scholarly journals Diaspora as a Repercussion of Colonization in the Kim Scott’s ‘Benang’

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Chaitra Nagammanavar
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Native People ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Aboriginal Society ◽  
Other World ◽  
Mass Killings ◽  
Assimilation Policy

Colonization created upheavals around the world. The worlds of Native Americans, Australian Aboriginals which were unaware of the other world that existed were shattered and scattered by the colonial rule. The indigenous people were subjected to cruel treatment at the hands of colonizers. In the Americas the mass killings of the natives took place by intentional spreading of the epidemics. Same incidents took place in Australia. The colonial rule always invented novel ways to destroy the native people, culture and their society. For instance, the policy of Doctrine of lapse which was introduced in India destroyed the local rulers and the princely states.  Due to this many princely states in India came under the rule of British. In Australia to eliminate aboriginals the white government came up with the idea of assimilation policy. Assimilation policy was a policy of absorbing aboriginal people onto white society through the process of removing children from their aboriginal families forcefully. The ultimate intent of the policy was the destruction of Aboriginal society. The protagonist of the novel Benang is the victim of this process. He also goes through the diasporic experiences of alienation, isolation and loss of identity. This paper analyses the diaspora as a repercussion of colonization in the novel Benang.

Aboriginal Trade in Fish and Seafoods to Settlers in Nineteenth-Century South-East Queensland: A Vibrant Industry?

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Kerkhove
Keyword(s):  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Native People ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Exchange Networks ◽  
European Contact ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Aboriginal Society ◽  
European Trade ◽  
Colonial Economy ◽  
The Impact

Aboriginal peoples have been ‘doing business’ with foreigners for centuries (McCarthy 1939; Langton, Mazel and Palmer 2006), yet research to date has focused either on traditional exchange networks (Donovan and Wall 2004) or the impact of Western goods. Thus Harrison (2002) and Jones (2007) plotted Aboriginal exchange values and redistribution systems for iron and cloth. The general impression from such works is that, following European contact, Aboriginal society was radically transformed, while Europeans received curios. For example, Western goods stimulated a ‘glass artefact industry’ (Harrison 2003) and Aboriginal ‘doggers’ controlled dingos (Young 2010), but only officials or anthropologists had use for the resultant spearheads and scalps. At best, Aboriginal–European trade is considered inconsequential — ‘trinkets for trash’ — while Noel Butlin's (1994) analysis of the colonial economy entirely ignores it. Discussion of profitable exchange seems limited to the post-1950s arts trade (Kleinert 2010: 175). The notion that Aboriginal people might ‘flourish’ in trade or labour with Europeans (e.g. Anderson 1983) is discarded as absurd (White 2011: 81). This is perplexing, because colonial expansion saw commercial exchanges with Indigenous peoples all over the globe. Trade between Europeans and native people forms the opening chapter of national histories — for example, those of Canada and New Zealand (Innis 1999; Salmond 1997; McLusker 2006).

scholarly journals PARGOD (WORLD CURTAIN) AND THE NOVEL «DOCTOR ZHIVAGO» BY BORIS PASTERNAK

Doxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 66-83
Author(s):  
Olexander Kyrylyuk
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Superstring Theory ◽  
Boris Pasternak ◽  
Real Material ◽  
Destructive Action ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Other World

Boris Pasternak argued that no one understood that in his main novel a certain philosophy was set forth, the essence of which was that the true world was closed to us by a swaying curtain. Other poets clearly saw the same images of the world fabric, woven from threads, which closes true being from us. There is a similar superstring theory in modern physics. The search for this idea in an explicit form in the writer’s works ended in a negative result. Then the subject of analysis was literary criticism, which dealt with the curtain, fabric and threads mentioned in the novel or told about its cryptosemantics. The metaphorical change in the properties of things and the blurring of their boundaries was considered a manifestation of their unity in the other world. Critics tried to consider the idea of ??Pasternak in the contest of the Plato“s cave as a symbol of the division of the world into the illusory and true ones, etc. However, none of the critics could find in the novel the hidden content the novel“s author spoke about. Instead, critics saw in the novel such meanings and images that were completely absent in it. The article concludes that if the hidden meaning does exist in the novel, it is not explicated in any way. At the same time, it may be assumed that the idea of ??the threads of the world came to Pasternak, as it was with other poets, in the his poiesis insight of clairvoyance. At the same time, the article concluded that in Pasternak”s case the real, material world as a curtain-world disappears by itself due to the destructive action of the revolution. In addition to the world of things, in the war, from the lack of food, frosts and epidemics, the heroes of the novel and Zhivago himself die. The main character from «Zhivago» (Аlive) gradually turned into the “Mertvago” (Unalive), what allows Me author to consider the novel a guilty verdict of social revolution. Of course, for the apologists of the «Russian World» it would be tempting to interpret the fall of the curtain (the disappearance of the world of things) as opening to Russians by catharsis the true Divine World, but when noble people disappeared and Ham began to rule everywhere, in Russia there was no one who would and could cognize this Divine World.

