scholarly journals Composite Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryanne Bleumink ◽  
Lisette Jong ◽  
Ildikó Zonga Plájás
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Film ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Composite Method ◽  
Criminal Investigations ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Reflexive Space ◽  
The Common ◽  
Police Practices ◽  
Facial Composite

This paper explores how race comes to matter in the practice of police facial composite drawing. The confidential nature of criminal investigations prevented us from using research material collected through observations of police practices. The authors developed an experimental film project in collaboration with two forensic artists to illuminate the production of (visual) differences in the context of facial composite drawing. We recorded the process using a variety of technologies to produce different materializations of the drawing event. The experimental setting created a reflexive space for all participants, albeit not in the same way. Tinkering with the materials generated allowed us to analyze the enactment and slipperiness of race in practice. This paper combines written text with experimental montage to address three different practices through which race takes shape in the process of making facial composite drawings: 1) touching as describing; 2) layering and surfacing; and 3) articulating the common.

Periphrastic Progressive Constructions in Dutch and Afrikaans: A Contrastive Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adri Breed ◽  
Frank Brisard ◽  
Ben Verhoeven
Keyword(s):  
Exact Nature ◽  
Common Ancestry ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Verb Constructions ◽  
The Common

Given the common ancestry of Dutch and Afrikaans, it is not surprising that they use similar periphrastic constructions to express progressive meaning:aan het(Dutch) andaan die/’t(Afrikaans) lit. ‘at the’;bezig met/(om)te(Dutch) lit. ‘busy with/to’ andbesig om telit. ‘busy to’ (Afrikaans); and so-called cardinal posture verb constructions (zitten/sit‘sit’,staan‘stand’,liggen/lê‘lie’ andlopen/loop‘walk’), CPVte(‘to’ Dutch) and CPVen(‘and’ Afrikaans). However, these cognate constructions have grammaticalized to different extents. To assess the exact nature of these differences, we analyzed the constructions with respect to overall frequency, collocational range, and transitivity (compatibility with transitive predicates and passivizability). We used two corpora that are equal in size (both about 57 million words) and contain roughly the same types of written text. It turns out that the use of periphrastic progressives is generally more widespread in Afrikaans than in Dutch. As far as grammaticalization is concerned, we found that the Afrikaansaan die- and CPV-constructions, as well as the Dutchbezig- and CPV-constructions, are semantically restricted. In addition, only the Afrikaansbesig- and CPVen-constructions allow passivization, which is remarkable for such periphrastic expressions.*

scholarly journals Wybrane psychologiczne metody jakościowe stosowane w badaniach nad tekstem pisanym

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Magdalena Żurko
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Narrative Identity ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Life Span Development ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
Classic Theory ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
Interpretative Approach

Selected psychological qualitative methods used for research into written textThis article presents selected methods of written text analysis and interpretation using interpretative approach. This approach aims at discovering senses, i.e. personal attitudes experiences. The work starts with classic theory of life-span development by Ch. Buhler and moves on to present contemporary research, published since 2005, including psychological interpretation of B. Cohler’s diaries from the ghetto, as well as studies in the area of narrative identity. The article includes an example of extensive analysis and interpretation of a diary, inspired by D. McAdams’ method of Life Stories. Presented theoretical and practical proposals constitute a pragmatic contribution to interdisciplinary discussion on methods of using private documents as research material.

scholarly journals Gugon Tuhon for Javenese Women to Promote Character Building: A Pragmatic Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-143
Author(s):  
Komariyah Nurjanah ◽  
Widhyasmaramurti Widhyasmaramurti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Common ◽  
Character Building ◽  
Oral Interaction

Gugon tuhon (GT) is one of the Javanese sayings or oral traditions that contains piwulang ‘knowledge’ as guidance in conducting polite behaviors that generally in the forms of orders and prohibitions. GT contains frightening elements so that they are not violated by those who believe them. GT has much guidance that relates to humans’ life, and one of them is GT for Javanese women to behave well in order to have good characters. GT data that are used in this research were taken from a text entitled Serat Gugontuhon Prawira Winarsa on www.sastra.org that focused on appropriate behaviors for Javanese women. In the Javanese community, GT is generally acquired through informal oral interaction. Therefore, understanding the pragmatic meaning is necessary.  However, the data which were taken from written text raised a problem, namely what the pragmatic meanings of GT for Javanese women are. This research aims in explaining the meanings of GT for Javanese women that can promote character building. Then, in order to obtain more detailed pragmatic meanings’ results, interviews with mothers and daughters were also conducted in Sambiresik Village, Kediri. This research used the qualitative method and Austin's speech action theory (1984) which consisted of locutions, illocutions, and perlocutions acts meaning. The results showed that the meaning of locutions and illocutions are in the form of guidance to avoid prohibitions. So the Javanese women would perform well-mannered behaviors that according with the common norm. The perlocutions’ meanings were more as a suggestion act in order to avoid the prohibitions. Although the meanings of GT are still understood by mothers and some daughters, yet they believed that some of the guidance is not relatable to the present condition due to the enhancement of technology. GT which are not in accordance with present times are no longer heard in the community. It leads to a threat of the GT extinction in the future. Therefore, this research is expected to be an effort in preserving Javanese language and culture through GT because GT is known as Javanese local wisdom that is not simply as a belief but also has elements of truth that are useful to human’s life. Keywords: Javanese language, gugon tuhon, pragmatic, women's characters

scholarly journals Audio recording of the epic and its translation: textological notes

