Cross-belt sorter - a model and analysis of selected mechanical loads

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Tomasz Piatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Motion Velocity ◽  
Mechanical Loads ◽  
Frictional Properties ◽  
Numerical Research ◽  
Sorting Efficiency ◽  
Drive Systems

This article presents the results of numerical research on operational mechanical loads, carried out for the main structural elements of a cross-belt sorter: tracks and trolleys with trays. The goal of the research was to collect data required at the stage of designing new solutions of the sorters. A novelty is an analytical model that allows to determine the influence of the motion velocity of trolleys, frictional properties and mass of sorted objects on the forces transmitted from the trolleys to the track, the sorting efficiency and power required by the drive systems.

scholarly journals Creation of Polymer Coatings for Improving of Protective Properties of Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2698-2702
Author(s):  
A.A. Orekhov, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Coatings ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Properties Of Coatings ◽  
Mechanical Loads ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Metal Plates

In this paper, the preparation of polymer coatings on the surface of metal structural elements is considered to improve their physical, mechanical and strength properties. It is shown that the behavior of substrate samples under mechanical loads can be estimated using mathematical modeling methods. The properties of coatings and the mechanical properties of coated and uncoated metal plates have been evaluated. Methods for constructing mathematical models of metal plates of various structures are proposed.

Acoustic decoupling for structural elements by affixed supports - inherent contradiction or perfect complement? Restrained vibration isolation supports - a critical review

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 2801-2811
Author(s):  
Adam Wells ◽  
Patrick Carels
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
Models Comparison ◽  
Isolation Performance

Restrained vibration isolation supports balance efficient isolation performance and stability for the supporting body under present loads. Necessary and beneficially for noise and vibration isolation applications with stringent stability requirements, such as full building isolation with potential uplift, interior partition sway bracing, curtain walls, elevator rail isolation, and mechanical vibration isolation, the performance of restrained vibration isolators are often misunderstood or oversimplified. This paper investigates the general vibration isolation theory used to create the analytical model for restrained isolation supports, intricacies of vibration isolation materials which may cause reality to diverge from well-known models, comparison of theory to laboratory testing, and a review of common uses/applications for these types of vibration isolation solutions, and recommendation to avoid undesired results from common pitfalls associated with restrained isolation supports implementation and installations.

The Role of Factor VIII C Domains in Sorting to Weibel-Palade Bodies

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 2241-2241
Author(s):  
Eveline Bouwens ◽  
Maartje van den Biggelaar ◽  
Jan Voorberg ◽  
Koen Mertens
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Factor V ◽  
C2 Domain ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Sorting Efficiency ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Abstract Abstract 2241 Recent studies have shown that factor VIII (FVIII) expressed in endothelial cells sorts with von Willebrand factor (VWF) to secretory Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs). The sorting mechanism remains controversial although VWF is thought to be essential. However, mutations that lead to impaired FVIII-VWF complex assembly do not reduce the sorting efficiency of FVIII. As factor V (FV) and FVIII are highly homologous in structure, we addressed the possibility that FV sorts to WPBs as well. Our study was designed to identify domains in FVIII that are needed for sorting to WPBs by means of domain deletions and FVIII-FV domain exchange. As the C domains of FVIII contain membrane and VWF binding sites, we particularly focused on comparing the C domains of FVIII and FV. Blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) were transduced with lentiviral vectors encoding FV, FVIII deletion mutants, or FVIII-FV chimeras. We found by confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionations that FV displays a strong reduction in sorting efficiency (2% sorting efficiency) compared to FVIII (20% sorting efficiency). This indicates that sorting to WPBs is mediated by FVIII-specific structural elements. As the C domains of FVIII are implicated in membrane and VWF binding, these domains could drive sorting to WPBs. Therefore, we constructed FVIII variants lacking C domains to establish their role in WPB sorting. Quantitative determination of the sorting efficiencies demonstrates that the C1 domain is not of major importance for sorting to WPBs (10% sorting efficiency), whereas the C2 domain is (not detectable in WPB fractions). Moreover, exchanging the FVIII C domains for corresponding domains of FV also suggests that the C2 domain drives WPB sorting (3% sorting efficiency). This leads to the conclusion that FVIII sorting to WPBs is driven by FVIII-specific structural elements in both C domains, but in particular the C2 domain. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Modeling of Interaction between the Bridge Girder and Piers with the Use of Commercial Software

2019 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Peter Havlíček ◽  
Július Šoltész
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Bridge Structure ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Commercial Software ◽  
Elastomeric Bearings ◽  
Bridge Girder ◽  
Lower Structure ◽  
Correct Representation ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual

Creating an analytical model for a bridge structure is one of the most challenging engineering tasks. For the design of all supporting elements and in all design situations., It is often necessary to create several models. One of the common modeling problems is related to the area between the bridge girder and piers. A Correct representation of the upper and lower structure interaction is particularly important in case of seismic design and the subsequent design of the piers. With a suitably built analytical model, it is possible to significantly reduce the horizontal effects from the upper structure and consequently, to reduce the shear strain of the piers. This contribution discusses the particularities of designing and modeling of bridges with elastomeric bearings. Further follows the description of the main methods for designing such structural elements in three commonly available commercial software based on the Finite Element Methods, hereinafter referred to as FEM. At the end of the paper the individual software options are compared.