scholarly journals Representation of the World in the Novels of Arzhan Adarov

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-337
Author(s):  
Margarita S. Dedina
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Fictional World ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
The World ◽  
Other World

The fictional world in A.O. Adarov’s novels corresponds to several levels of narration. First, there is the “real” time of the novel’s events; second, historical reconstruction given through subjective focalization; third, the realm of the unreal conveyed by visions and dreams. The novel shows the modeled reality from the perspective of a particular person, a survivor of political repressions. Through the categories of life and death, love and fate, honor and dignity, the novel speaks of the eternal ontological values and the importance of self-identification in a very difficult time, a time of re-evaluation of old values and the search for moral guidelines. According to the author’s concept, traditional folk constants play a crucial role in the worldview and perception of the world and turn out to be crucial for individual choice. The sacralization of space and the presence of a symbolically charged topos in the center of the fictional world, itself an infinite mosaic of various local territories, supports the idea of the spatial structure of the novel as a single cosmic whole. Conventional chronotopic boundaries as well as the theme of death as a pass to the other world present in all the novels of this author, together with the motif of the “eternal return,” support his conception of the soul’s immortality.

scholarly journals Fears, Tears, Trauma and Violence: A Critical Study of Physical and Psychological Fracturing Experiences in Mirza Waheed’s The Collaborator

sjesr ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-341
Author(s):  
Rana Kashif Shakeel ◽  
Dr. Farzana Masroor ◽  
Dr. Maria Farooq Maan
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
True Condition ◽  
Earthly Paradise ◽  
Mass Killings

Kashmir has been under the influence of militant forces for many decades. Violence, marginalization, and oppression at the hands of militants and the armed forces are common practices that have transformed the earthly paradise into hell. The plight of the people of Kashmir remained hidden from the world's eyes but in the first decade of the 21st century, many Kashmiri writers appeared on the horizon of the world literature to show the tormented picture of the valley to the world. Anglophone Kashmiri writings are characterized by the themes of violence and exploitative and coercive practices such as mass killings, disappearances, rapes, crackdowns, and uprootedness of the people. Mirza Waheed's The Collaborator is one of those dolefully poignant voices of Kashmir that tries to depict the true condition of the people of Kashmir. The present study intended to explore how the writer has portrayed the violent acts undertaken by the militants and armed forces resulting in traumatization and identity fragmentation of the oppressed masses. The multi-theoretical framework for this study was based on the power theory of Dennis H. Wrong (1995)  and trauma theories of Cathy Caruth (1996), Jeffrey C. Alexander (2012), and Judith L. Herman (2015).  These theories form a nexus and connect. The research focused on certain horrific events of the novel and traced the aspect of trauma resulting from violence, exploitation, and coercion. The findings of the study are eye-opening and add a contribution to the scarce body of research in the domain. It is a significant study because it highlights the condition of oppressed people that still need the attention of the world organizations, NGOs, and academic researchers for the alleviation of their trauma, misery, and excessive exploitation.

Coda: The Rosetta Stone

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Digital Code ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Rosetta Stone ◽  
The World ◽  
Western Imagination ◽  
Origin Point

Hieroglyphs have persisted for so long in the Western imagination because of the malleability of their metaphorical meanings. Emblems of readability and unreadability, universality and difference, writing and film, writing and digital media, hieroglyphs serve to encompass many of the central tensions in understandings of race, nation, language and media in the twentieth century. For Pound and Lindsay, they served as inspirations for a more direct and universal form of writing; for Woolf, as a way of treating the new medium of film and our perceptions of the world as a kind of language. For Conrad and Welles, they embodied the hybridity of writing or the images of film; for al-Hakim and Mahfouz, the persistence of links between ancient Pharaonic civilisation and a newly independent Egypt. For Joyce, hieroglyphs symbolised the origin point for the world’s cultures and nations; for Pynchon, the connection between digital code and the novel. In their modernist interpretations and applications, hieroglyphs bring together writing and new media technologies, language and the material world, and all the nations and languages of the globe....

