RESPONSE OF SIX CHILI VARIETIES TO ANTHRACNOSE DISEASE CAUSED BY Colletotrichum acutatum AND C. gloeosporiodes

Response of six chili varieties to anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporiodes. Chili is one of the horticultural commodities with high economic value. Chili production is constrained by anthracnose diseases. Losses due to anthracnose can reduce the fruits quality and yields lose. This study aims to determine the resistance of several chili varieties to anthracnose. Genetic material was used six varieties of chili. Ripe chilies were inoculated with two types of Colletotrichum isolates, i.e. C. acutatum and C. gleosporides. The experiment was arranged in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor were chili varieties: Laris, SSP, Habanero, Cibinong, Ekasari, and Kopay. The second factor was two types of fungal isolates. Observations were made on the incidence and severity of disease due to anthracnose. The results showed that both fungal isolates were effective in causing anthracnose disease in chilies. Habanero was very susceptible to anthracnose. Laris and Ekasari were moderately resistant to anthracnose diseases. These findings are important to develop new Capsicum cultivars that are more adaptive to anthracnose disease.

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Resistance Response of Maize Germplasm to Downy Mildew [Peronosclerospora philipinensis]

Buletin Plasma Nutfah ◽

10.21082/blpn.v24n1.2018.p43-52 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Syahrir Pakki ◽

Mappaganggang Mappaganggang

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Block Design ◽

Susceptible Variety ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Average Intensity ◽

Standard Score ◽

Resistance Response ◽

Maize Germplasm ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Moderately Resistant

Two experiments to study responses of resistance of maize germplasm to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora philipinensis) have been conducted. Both experiments were arranged in randomized block design with two replication. The treatments in each experiment (2014 and 2016) were 70 maize accessions. The accessions were planted in planting distant of 75 cm × 20 cm, in 5 m rows, resulting in 20 plants per row. In every 10 rows, two check varieties were planted, i.e. one susceptible and one resistant variety. Ten days prior to planting, the soil was fertilized with mixed fertilizers consisted of urea, ZA, SP36, and KCl at a dose of 100, 100, 100, and 100 kg/ha, respectively. Fertilization II and III was given at 30 days after planting, and 45 days after planting with a dose of 100 kg urea/ha. As a source of inoculum downy mildew, around the repeated plot was planted with varieties Anoman variety (susceptible variety) that was inoculated with a suspension of downy mildew pathogen. Observation was conducted at 25, 35, and 55 days after planting, with the standard score of resistant to downy mildew, followed: 0–10% = resistant, 11–25% = moderately resistant, 26–50% = moderately susceptible, >50% = susceptible. The result of the experiments showed that there were 5 accessions resistant to downy mildew (P. philipinensis), i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-30-3, 664, 60, 572, and 554 with the intensity of downy mildew infection ranged from 5 to 10%. Twelve other accessions were classified as moderately resistant, i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-98-2, 440×MR4-9-98-4 CML, CML 440×MR4-9-124-1, 66, 71, 319, 108, 73, 48, 105, 554, and 682 with intensity of infection ranged from 13 to 25%. At the same experiments, the average intensity of downy mildew infection on susceptible check varieties reached 100 percent.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTAGONISTIC FUNGI Gliocladium sp. AND Trichoderma harzianum TO CONTROL Colletotrichum spp. on chili (Capsicum annuum L.)

Agrivet ◽

10.31315/agrivet.v26i1.4306 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Siti Dailah ◽

Mofit Eko Poerwanto ◽

Supono Budi Sutoto

Keyword(s):

Direct Method ◽

Block Design ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Antagonistic Fungi ◽

Anthracnose Disease ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Three Samples ◽

