, it was found that the dominant component of cenoses, the Sudanese grass, forms the height of plants at the level of 87-151 cm, the components of the mixtures – 48,4-95,9 cm. The fertilization system contributed to the linear development of cenosis plants by 9-39% in Sudanese grass and 6-62% in the components of mixtures, compared with the control options. The results of the studies of the cenosis productivity with participation of Sudanese grass, which on the sod-podzolic soils of Polisya amounted to 16,2-44,8 t/ha of greenery, or 3,3-9,1 t/ha of dry weight, the efficiency of the fertilization system was up to 38%. The yield of nutrients was 2.54-7.64 t/ha of feed units and 0.47-1.41 t/ha of digestible protein, the fertilizer system increased the yield of nutrients by 6-72%. The feed unit is provided with digestible protein at the level of 168.7-200.6 g. It was found that the content of exchangeable energy in 1 kg of feed obtained from mixtures is 9.6-10.4 mJ. According to the competitiveness coefficient (K = 1.47-2.74), the optimal fertilization system for these cenoses was selected – N16Р16К16. Conclusions. In terms of productivity (16.2-44.8 t/ha of green, or 3.3-9.1 t/ha of dry, weight) and nutrition (168.7-200.6 g feed unit digestible protein availability, metabolic energy content – 9,6-10,4 mJ per 1 kg of feed), multicomponent cenoses with the participation of Sudanese grass for the production of green feed in the Polisya zone have been developed.

scholarly journals Affordable Nutrient Density: Toward Economic Indicators of Sustainable Healthy Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9300
Author(s):  
Adam Drewnowski ◽  
Nicole Darmon ◽  
Pablo Monsivais
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Healthy Diets

Economics represents one of the four dimensions of sustainable nutrition. Affordable nutrient density is a key indicator of access to sustainable healthy diets. While the nutritional value of foods is assessed using nutrient density metrics, affordability metrics assess energy content and nutritional value of foods in relation to their cost. To be nutrition-relevant, such economic indicators are normally expressed in terms of monetary cost per calorie or per nutrient, as opposed to food weight. Affordability of healthy foods can also be related to the relative cost of staple grains and linked to local wages, incomes, and community purchasing power. The same concepts can be extended to the carbon cost of food production. In parallel with the affordability metrics, greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental costs ought to be calculated per 1000 kcal or per nutrient rather than per kilogram of food. Foods and food patterns need to be nutrient-rich, affordable, culturally appropriate, and appealing, and with low impact on natural resources. In this perspective article, we critically reflect on the linkages between the economic and health dimensions of sustainable nutrition and discuss some of the inherent tensions and synergies among them. Finally, we propose an approach to better integrate economic and sustainability considerations in the nutrition policy. Policy goals should prioritize balancing the nutritional value of food against its monetary or environmental cost.

scholarly journals Comparison of analysis and the nutritional value of fresh common carp, frozen and southern canned tuna

10.5219/1143 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Aberoumand ◽  
Afsaneh Fazeli
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Fish Fillet ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Canned Tuna ◽  
Canned Fish ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Frozen Fish

Freezing and canning are suitable methods to delay the spoilage of marine products and improve their physico-chemical and organoleptic properties. The fish were transported to the ice in proportion to 1 to 3 (w/w) inside the boxes, and then moved wastes. The purpose of this project is to analyse and to compare the nutritional value of fresh, frozen the fish and canned tuna fish. Nutrient composition and pH of the fresh fish fillet and moisture and ash contents and other nutrient composition were measured by the standard AOAC method. The results showed that the percentage of frozen fish protein was 17.41 and the highest moisture percentage for frozen fish with 72.23. The level of energy (kcal) of canned fish with 393.36 kcal was the highest level. The pH of the canned fish with 7.28 was the highest pH. The percentage of drip and WHC in frozen fillet found 6.7% and 6% respectively. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that despite the low amounts of protein and ash in canned fish, the fat and energy content was the highest. The protein content of the fish is frozen, and its pH indicates that it was better than fresh fish from point of quality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document