Neue kostengünstige rostfreie Stähle für den Einsatz bei korrosionsgefährdeten Stahlbetontragwerken / New and inexpensive stainless steels for use in reinforced concrete structures in agressive environment

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-598
Author(s):  
A. Rechsteiner ◽  
M. O. Speidel
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Swiss Federal Institute ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Mechanical Loads ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Duplex Steel ◽  
Metal Research

Abstract Stainless steel is essentially applied in structural elements in which chemical and mechanical loads are combined and which hardly allow periodic checks. Fixations are typical examples. In case of failure dramatic consequences have to be expected. This is also valid for steel reinforcement in concrete. It is exposed to combined chemical and mechanical load, it can hardly be controled and damage leads at least to enormous costs of repair. Due to the fact that up to now the expenditures for construction are rarely considered together with the expenditures for maintenance, the use of stainless steel is still exceptional. If it is possible, however, to produce cheap steel with a corrosion resistance comparable to steel 1.4401 or even better, wide spread use of stainless steel as concrete reinforcement should be possible. New types of austenitic and duplex steel as being developed in the Laboratory for metal research of Swiss Federal Institute of Technolog (ΕΤΗ) in Zurich without Ni seem to be promising materials. In this case it is tried to replace expensive components by cheap ones such as nitrogen.

Quintuple Friction Pendulum Isolator: Behavior, Modeling, and Validation

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1607-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghun Lee ◽  
Michael C. Constantinou
Keyword(s):  
Computational Model ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Behavior Modeling ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Frictional Properties ◽  
Sliding Surfaces ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Friction Pendulum

This paper describes the behavior of the quintuple friction pendulum isolator, a spherical sliding isolator with six sliding surfaces, five effective pendula, and nine regimes of operation that allow for complex multi-stage adaptive behavior depending on the amplitude of displacement. An analytical model is presented that is capable of tracing the behavior of the isolator in two general configurations of geometric and frictional properties. This analytical model is useful for verifying computational models and in performing simplified calculations for analysis and design. A computational model that can be implemented in the program SAP2000 is also presented and verified by comparison to the analytical model. A model quintuple friction pendulum isolator has been tested and the results have been used to validate the analytical and computational models.

scholarly journals Nonlinear analysis of monolithic beam-column connections for reinforced concrete frames

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerson Alva ◽  
Alexandre Tsutake
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Nonlinear Analysis ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Concrete Frames ◽  
Computational Implementation ◽  
Monolithic Connections ◽  
Relationship Of

abstract: This paper deals with nonlinear analysis of deformability of monolithic beam-column connections for bending moments in framed reinforced concrete structures. Due to the simplicity, the connections deformability is considered by using an analytical model of moment-rotation curve. Material nonlinearity of the structural elements is considered by using the flexural stiffness obtained in moment-curvature relationship of the sections. The formulation of the analytical model to obtain the relative rotations between beam and column and the formulation to construct moment-curvature curves is deduced and presented to allow the computational implementation in structural analysis software. The numerical simulations carried out in this study indicated that even in the case of monolithic connections, taking into account the bending moment deformability of the connections leads to significantly better results than the hypothesis of fully rigid connections.

Analytical Tire Forces and Moments with Physical Parameters2

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Kamel Salaani
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Frictional Properties ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Tire Forces ◽  
Tire Models

Abstract The pneumatic tire behaves as a highly nonlinear system. Its complexity has limited the development of a complete and reasonable theory governing its mechanics. Practical tire models used in vehicle dynamics simulation and tire-related research rely basically on curve-fitted experimental data and empirical adjustments of theoretical models. This paper introduces a validated analytical model based on the physical properties of the tire by formulating the shear contact phenomena with elliptical normal pressure distribution and planar stress-strain laws. Adjustments are introduced to current methods for estimating distributed stiffness, the use of friction, and the forces saturation phenomena. The analytical model is formulated and normalized to accept tire physical parameters that are easily estimated from force and moments measurements. These parameters are universal to all tires: lateral and longitudinal stiffnesses, aligning pneumatic trail, overturning effective moment arm, and frictional properties. The method of using fundamental mechanics for modeling contact patch forces and moments with tire physical parameters constitutes a significant advancement. The tire model is validated with experimental data.

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