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
L. N. Arbachakova ◽  
E. N. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Audio Recording ◽  
Research Material ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation

The article presents a textological analysis of the epic “Meret-oolak” performed by D. K. Turushpanov. The decod- ing of “Meret-oolak” audio recording was made by different native speakers − I. Y. Arbachakov and L. N. Arbacha- kova. When working with the archival audio recording of the epic under study as the primary source, the authors followed the main principle of practical textology − the authenticity of the research material. In this study, a com- parison was made of the tirade from “Meret-oolak” (published and translated into Russian in 119 lines) with “Meret sar attyg Meret Oolaқ” (154 lines, respectively), decoded by the authors. The textological analysis revealed that in the version of I. Arbachakov, there are omissions of words, phrases, lines, some epic formulas, and the common place “The Creation of the Earth.” In addition to omissions, typos in the text and inaccuracies in translation into Russian were found. Also, the Russisms with affixes of Shor cases, the phrases adapted in Shor, as well as pure Russisms and Russian vernaculars, were identified. Siberian folklorists engaged in audio decoding of heroic epics noticed the slips of language, repetitions, variorum, and mistakes that are natural in the live performance of the epic. Using the available audio recording of the analyzed text, we were able to repeated- ly listen to it and compare it with the published text. As a result, the authors have identified some words in typical places and restored the epic formulas and one “common place”.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMON FUND OF PAIRED WORDS IN CHUVASH AND MARI LANGUAGES

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Валентина Юрьевна Кириллова
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Common Fund ◽  
Original Language ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
The Common

Данная работа посвящена изучению парных слов, бытующих в языках центральной зоны Волго-Камского языкового союза - чувашском и марийском. Цель исследования - установить общий пласт парных лексических образований в сопоставляемых языках. Материалом исследования послужили списки парных слов, составленные на базе академических лексикографических источников. Работа выполнена в компаративном аспекте. В ее основу положен количественно-качественный подход, позволяющий объективно оценить параметры изучаемого явления. В результате исследования автор делает вывод, что парных слов в чувашском языке более чем в два раза больше, чем в марийском. Такая диспропорция объясняется доминированием в чувашском языке синтаксического способа словообразования в отличие от марийского с его ведущим аффиксальным способом деривации. Автором представлена классификация общего фонда чувашских и марийских парных образований: 1) чувашизмы в марийском языке, отсутствующие в исходном языке;2) чувашизмы в марийском языке, сохраняющиеся в языке-доноре; 3) общие единицы с противоположным расположением компонентов; 4) мариизмы в чувашском языке. В марийском списке парных слов имеются единицы чувашского происхождения, отсутствующие в исходном языке. По этой причине марийский материал может стать новой областью контактологических разысканий, способствующих реконструированию лакунарных аналогичных парных слов в чувашском языке. This work is devoted to the study of paired words that exist in the languages of the central zone of the Volga-Kama language union - Chuvash and Mari. The aim of the research is to establish the common layer of paired lexical formations in the compared languages. The research material was the lists of paired words compiled on the basis of academic lexicographic sources. The work was done in a comparative aspect. It is based on a quantitative and qualitative approach that allows an objective assessment of the parameters of the phenomenon under consideration. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that there are more than two times more paired words in the Chuvash language than in the Mari. This disproportion is due to the dominance of the syntactic way of word formation in the Chuvash language, in contrast to the Mari with its leading affix way of derivation. The author presents the classification of the common fund of the Chuvash and Mari paired formations: 1) Chuvashisms in the Mari language, which are absent in the original language; 2) Chuvashisms in the Mari language, which have been preserved in the donor language; 3) common units with opposite arrangement of components; 4) Mariisms in the Chuvash language. The Mari list of paired words contains the units of Chuvash origin that are absent in the original language. For this reason, the Mari material can become a new area of contactological research, contributing to the reconstruction of similar lacunar paired words in the Chuvash language.

scholarly journals Selected polite expressions in contemporary Polish written in Ukraine (against the background of the Polish nationwide standard)

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Ałła Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Linguistic Label ◽  
Research Material ◽  
The Press ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
General Standard

