scholarly journals The influence of season and age on the levels of lipids, lipoproteins and enzymes in the serum of Lička pramenka sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Tomislav Mikuš ◽  
◽  
Lidija Kozačinski ◽  
Željka Cvrtila ◽  
Silvijo Vince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Age Related ◽  
One Year ◽  
Lipid Components

This study aimed to identify seasonal and age related variability in triglycerides (TRI), paraoxonase (PON), stimulated PON (PON I) and cholesterol (CHOL, HDL, LDL) in extensively reared Lička pramenka sheep. The study was conducted 30 randomly chosen non-gravid Lička pramenka sheep on an extensive farm, grouped into three age groups in the Karlovac County, Croatia. Blood was collected by venepuncture of the jugular vein, twice in one year - the first sampling in spring (April) and the second in autumn (October). The results showed that age had no significant effect on any of the investigated indicators, while seasonality significantly affected five out of the six parameters examined. Significantly higher levels of serum lipid components in autumn can be explained by the influence of the traditional way of rearing and feeding Lička pramenka sheep. Furthermore, the results of PON I in all three age groups showed that the sheep are well adapted to the environment and to the rearing system. Future research should be carried out on higher number of farms, and should include more sheep in order to determine objective benchmarks for serum lipids and the enzymes connected to those lipids.

Age-related topography of renal vascular-ization of the goats of anglo-nubian breed

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
K.O. Maslenitcyn ◽  
◽  
M.V. Shchipakin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Left Kidney ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
The Third ◽  
Age Related ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right ◽  
Renal Vascular ◽  
Newborn Animals

The basis for the study was cadaver material from animals obtained during slaughter from the "Gzhelskoe Podvorye", Moscow region. Four age groups were formed. The first group included newborn animals. The sec-ond group included animals of one month. The third group included young animals of five or six months. The fourth group consist-ed of goats, starting from one year old. The age of the animals was determined according to the data obtained from monitor cards. A total of twenty heads were examined. Based on our research, primarily we established that the change in the topography of the right and left kidney in Anglo-Nubian goats exists mainly because of the displacement of the caudal end of the kidney cranially at a dis-tance equal to the length of one or two verte-brae. In both kidneys, the anterior or cranial end does not have a pronounced displace-ment. Studying kidney syntopia in goats, we found confirmation that the caudal hollow vein together with the abdominal aorta lie dorsally from the kidneys, while the rumen sac is located laterocranially from the left kidney, when it overflows, a slight change in the topography of the kidney can be visual-ized, and parts of the duodenum are located laterocranially. The data we have established confirm the similarity of the Anglo-Nubian breed of goats with goats of other breeds. By studying the vascularization of the kidneys in the Anglo-Nubian goat breed, we con-firmed that the renal blood supply is pro-duced by two renal arteries, each of which is directed to the corresponding kidney "L2-L3". We also found that the severe increase in the diameter of the renal arteries occurs in these animals from 1 to 6 months.

scholarly journals Cola intake and serum lipids in the Oslo Health Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Torbjørn Høstmark ◽  
Sissel Erland Tomten
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Cross Sectional

Soft drinks can be a major source of sucrose, which may influence serum lipid concentration. We have examined the association between intake frequency of various types of soft drinks and the concentration of serum triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the cross-sectional Oslo Health Study. A total of 14 188 subjects of the altogether 18 770 participants of the study had data on intake frequency of colas and non-colas, with or without sugar. The population sample consisted of both sexes and 3 age groups: group1 (30 years of age), group 2 (40 and 45 years of age), and group 3 (59–60 years of age). In both sexes, HDL decreased and TG increased significantly (p < 0.001) with increasing intake frequency of colas. In contrast, no consistent associations were found between the reported intake of non-cola soft drinks and the serum lipids. We found no significant differences related to the reported presence or absence of sugar in the soft drinks. In multiple linear regression analyses, the colas vs. serum lipid associations prevailed (p < 0.001) after including 13 possible confounders: sex; age group; time since last meal; physical activity; intake of alcohol, coffee, cheese, fruit and (or) berries, and fatty fish; smoking; length of education; use of cholesterol-lowering drugs; and intake of non-colas. Thus, the self-reported intake frequency of colas, but not other soft drinks, was negatively associated with serum HDL, and positively associated with TG and LDL.

