scholarly journals The Hermeneutical Value of Bodily Experiences for Art History Research

Tahiti ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Idrobo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Art History ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Bodily Experiences ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Bodily Movements

What does the observation of people walking have to do with interpreting paintings or other artworks, past or present? Can an old painting be ‘activated’ or invite the viewer to participate and experience it more actively? In this paper, I discuss some examples in which my own art research practice has found in bodily movements unexpected sources and ways to interpret paintings of the nineteenth and twentieth century, useful for expanding the analysis and understanding of the events in images. In this sense, I challenge the contemporary idea of an explicit viewer activating an artwork by exploring its utility when engaging art pieces of other time periods. I argue, without proposing a formula valid for every form of art, that bodily experiences like walking, observation exercises of bodies in motion, and even dance, might have a hermeneutical value when interrogating artworks. This approach offers new challenging ways of practicing art historical research and it encourages researchers to recognise these bodily experiences within the frame of their academic discourse.

scholarly journals Book publishing in Ukraine in the second half of the 20th century and artistic illustration in the works of V. Poltavets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Poltavets-Guida
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Book Printing ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
High Level ◽  
Historical Periods

The purpose of the article is to consider the graphic works of V. Poltavets-illustrator in the context of the development of book printing in Ukraine in the second half of the twentieth century, conduct a comparative analysis of the development of this industry in different eras, and identify their relationship. The methodology of the article is based on the chronological method of historical research, the biographical method, the method of observing the artist’s practical activities in different time periods, the method of analyzing works of art. The scientific novelty consists in the chronological systematization and comparative analysis of typography and graphic art in different historical periods, the study of the continuity of traditions and innovation in art, their interrelation, and a sequential examination of the creative heritage of the famous artist. Conclusion. The analysis shows a high level of development of publishing in Ukraine, the presence of art school and talented illustrators, indicates insufficient scientific coverage of this topic.

The passive voice in scientific writing through the ages: A diachronic study

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-489
Author(s):  
Alvin Ping Leong
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Scientific Writing ◽  
Science Journal ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Composing Process ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Current Shift ◽  
Modern Era

AbstractDiachronic studies on scientific writing have indicated an increase in the use of passives from the seventeenth to the twentieth century. With the current shift in focus towards making scientific writing more accessible, there is less certainty on the extent of passive use in the modern era. Although the use of the active voice is presently encouraged, the findings from available studies are mixed. There are also few diachronic studies involving recent articles. This present study investigated the trend in passive use from the nineteenth century to the present day using 80 articles from a multidisciplinary science journal covering four time periods (1880, 1930, 1980, and 2017). The study found that the extent of passive use was stable from 1880 to 1980 (occurring in about 29–36% of all clauses) but declined in 2017 (averaging below 25%). The study also found a decline in the use of finite passives to describe methodological actions and a corresponding increase in the use of first-person pronouns in the 2017 articles. Further work involving a larger corpus and an understanding of writer decisions in the composing process is needed.

scholarly journals Edgar Wind on Experiment and Metaphysics

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Falkenburg
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Art History ◽  
Philosophy Of Physics ◽  
Metaphysical Realism ◽  
American Pragmatism ◽  
Theory Formation ◽  
Internal Realism ◽  
Detailed Interpretation ◽  
Holistic Theory ◽  
Central Claim

Abstract The paper presents a detailed interpretation of Edgar Wind’s Experiment and Metaphysics (1934), a unique work on the philosophy of physics which broke with the Neo-Kantian tradition under the influence of American pragmatism. Taking up Cassirer’s interpretation of physics, Wind develops a holistic theory of the experiment and a constructivist account of empirical facts. Based on the concept of embodiment which plays a key role in Wind’s later writings on art history, he argues, however, that the outcomes of measurements are contingent. He then proposes an anti-Kantian conception of a metaphysics of nature. For him, nature is an unknown totality which manifests itself in discrepancies between theories and experiment, and hence the theory formation of physics can increasingly approximate the structure of nature. It is shown that this view is ambiguous between a transcendental, metaphysical realism in Kant’s sense and an internal realism in Putnam’s sense. Wind’s central claim is that twentieth century physics offers new options for resolving Kant’s cosmological antinomies. In particular, he connected quantum indeterminism with the possibility of human freedom, a connection that Cassirer sharply opposed.

scholarly journals ‘From Zionism to Communism’: Emilio Sereni and the Consiglio di Gestione in postwar Italy

Modern Italy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Andrea Bonfanti
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Postwar Italy