Colletotrichum Spp ◽

The Mean

The productivity of chili in terms of both quality and quantity is suppressed by the attacks of anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. Pesticides is commonly used to control the disease. Researched was conducted to determine the antagonistic fungi and the effective dose in inhibiting the growth of the Colletotrichum spp. Antagonistic tests were performed in vivo using the direct method with three replicates. Inhibition test was arranged in a Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with 7 treatments: Control, Gliocladium sp (150, 250, and 350 mL/plant) and T. harzianum (150, 250, and 350 mL/plant) with four replicates and three samples out of 20 plants per treatment. The results showed that the percentage of inhibition of T. harzianum against Colletotrichum sp. is 55% while Gliocladium sp. is 70.33% in antagonistic test. The mean of disease intensity at 11 up to 32 DAI on control is 5.61 ± 0.71% up to 20.30 ± 1.35 % respectively. It is significantly higher than Gliocladium sp. 350 mL/Plant (1.94 ± 0.45 % up to 11.15 ± 0.87 %), T. harzianum 350 mL/Plant (1.10 ± 0.58 % up to 8.68 ± 0.91 %), and T. harzianum 250 mL/Plant (2.28 ± 0.43 % up to 8.75 ± 0.79 %). No significant different is observed on mean of fresh weight of red chili fruit yield per plant. T. harzianum and Gliocladium sp. fungi are effective in controlling the attack of anthracnose disease in chili. The most efficient dose to control anthracnose disease is the application of T. Harzianum or Gliocladium sp at the dose of 250 mL/plant.Key Words: Chilli, Anthracnose, Gliocladium, Trichoderma, Colletotrichum.

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RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN CABAI MERAH TERHADAP BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI GARAM PADA INCEPTISOL JATINANGOR

Composite: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian ◽

10.37577/composite.v3i01.299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ibnu Rizki Perdana ◽

Mieke Rochimi S ◽

Pujawati Suryatmana

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Economic Value ◽

Soil Salinization ◽

Marginal Lands ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Nacl Concentration ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Saline Land

Chili (Capsicum annum L) was one of the vegetable commodities that have a significant economic value. Farmland narrowed due to land conversion led to a shift of fertile agricultural lands into marginal lands such as saline land. This research aimed to determine respond of chili plant growth to salinity stress in Inceptisols. The experiment was conducted in August-October 2020 with located at Ciparanje Experimental field of Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency. This research used randomized block design using four level treatment of NaCl concentration: 0 dS/m (a0), 2 dS/m (a1), 4 dS/m (a2), and 6 dS/m (a3). The result showed that there was no significant between treatment soil salinization of plant growth parameters like plant height and shoot root ratio but significant of number of leaves at 7 day after plant and canopy width at 28 day after plant on treatment salinization 6 dS/m.

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Genetics and expected selection gain for growth traits in Eugenia dysenterica DC. populations

Bragantia ◽

10.1590/s0006-87052009000300009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 629-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ananda Virginia de Aguiar ◽

Roland Vencovsky ◽

Lázaro José Chaves ◽

Mara Fernandes Moura ◽

Lizz Kezzy de Morais

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Germplasm Collection ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Seedling Seed Orchard ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Eugenia Dysenterica

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of quantitative traits in a living germplasm collection of Eugenia dysenterica. The genetic material consisted of 110 progenies derived from 10 natural Eugenia dysenterica subpopulations sampled in the southeastern region of the state of Goiás. The experiment was established in a complete randomized block design, with 110 treatments, four replications and one tree per plot. The study variables were total height, stem diameter and respective growth rates. After the analysis of variance some genetic parameters were estimated. The levels of genetic variation in the collection were high and the highest proportion was found within subpopulations. Highest coefficients of heritability and genetic variation were observed in subpopulations from the counties Catalão, Três Ranchos, Cristalina and Senador Canedo. Considering the promising expected progress for growth traits, this collection can be converted into an unrogued seedling seed orchard, aiming the production of improved seed.