Architectonics of the arterial system of the ruminant stomach of edilbaev sheep in age aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
S.I. Melnikov ◽  
◽  
M.V. Shchipakin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Arterial Line ◽  
State University ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Effect Relation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Animal Anatomy ◽  
Newborn Animals

Sheep farming is one of the leading agricul-tural industries in the Russian Federation. A modern veterinarian needs to know the functional principles of all organs and sys-tems of the animal body to understand the etiology and build cause-and-effect relation-ships of the occurrence of certain non-infectious diseases. Most of these diseases occur in the digestive tract (stomach, intes-tines). The purpose of this study is to study in detail the age-related patterns of blood supply of the stomachs of edilbaev sheep. The basis for the research at the Department of animal anatomy of the Saint Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine was post mortem material from animals slaugh-tered at a farm in the Leningrad region. Three age groups were formed. The first group included newborn animals. The sec-ond group included young animals of five to six months. The third group consisted of sheep from one year and older. The age of the animals was determined according to the data obtained from monitor cards. Dur-ing the study, a set of anatomical methods was used, including: fine anatomical dissec-tion, vaso-rentgenography, and photo- graphing. Based on our research, we first established the architectonics of the arterial system of the stomachs of edilbaev sheep in the age aspect. These features have common anatomical patterns of the course and branching of blood vessels, typical to rumi-nants. However, the edilbaev sheep breed is characterized by breed features of skeletal and vascular syntopia , determined by their genetic predisposition. The main arterial line of the multicameral stomach of edilbaev sheep is the ventral artery, which in the course of its topography is divided into additional incoming vessels for all the pre-ventricules and the true stomach. The main morphometric parameters of vascular diameter reach their maximum values by the age of one year and older, while the most intensive increase in the caliber of arterial vessels of the multicameral stomach is typical for the age period from the newborn period to five to seven months.

scholarly journals Segregation of age-related skin microbiome characteristics by functionality

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Jin Ju Kim ◽  
Nu Ri Myeong ◽  
Taeyune Kim ◽  
DooA Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Skin Aging ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Functional Pathways ◽  
Two Age Groups

AbstractAlthough physiological changes are the most evident indicators of skin aging by alteration of the skin’s structure and function, we question whether skin aging is also affected by the structure and assembly process of the skin microbiome. We analysed the skin microbiomes of 73 healthy Chinese women in two age groups (25–35 years old and 56–63 years old) using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing; the overall microbiome structure was significantly different between the two age groups. An analysis using ecological theory to evaluate the process of microbial community assembly processes revealed that the microbiomes of the older group were formed under a greater influence of the niche-based process, with the network of microbes being more collapsed than that of the younger group. Inferred metagenomic functional pathways associated with replication and repair were relatively more predominant in the younger group whereas, among the various metabolism-related pathways, those associated with biodegradation were more predominant in the older group. Interestingly, we found two segregated sub-typing patterns in the younger group which were also observed in the skin microbiomes of young Chinese women living in four other cities in China. The results of our study highlights candidate microbes and functional pathways that are important for future research into preventing skin aging and which could lead to a comprehensive understanding of age-related skin microbiome characteristics.

scholarly journals Clinical Frailty Scale is a good predictor of mortality after proximal femur fracture

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddarth Narula ◽  
Adam Lawless ◽  
Peter D’Alessandro ◽  
Christopher W. Jones ◽  
Piers Yates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Femur Fracture ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Proximal Femur Fracture ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Age Related ◽  
One Year

Aims A proximal femur fracture (PFF) is a common orthopaedic presentation, with an incidence of over 25,000 cases reported in the Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry (ANZHFR) in 2018. Hip fractures are known to have high mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) in predicting 30-day and one-year mortality after a PFF in older patients. Methods A retrospective review of all fragility hip fractures who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria of the ANZHFR between 2017 and 2018 was undertaken at a single large volume tertiary hospital. There were 509 patients included in the study with one-year follow-up obtained in 502 cases. The CFS was applied retrospectively to patients according to their documented pre-morbid function and patients were stratified into five groups according to their frailty score. The groups were compared using t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the chi-squared test. The discriminative ability of the CFS to predict mortality was then compared with American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) classification and the patient’s chronological age. Results A total of 38 patients were deceased at 30 days and 135 patients at one year. The 30-day mortality rate increased from 1.3% (CFS 1 to 3; 1/80) to 14.6% (CFS ≥ 7; 22/151), and the one-year mortality increased from 3.8% (CFS 1 to 3; 3/80) to 41.7% (CFS ≥ 7; 63/151). The CFS was demonstrated superior discriminative ability in predicting mortality after PFF (area under the curve (AUC) 0.699; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.651 to 0.747) when compared with the ASA (AUC 0.634; 95% CI 0.576 to 0.691) and chronological age groups (AUC 0.585; 95% CI 0.523 to 0.648). Conclusion The CFS demonstrated utility in predicting mortality after PFF fracture. The CFS can be easily performed by non-geriatricians and may help to reduce age related bias influencing surgical decision making. Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;1-8:443–449.

scholarly journals Developmental differences in the visual processing of emotionally ambiguous neutral faces based on perceived valence

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256109
Author(s):  
Leslie Rollins ◽  
Erin Bertero ◽  
Laurie Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attentional Resources ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Affective Information ◽  
Ambiguous Faces ◽  
Eye Region