This essay demonstrates that it is impossible to appreciate the actions of the Italian communist Emilio Sereni without considering his Zionist background. Anyone who is interested in understanding the complexities of communism in the past century and to avoid simplistic conclusions about this ideology will benefit from the study. The problem at stake is that researchers often approach communism in a monolithic manner, which does not adequately explain the multiform manifestations (practical and theoretical) of that phenomenon. This ought to change and to this extent this essay hopes to contribute to that recent strand of historical research that challenges simplistic views on communism. More specifically, by analysing the Management Councils that Sereni created in postwar Italy, we can see that many of their features in fact derived from, or found their deepest origins in, his previous experience as a committed socialist Zionist. The study, then, also relates Sereni to and looks at the broader experiences of early twentieth-century Zionism and Italian communism in the early postwar years.

Moving Pictures and Renaissance Art History

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Emison
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Art History ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Renaissance Art ◽  
Word And Image ◽  
Visual Composition ◽  
Moving Pictures ◽  
And Gender

Film, like the printed imagery inaugurated during the Renaissance, spread ideas---not least the idea of the power of visual art---across not only geographical and political divides but also strata of class and gender. Moving Pictures and Renaissance Art History examines the early flourishing of film, 1920s-mid-60s, as partly reprising the introduction of mass media in the Renaissance, allowing for innovation that reflected an art free of the control of a patron though required to attract a broad public. Rivalry between word and image, narrative and visual composition shifted in both cases toward acknowledging the compelling nature of the visual. The twentieth century also saw the development of the discipline of art history; transfusions between cinematic practice and art historical postulates and preoccupations are part of the story told here.

John Hinshaw, Steel and Steelworkers: Race and Class Struggle in Twentieth-Century Pittsburgh. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2002. 320 pp. $75.50 cloth; $25.95 paper

2004 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 227-229
Author(s):  
Ruth Needleman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Class Struggle ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
State University ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
The Past ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Growing Body

Richly descriptive and well documented, Steel and Steelworkers: Race and Class Struggle in Twentieth-Century Pittsburgh by John Hinshaw makes a significant contribution to the growing body of historical research on steel unionism in the twentieth century. Over the past few years, a number of new studies have broadened our understanding of unionization and work practices in the nation's steel mills, by examining in greater detail the patterns of organization in specific mills and mill towns.

The Idea of Commedia in the Twentieth Century

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Commedia Dell'arte ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
History Of

The truth of Shaw's dictum that ‘those who can, do, and those who can't, teach’, is questioned by the history of commedia dell'arte in the twentieth century, in which research, practice and teaching are inextricably bound together. The significance of commedia's influence on the modern stage lies precisely in the fact that the nature of commedia cannot be defined objectively but is mediated through research and stage practice. We have to deal, therefore, not so much with commedia itself as with an ‘idea’ of commedia, a phrase I have borrowed from Kenneth Richards and Laura Richards.

scholarly journals Mission or money?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aileen Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Keynote Presentation ◽  
Learned Societies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Relationship ◽  
Circulation Of Knowledge

Keynote presentation. The current debates about the future of academic publishing have generated much discussion about the most appropriate way to support financially the widespread circulation of knowledge. Yet there have been debates about this since at least the 1890s. Drawing upon my historical research, I will describe how scholarly publishing has a long history of not making money. Indeed, until the mid-twentieth century, its costs were frequently sponsored (i.e. subsidised) by learned societies, by universities, by government and by private donors. It was only in the early Cold War years, in a time of expanding output of research, that mission-driven publishers began to seriously focus on sales income as a means of covering costs; and then, later, as a means of generating income. Should publishing be treated as mission, or as a means to mission? My talk will seek to untangle the historical relationship between publishing, money-making and scholarly mission.

Inca Aesthetics and Scholarly Inquiry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Herring
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Art History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Art Historians ◽  
Scholarly Inquiry ◽  
Andean Culture

This chapter discusses the interpretive challenges that art historians and anthropologists have faced in approaching Inca intellectual and artistic achievements, which do not fit comfortably in Western categories. George Kubler took up the question of Inca art in the mid-twentieth century, creating a space in art history for studying the Incas. This development occurred at a time when archaeologists such as John Rowe worked to place the Incas within the broader context of Andean civilizations, and structuralists like Tom Zuidema were beginning to challenge historical narratives in search of underlying elements of Andean culture. The scholarly interest in Inca art, material culture, and intellect was but one aspect of the Inca focus of that time, as artists found inspiration in Inca ruins and museum galleries in the United States, and other countries began to exhibit Inca artifacts as an art to be approached on its own terms.

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