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Kajian Penggunaan Biourine Sapi dan Ekstrak Bawang Merah Terhadap Sifat Agronomi Tanaman Kubis (Brasicca oleracea L.) Dataran Rendah

Agrifarm : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian ◽

10.24903/ajip.v7i2.434 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Tutik Nugrahini ◽

Asiah Wati ◽

Dwi Indriani

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Economic Value ◽

Brown Sugar ◽

Onion Extract ◽

East Kalimantan ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Control Water

Cabbage (Brasicca oleracea L.) is one type of vegetable plant from the Brassicaceae family. This plant is a source of nutrients that contain nutrients, vitamins, minerals and fiber for the human body. And has economic value. Cabbage cultivation is influenced by the types of cultivated varieties that are in accordance with growing conditions. In general, cabbage plants grow on highlands. Along with advances in plant breeding technology, cabbage plants are available that can adapt to the lowlands and technically attempt to increase production by fertilizing. The study aimed to determine the effect of beef biourine, red onion extract and beef biourine and red onion extract on the agronomic properties of cabbage plants. The study was conducted for 4 months, from February to June 2018. The location of the study was carried out in the Sempaja Timur Village, Samarinda City, East Kalimantan Province. cabbage seeds, top soil, manure, husks, NPK fertilizer, cow urine, empon-empon, soybeans, brown sugar, shallots. The design used in this study is Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 treatments. The first treatment was beef biourine (S) with 4 levels, namely with 3 replications: s0: control (water), s1: 25% concentration of cow biourine, s2: 75% concentration of bovine biourine, s3: 100% concentration of bovine biourine and second treatment red onion extract (B) with 4 levels, namely: b0: control (water), b1: 25% concentration of red onion extract, b2: 75% concentration of red onion extract, b3: 100% concentration of shallot extract. The results of research on bovine biourine influenced plant height, number of leaves at ages 7, 14, 21, 28.35 and 42 days after planting. The weight of the crop with the best results at the level of b2 (75% biourine cow) weighing 596.58 grams, onion extract affects plant height, number of leaves at 7, 14, 21, 28.35 and 42 hst, crop weight with the best results at the m2 level (75% red onion extract) with a weight of 567.14 grams and the interaction of the treatment of beef biourine and shallots affects plant height, number of leaves at the ages of 7, 14, 21, 28.35 and 42 days and days formed at the level b2m2 (75% beef biourine and 75 red onion extracts).

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KETAHANAN BEBERAPA AKSESI KAPAS TERHADAP HAMA PENGISAP DAUN Amrasca biguttula (ISHIDA)

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v13n3.2007.81-87 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

I G.A.A. INDRAYANI ◽

SIWI SUMARTINI ◽

B. HELIYANTO B. HELIYANTO

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Block Design ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Plant Spacing ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Mental Problems ◽