The aim of the present research was to assess age-related differences in how children and adults interpret and visually process emotionally ambiguous neutral faces. Children and adults provided neutral child faces with valence and arousal ratings while eye movements were recorded. Consistent with previous research, children and adults both interpreted the neutral faces as negatively valenced. Both age groups showed fewer fixations to the eye region when they rated the faces as positive. However, adults fixated more on the eye region when they rated the faces as negative whereas children fixated more on the eye region when they rated the faces as neutral. This finding may suggest that children strategically allocate attentional resources to the eye region when processing emotionally ambiguous faces to gather critical affective information. These findings have implications for the utilization of neutral faces as an experimental control condition and serve as the foundation for future research on the development of mechanisms that underlie the interpretation of emotionally ambiguous faces.

scholarly journals Analyses of Safety Profile and Homologous Antibody Responses to a Mammalian Cell-Based, MF59-Adjuvanted, A/H5N1, Pandemic Influenza Vaccine across Four Phase II/III Clinical Trials in Healthy Children, Adults, and Older Adults

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1468
Author(s):  
Eve Versage ◽  
Esther van Twuijver ◽  
Wim Jansen ◽  
Ad Theeuwes ◽  
Daphne Sawlwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mammalian Cell ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Total N ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
One Year

Modern cell culture-based technology eliminates vaccine manufactures reliance on embryonated chicken eggs, which may become compromised during an avian influenza pandemic. Four studies (total N = 6230) assessed the immunogenicity and safety of mammalian cell-based, MF59®-adjuvanted, A/H5N1 vaccine (aH5N1c; AUDENZ™) as two doses administered on Days 1 and 22 in children (NCT01776554), adults (NCT01776541; NCT02839330), and older adults (NCT01766921; NCT02839330). Immunogenicity of formulations at 7.5 μg and 3.75 μg antigen per dose were assessed by hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization assays on Days 1, 22, 43, and 183 or 387. Solicited local and systemic adverse events (AEs) were recorded for 7 days after each vaccination. Unsolicited AEs were collected for 21 days after each vaccination, and serious and other selected AEs were recorded for one year. Antibody responses after two 7.5 μg doses met CBER licensure criteria in all age groups. Overall, an age-related response was evident, with the highest responses observed in children <3 years old. In children, antibody titers met seroconversion criteria 12 months after vaccination. MF59 allowed for antigen dose sparing. Solicited AEs were mild to moderate in nature, of short duration, and less frequent after the second dose than the first, demonstrating a favorable risk-benefit profile.

scholarly journals Age-Related Effect of Sleepiness on Driving Performance: A Systematic-Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1090
Author(s):  
Serena Scarpelli ◽  
Valentina Alfonsi ◽  
Maurizio Gorgoni ◽  
Milena Camaioni ◽  
Anna Maria Giannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Behavioral Task ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Age Related

Background: Several studies highlighted that sleepiness affects driving abilities. In particular, road traffic injuries due to excessive daytime sleepiness are about 10%–20%. Considering that aging is related to substantial sleep changes and the number of older adults with driving license is increasing, the current review aims to summarize recent studies on this issue. Further, we intend to provide insights for future research. Methods: From the 717 records screened, ten articles were selected and systematically reviewed. Results: Among the selected articles, (a) five studies investigated sleepiness only by self-reported standardized measures; (b) two studies assessed sleepiness also using a behavioral task; (c) three studies obtained objective measures by electroencephalographic recordings. Conclusions: The available literature on the topic reports several limitations. Overall, many findings converge in evidencing that older drivers are less vulnerable to sleep loss and sleepiness-related driving impairments than young adults. These discrepancies in sleepiness vulnerability between age groups may be ascribed to differences in subjects’ lifestyles. Moreover, it has been hypothesized that older adults self-regulate their driving and avoid specific dangerous situations. We believe that an easy protocol to objectively evaluate the vigilance level in elderly and young adults is required, and further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Age-related presence of selected viral and bacterial pathogens in paraffin-embedded lung samples of dogs with pneumonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Wöhrer ◽  
Joachim Spergser ◽  
Gabriela Bagrinovschi ◽  
Karin Möstl ◽  
Herbert Weissenböck
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
One Year ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus

The aim of this retrospective study was to detect selected pathogens in pneumonic lung tissue of dogs of different age groups by immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridisation (ISH) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in order to get information about their involvement in pneumonia formation. In archived formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded lung samples from 68 cases with the clinical and histologic diagnosis of pneumonia the histological pattern of pneumonia was re-evaluated and the samples were further investigated for the following infectious agents: canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV), Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica, Pasteurella (P.) multocida, Mycoplasma spp., and Pneumocystis spp. In 47.1% of the samples at least one of the featured respiratory pathogens was detected. In 31.3% of these positive samples more than one pathogen could be found. The correct detection of CDV had been achieved in ten out of eleven positive cases (90.9%) upon initial investigation, but the presence of bacterial pathogens, like B. bronchiseptica (10 cases) and P. multocida (17 cases) had been missed in all but one case. While CDV and CRCoV infections were exclusively found in dogs younger than one year, the vast majority of infections with P. multocida and B. bronchiseptica were both common either in dogs younger than 4 months or older than one year. Thus, this retrospective approach yielded valuable data on the presence, absence and prevalence of certain respiratory pathogens in dogs with pneumonia.

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