Minorities in the Contemporary Egyptian Novel

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
First Century ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Robust Analysis ◽  
Specific Approach ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Historical Moment

This book examines questions of identity, nationalism, and marginalization in the contemporary Egyptian novel from a postcolonial lens. Under colonial rule, the Egyptian novel invoked a sovereign nation-state by basking in its perceived unity. After independence, the novel professed disenchantment with state practices and unequal class and gender relations, without disrupting the nation’s imagined racial and ethno-religious homogeneity. This book identifies a trend in the twenty-first-century Egyptian novel that shatters this singular view, with the rise of a new consciousness that presents Egypt as fundamentally heterogeneous. Through a robust analysis of “new-consciousness” novels by authors like Idris ᶜAli, Bahaᵓ Tahir, Miral al-Tahawi, and Yusuf Zaydan, the author argues that this new consciousness does not only respond to predominant discourses of difference and practices of differentiation along the axes of race, ethno-religion, class, and gender by bringing the experiences of Nubian, Amazigh, Bedouin, Coptic, Jewish, and women minorities to the fore of Egypt’s literary imaginary, but also heralds the cacophony of voices that collectively cried for social justice from Tahrir Square in Egypt’s 2011-uprising. This study responds to the changing iconographic, semiotic, and formal features of the Egyptian novel. It fulfills the critical task of identifying an emergent novelistic genre and develops historically reflexive methodologies that interpret new-consciousness novels and their mediatory role in formalizing and articulating their historical moment. By adopting this context-specific approach to studying novelistic evolution, this book locates some of the strands that have been missing from the complex whole of Egypt’s culture and literary history.

Indian Genocide – A Study Through The Works of Elizabeth Cook-Lynn

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Poonam Chourey
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Native People ◽  
The South ◽  
The People ◽  
Freedom Fighters ◽  
Purpose Of Business ◽  
Wounded Knee ◽  
Shed Light

The research expounded the turmoil, uproar, anguish, pain, and agony faced by native Indians and Native Americans in the South Dakota region.  To explain the grief, pain and lamentation, this research studies the works of Elizabeth Cook-Lyn.  She laments for the people who died and also survived in the Wounded Knee Massacre.  The people at that time went through huge exploitation and tolerated the cruelty of American Federal government. This research brings out the unchangeable scenario of the Native Americans and Native Indians.  Mr. Padmanaban shed light on the works of Elizabeth Cook-Lynn who was activist.  Mr. Padmanaban is very influenced with Elizabeth Cook-Lynn’s thoughts and works. She hails from Sioux Community, a Native American.  She was an outstanding and exceptional scholar.  She experienced the agony and pain faced by the native people.  The researcher, Mr. Padmanaban is concerned the sufferings, agony, pain faced by the South Dakota people at that time.  The researcher also is acknowledging the Indian freedom fighters who got India independence after over 200 years of sufferings.  The foreign nationals entered our country with the sole purpose of business.  Slowly and steadily the took over the reign of the country and ruled us for years, made all of us suffer a lot.

Colonial Rule and Modernization in Ballari

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Asra Afrin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Native People ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Indian Literature ◽  
Indian History ◽  
British Rule

Colonialism is one of the most important aspects of Indian history and Indian literature. The colonial rule has left its impression in both positive and negative ways. The paper looks at the positive aspects of the British rule in Ballari a District in Karnataka. The paper/article deals with the development that took place during the colonial rule in Ballari. It explores the adoption of modern technology and science and opening of missionary schools at Ballari and its positive impact on the region and regional/native people. The paper shows how the modernization and Westernization made its way in Ballari.

Basic Andragogy-Oriented Strategies and Communication in Online Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-356
Author(s):  
Anca Sîrbu
Keyword(s):  
Adult Learners ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Academic Education ◽  
Online Instructors ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The World

AbstractWith the rapid onset of an unprecedented lifestyle due to the new coronavirus COVID-19 the world academic scene was forced to reform and adapt to the novel circumstances. Although online education cannot be regarded as a groundbreaking endeavour anymore in the21st century, its current character of exclusivity calls for deeper understanding of, and a sharper focus on the “end-consumer” thereof as well as more cautious procedures to be exercised while teaching. While millennials are no longer thought of as being born with a silver spoon in their mouth but with an iPad or any sort of device in their hand (irrespective of their social status), adults are more hesitant when coerced to alter course unexpectedly and turn to new methods of attaining their learning goals. This is why proper communicative approaches need to be thoroughly considered by online instructors. This article aims at presenting teachers with a set of strategies to employ when the beneficiaries of online academic education are adult learners.

Sectarian struggle in the Middle East and the new Alliances

2019 ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Harith Qahtan Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Era ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
The World ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
Other World ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
New Formation

Our Islamic world passes a critical period representing on factional, racial and sectarian struggle especially in the Middle East, which affects the Islamic identification union. The world passes a new era of civilization formation, and what these a new formation which affects to the Islamic civilization especially in Syria, Iraq, Yemen, and Lebanon. The sectarian struggle led to heavy sectarian alliances from Arab Gulf states and Turkey from one side and Iran states and its alliances in the other side. The Sunni and Shia struggle are weaken the World Islamic civilization and it is competitive among other world civilization.

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