The aim of the article is to show some deviations from the Polish nationwide rules in selected polite expressions in the written text on a large amount of research material (over two thousand units), extracted from almost half a thousand issues of Polonia newspapers, published in Ukraine in the 21st century. What is analysed are some peculiarities of the structure of these units against the background of their pragmatic Polish nationwide equivalents, their functions in the press text of the inherited Polish language, and the communication capabilities both within and without the studied communicative community. The influence of Ukrainian polite expressions on the studied expressions of inherited Polish language is evaluated. The research results give rise to a reflection on the issue of differential acceptability — against the background of the general standard — of the features of the linguistic label in the inherited Polish language in Ukraine.

scholarly journals ACTIONAL CODE OF “ORPHAN WEDDING” (THE TRADITION OF PRIKAMYE IN RUSSIAN CONTEXT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-48
Author(s):  
Maria A. Brukhanova ◽  
◽  
Svetlana Yu. Korolyova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Archival Data ◽  
Common Part ◽  
Research Material ◽  
The Common

The laments of an orphan bride is one of the markers of orphanhood as a special status in the traditional community. The article examines the ritual actions that accompanied the singing of such laments, as well as the loci and the objects which are used by participants. The research material includes archival data and publications of the 19th –21st centuries. The Perm versions of the ceremony correlate with the traditions of other regions and detail the image of a Russian orphan wedding. The two most typical loci where orphan lamentations were performed are the home and the cemetery. In the house, the bride and assistants use the table, the periphery of the dwelling, and border loci. Sometimes orphan rituals included elements of theatricalization (searching for deceased parents, treating them, inviting a person-ritual substitute for the deceased). Border loci (hill, crossroads) were also selectedoutside the home and cemetery. A number of ritual gestures and objects (scarf, towel), which were used in an orphan's wedding, are known for the performances of funeral laments and are included in the common part of the “dictionary” of “lamentable” culture.

The materiality of the letter in Seto oral culture

Multilingua ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madis Arukask
Keyword(s):  
Folk Songs ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Oral Culture ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Material Medium ◽  
Physical Context ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Magical Power

Abstract This article focuses on the concept of letter in oral folklore. The main research material is examples from the older folk songs of Seto, where a letter, a book and other items referring to literacy are mentioned. Texts under consideration are poetical and the meaning conveyed in them is not always very clear. The term letter may be related to a message, paper, book, leaf or other material medium in the songs. The boundary between oracy and literacy is therefore thin, given that letters and writing are often imagined and conveyed in a physical context. Literacy in Seto folk songs is sometimes reflected as part of mythological knowledge and a mythological worldview. The written text or objects carrying it may have magical power. In some songs the writing can also be found on plants, which is interesting from a cross-cultural perspective. Similar motives from the folklore and beliefs of other peoples have been used comparatively to understand the content of the songs under consideration. The song of heavenly cows eating holy plants offers an opportunity to draw intercultural parallels and raises the question about the ethnogenesis of the Seto and their relatedness to different Eurasian peoples further to the east.

scholarly journals Analysis On Political Speech Of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono: Common Sense Assumption And Ideology

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
Sayit Abdul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Political Speech ◽  
Written Text ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Common

This paper presents an analysis on political speech of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY), the former president of Indonesia at the Indonesian conference on “Moving towards sustainability: together we must create the future we want”. Ideologies are closely linked to power and language because using language is the commonest form of social behavior, and the form of social behavior where we rely most on ‘common-sense’ assumptions. The objectives of this study are to discuss the common sense assumption and ideology by means of language use in SBY’s political speech which is mainly grounded in Norman Fairclough’s theory of language and power in critical discourse analysis. There are two main problems of analysis, namely; first, what are the common sense assumption and ideology in Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s political speech; and second, how do they relate to each other in the political discourse? The data used in this study was in the form of written text on “moving towards sustainability: together we must create the future we want”. A qualitative descriptive analysis was employed to analyze the common sense assumption and ideology in the written text of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s political speech which was delivered at Riocto entro Convention Center, Rio de Janeiro on June 20, 2012. One dimension of ‘common sense’ is the meaning of words. The results showed that the common sense assumption and ideology conveyed through SBY’s specific words or expressions can significantly explain how political discourse is constructed and affected by the SBY’s rule and position, life experience, and power relations. He used language as a powerful social tool to present his common sense assumption and ideology to convince his audiences and fellow citizens that the future of sustainability has been an important agenda for all people.  Keywords: Political speech, common sense, assumption, ideology, sustainability, growth.

scholarly journals Szkolnictwo protestanckie i jego wpływ na polszczyznę cieszyńską przełomu XVIII i XIX wieku

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Jana Raclavská
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Common

The article presents the part of the research material based on Silesian language from the Cieszyn area. The author analyses works written by Cieszyn protestant secondary grammar school students which have preserved in archives of Tschammer´s Library. The manuscripts which were studied date back to turn of the eighteenth century. The research proved that spoken language in Cieszyn differ from the common Polish language of that time in every level of language.

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