Moderately Resistant

ABSTRAK Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) adalah serangga hama pengisap daun yang sangat potensial menurunkan produktivitas kapas. Pengendaliannya secara kimiawi menimbulkan banyak masalah lingkungan, seperti pencemaran dan peningkatan resistensi hama terhadap insektisida kimia sintetis. Salah satu solusi dalam masalah tersebut adalah penggunaan varietas tahan (resisten) yang juga merupakan bagian dari pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) pada kapas. Penelitian ketahanan beberapa aksesi kapas terhadap A. biguttula (Ishida) dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat di Asembagus, Situbondo, mulai Januari hingga Desember 2006. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui ketahanan beberapa aksesi kapas terhadap serangan hama pengisap daun, A. biguttula. Sebagai perlakuan adalah 30 aksesi kapas yang ditanam dalam plot berukuran 10 m x 3 m, dengan jarak tanam 100 cm x 25 cm, satu tanaman per lobang. Setiap aksesi disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah nimfa A. biguttula per daun, jumlah bulu daun per cm 2 luas daun, dan posisi bulu terhadap lamina (tegak/rebah), serta skor kerusakan tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap aksesi kapas berpotensi terserang A. biguttula, meskipun tingkat populasi hama ini tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antar aksesi. Terjadi korelasi negatif (R 2 = 0,2425) antara jumlah bulu daun dan populasi nimfa A. biguttula dan antara jumlah bulu daun dan skor kerusakan tanaman (R 2 = 0,2027). Berdasarkan jumlah bulu daun, aksesi kapas yang termasuk kategori sedikit berbulu dengan kriteria ketahanan sedikit tahan adalah: AC 134, Stoneville 7, Fai Nai, SHR, CRDI-1, Kanesia 5, Kanesia 8, dan Kanesia 9. Sedangkan aksesi lainnya termasuk kategori tidak berbulu dan peka terhadap serangan A. biguttula. Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, aksesi, hama, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida), toleran, peka, kerusakan, Jawa Timur ABSTRACT Resistance of several cotton accessions to sucking insect pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) is a sucking insect pest which potentially reduces cotton productivity. Its chemical control often cause environ- mental problems mainly air pollution and increase of pest resistance to certain chemical insecticides. One solution can be used to solve these problems is by using resistant variety that is also an integral part of the integrated pest management (IPM). Study on the resistance of several cotton accessions to sucking insect pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) was conducted at the Experimental Station of the Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research Institute (IToFCRI) in Asembagus, Situbondo, East Java, from January to December 2006. The objective of the study was to find out the resistance of cotton accessions to sucking insect pest. Thirty accessions of cotton were used as treatment and were planted in plots 10 m x 3 m with plant spacing 100 cm x 25 cm, one plant per hole. Each accession was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Parameters observed were number of nymph of A. biguttula, number of leaf hair, leaf hairs position (erect or lie down), and score of damage. The result showed that every accession of cotton can be attacked by A. biguttula although the insect population was not significantly different among accessions. There is negative correlation (R 2 = 0.2425) between number of leaf hair and population of A. biguttula and between number of leaf hair and score of plant damage (R 2 = 0.2027). Accessions that categorized as lightly hairy and moderately resistant to A. biguttula were AC 134, Stoneville 7, Fai Nai, SHR, CRDI-1, Kanesia 5, Kanesia 8, and Kanesia 9, while the others were categorized as glabrous and susceptible to the sucking pest. Key words: Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, accession, insect pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida), tolerant, sensitive, damage, East Jav

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PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PUPUK MIKRO DAN BEBERAPA GENOTIPE SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) TERHADAP INTENSITAS PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA (Colletotrichum sp.) DI LAHAN PETANI TANJUNG BINTANG LAMPUNG SELATAN

Jurnal Agrotek Tropika ◽

10.23960/jat.v8i2.3902 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 347

Author(s):

Farastika Unjunan Muli ◽

Efri Efri ◽

Muhammad Syamsoel Hadi ◽

Radix Suharjo

Keyword(s):

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Block Design ◽

Plant Diseases ◽

The Other ◽

Anthracnose Disease ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Main Plot ◽

Sorghum Genotypes ◽

Sorghum Bicolor L ◽

Plot Design

One of the diseases that often found in sorghum plants is anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum sp. The purposed of this study was to determine the effect of adding micro fertilizer and the use of several sorghum genotypes on the intensity of anthracnose disease. The study was conducted in Sukanegara, Tanjung Bintang, South Lampung in April 2017 - February 2018 and at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Pests, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The treatments were arranged using a randomized block design in a split plot design (3 times replications), the main plot was micro nutrients (with micro addition and without micro addition) and 15 subgroups of sorghum genotypes (Numbu, Samurai 1, GH3, UPCA, GH4, P / I WHP, GH6, Super 2, GH13, P / F 51-93-C, Super 1, GH5, Mandau, GH7, and Talaga Bodas). The results showed that the addition of "ZincMicro" micro fertilizers to sorghum plants did not affect the intensity of anthracnose disease, however there were differences in the intensity of anthracnose diseases between sorghum genotypes. Numbu Genotype, GH 3, and GH 13 were relatively more resistant to anthracnose disease than the other genotypes.

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Selection of F6 soybean population for pod shattering resistance

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d201129 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ayda Krisnawati ◽

ANDY SOEGIANTO ◽

BUDI WALUYO ◽

KUSWANTO

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Selected Lines ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Pod Shattering ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Resistant Lines ◽

Simultaneous Selection ◽

Materials Used ◽

Moderately Resistant ◽

Selection Of

Abstract. Krisnawati A, Soegianto A, Waluyo B, Kuswanto. 2019. Selection of F6 soybean population for pod shattering resistance. Biodiversitas 20: 3340-3346. Pod shattering is one of the major soybean constraints in Indonesia. This research aimed to evaluate the resistance of soybean F6 population to pod shattering and characterize the selected lines for their agronomic performances. The materials used were 147 F6 lines derived from six crossing combinations. The check varieties consisted of Dega 1, Detap 1, and Anjasmoro. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with two replications. At R8 stage, thirty pods were randomly detached from five sample plants of each line to be used for evaluation of pod shattering resistance using an oven-dry method. The variability of pod shattering was showed after the treatment of 60°C oven temperature. The shattering resistance of 147 F6 lines was classified into 52 highly resistant, 49 resistant, two moderately resistant, ten susceptible, and 34 highly susceptible lines. The pod-shattering resistant lines could be used for further improvement in the breeding program. Anjasmoro variety was effective to be used as gene source for shattering resistant. Simultaneous selection based on yield (30% selection intensity) and shattering resistance selected six lines which have early maturity and large seed size, hence they could be further evaluated in several locations in the next breeding stage.

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Root distribution of cactus pear genotypes under different soil water replacement levels

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n12p819-825 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 819-825

Author(s):

Igor N. de Castro ◽

Silvânio R. dos Santos ◽

Marcelo R. dos Santos ◽

Polyanna M. de Oliveira ◽

Ignacio Aspiazú ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distribution System ◽

Root Distribution ◽

Root Length Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Cactus Pear ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Water Replacement

ABSTRACT Knowledge of the cactus pear root distribution system can improve management of the plant by defining the areas of soil best suited to fertilizer application and the installation of soil moisture sensors under irrigation. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the root distribution of cactus pear genotypes under different water replacement levels. To that end, a field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, using genetic material from two cactus pear genotypes (Opuntia fícus-indica Mill. and Nopalea cochenillifera Salm-Dyck) and six water replacement levels based on reference evapotranspiration - ET0 (T1, no irrigation; T2, 15%; T3, 30%; T4, 45%; T5, 60% and T6, 75% of ET0), arranged in split-plot, with irrigation treatments allocated to the plots and the genetic material to the sub-plots, and three replicates. The roots of the cultivars were collected for analysis of root length density (RLD) 390 days after planting. The RDL of very fine roots declines as depth and distance from the plant base increases and total, fine, small and medium RDL rise at higher water replacement levels; 75% of ET0 near the plant base increases RDL; all the root diameter classes are concentrated at a distance of 0-0.20 m from the plant base and depth of 0.10 to 0.25 m; the RDL percentage is higher for the Gigante genotype and Miuda exhibits better root distribution.

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Screening of maize germplasm for Turcicum leaf blight resistance

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v10i1.1586 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 98-101

Author(s):

T. A. Wani ◽

G. N. Bhat ◽

Mushtaq Ahmad ◽

A. Anwar ◽

Gul Zaffar

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Blight Resistance ◽

Exserohilum Turcicum ◽

Maize Germplasm ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Sorghum Grains ◽

Moderately Resistant

: A study was conducted during Kharif 2012 and 2013 at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus Srinagar with the objective of screening sixty maize genotypes against Turcicum leaf blight caused by Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs. Field experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. In order to ensure establishment of infection, artificial inoculation of E. turcicum on test genotypes was made twice at 30 and 40 days after sowing with two different methods of inoculation (spraying on foliage of maize with spore suspension of pathogen @ 5x104 spores/ml at 30 DAS and by whorl drop inoculation of pathogen multiplies on sorghum grains at 40 DAS). Disease severity on test entries was scored at silk drying stage and studies revealed that two inbred lines, viz., NAI-112 and NAI-147, and one hybrid, viz., HQPM-1 were found resistant with pooled disease intensity of 4.12 per cent, 4.04 per cent and 4.38 per cent, respectively. Four inbred lines, viz., KDM 381 A, KDM 918 A, NAI-152 and NAI-167 were found susceptible with pooled disease intensity of 52.82 per cent, 51.02 per cent, 58.58 per cent and 61.33 per cent, respectively. The remaining genotypes were moderately resistant to moderately susceptible.

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