scholarly journals Industrial symbiosis in circular economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Natalya Yur'evna Titova
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Symbiosis Model ◽  
Industrial Value Chain

In Russian Federation the questions of transformation of the current linear model of economy into the low-carbon model having the least negative impact on the environment are very urgent. Among the ways to realize the required transition scientists recognize the introduction of the concept of circular economy, as well as the organization of a system of interaction between industrial enterprises on the basis of the principles of industrial symbiosis. The scope of application of the industrial symbiosis model in the circular economy remains insufficiently studied in the scientific environment, which actualizes its solution. There has been defined the hierarchy of conceptual and categorical apparatus of industrial symbiosis in the circular economy. Integration of the companies on the basis of using the model of industrial symbiosis takes place due to the combination of environmental and economic interests of its participants by forming the industrial value chain. Symbiotic links involve the rational use of resources, which leads to the less intensive production processes and, consequently, to the reduced carbon emissions. Obtaining a synergistic effect is an incentive that encourages industrial structures to form symbiotic links. There has been stated the growth of transaction costs, which can be designated as a negative effect of the industrial symbiosis model. The directions for reducing this influence are proposed: improving the pricing model for industrial waste, taking into account territorial proximity and the need for industry associations and unions to participate in finding partners. The concept of industrial symbiosis is considered and clarified, which includes the principles, purpose and effects to characterize this term. The conclusion about the role of industrial symbiosis in the circular economy has been made.

scholarly journals Towards Circular Economy Solutions for The Management of Rice Processing Residues to Bioenergy via Gasification

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaskalis ◽  
Skoulou ◽  
Stavropoulos ◽  
Zabaniotou
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Experimental Proof ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Rice Processing

A techno-economic assessment of two circular economy scenarios related to fluidized bed gasification-based systems for combined heat and power (CHP) generation, fueled with rice processing wastes, was conducted. In the first scenario, a gasification unit with 42,700 t/y rice husks capacity provided a waste management industrial symbiosis solution for five small rice-processing companies (SMEs), located at the same area. In the second scenario, a unit of 18,300 t/y rice husks capacity provided a waste management solution to only one rice processing company at the place of waste generation, as a custom-made solution. The first scenario of a cooperative industrial symbiosis approach is the most economically viable, with an annual revenue of 168 €/(t*y) of treated rice husks, a very good payout time (POT = 1.05), and return in investment (ROI = 0.72). The techno-economic assessment was based on experiments performed at a laboratory-scale gasification rig, and on technological configurations of the SMARt-CHP system, a decentralized bioenergy generation system developed at Aristotle University, Greece. The experimental proof of concept of rice husks gasification was studied at a temperature range of 700 to 900 °C, under an under-stoichiometric ratio of O2/N2 (10/90 v/v) as the gasification agent. Producer gas’s Lower Heating Value (LHV) maximized at 800 °C (10.9 MJ/Nm3), while the char’s Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) surface reached a max of 146 m2/g at 900 °C. Recommendations were provided for a pretreatment of rice husks in order to minimize de-fluidization problems of the gasification system due to Si-rich ash. With the application of this model, simultaneous utilization and processing of waste flows from various rice value chain can be achieved towards improving environmental performance of the companies and producing energy and fertilizer by using waste as a fuel and resource with value.

scholarly journals Exports, Misallocation, and Total Factor Productivity of Furniture Enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4892
Author(s):  
Chang Xu ◽  
Jianbing Guo ◽  
Baodong Cheng ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

With the increase in labor costs in China and the tremendous changes in the international trade environment, upgrading the total factor productivity of Chinese furniture export enterprises faces a great challenge. Lots of studies have explored the interaction of exports or misallocation on the total factor productivity (TFP) of furniture enterprises, however, there is little knowledge on the impact and interaction of both exports and misallocation on the TFP. Based on panel data of Chinese furniture enterprises, this paper measures the TFP and the distortion of labor and capital resources in Chinese furniture enterprises. A two-way fixed-effects model is used to analyze the impact of exports and misallocation on the TFP of Chinese furniture enterprises. The paper reveals several important findings. First, the TFP of Chinese furniture export enterprises is lower than that of non-export enterprises, this phenomenon is called the “export–productivity paradox”. Chinese furniture export enterprises are processing trade-oriented and labor-intensive enterprises at the low end of the value chain, exports have a negative effect on improving the TFP of furniture enterprises in the short term. Second, the distortion of labor and capital resources in Chinese furniture enterprises promotes improvements to the TFP of furniture enterprises rather than reducing the TFP of furniture enterprises. Last but not the least, we find that misallocation has a positive moderating effect on exports and can weaken the negative impact of exports on TFP by the “forced mechanism”, which is that the higher the distortion of the misallocation, the higher the cost of acquiring capital and labor, and enterprises are forced to enhance their productivity when facing market competition, thus promoting improvements to the TFP of furniture enterprises.

scholarly journals Circular economy as a key for industrial value chain resilience in a post-COVID world: what do future engineers think?

Procedia CIRP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Michael Saidani ◽  
Francois Cluzel ◽  
Bernard Yannou ◽  
Harrison Kim
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industrial Value Chain

scholarly journals The Effect of Product-Harm Crises on the Financial Value of Firms under the Concept of Green Development

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Songsong Li ◽  
Yaopan Yang ◽  
Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Brand Equity ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Product Recalls ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Product-harm crises can trigger product recalls or product discards, which is very likely to cause secondary pollution to the environment. Also, these crises may harm customers’ health and threaten firms’ survival. To foster low-carbon economy and green development in such complex systems, this paper studies the internal mechanism of the product crisis and its impact on the firm value. It proposes a two-stage model to avoid the endogeneity of product-harm crises. In the first stage, this paper assesses the effect of firms’ leverage on their capacity to produce higher quality products. In the second stage, this paper conducts the impact of these crises on stock prices. Then, it depicts the financial effects of product-harm crises over time, and analyzes the differences of such effects based on brand equity. Results show that book leverage can positively impact firms’ capacity to produce high-quality products. In addition, the market’s response to product-harm crises is significant at 1% level, and with the increase in severity, the market reaction is more prominent. Furthermore, its negative effect is persistent for a firm experiencing a severe crisis. Luckily, brand equity can mitigate this negative impact. These findings provide some ways to improve product performance and firm value in the green context.

THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF ANTI-DUMPING AND ANTI-SUBSIDY POLICIES AMONG CHINA, THE U.S. AND THE EU: THE PHOTOVOLTAIC INDUSTRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (03) ◽  
pp. 513-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUA WANG ◽  
JUE WANG ◽  
ZHONGXIAN FENG
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
The U.S ◽  
The Eu

Since the end of 2011, the U.S., the European Union (EU) and China have been searching for a trade remedy regarding each other’s photovoltaic (PV) industry. Based on the perspective of the value chain of Global Solar Energy PV industry, this paper examines related factors including the tax rate imposed on the PV industry, and uses the global simulation model (GSIM) to predict the trade impact and welfare effects generated from the “double-anti” policy (anti-dumping laws with countervailing duties). The results of the research showed that China has not yet formed a complete value chain of the PV industry that is internationally competitive. The economic effect of the “double-anti” policy on China as a result of the EU is more pronounced than that with the U.S. The “double-anti” policy will have a negative impact on China’s low carbon economy development. The authors conclude that the development of polycrystalline silicon in China needs to be supported by forcible policy measures and targeted measures are proposed.

Industrial analytics – An overview

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Gröger
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Value Chain

Abstract The digital transformation generates huge amounts of heterogeneous data across the industrial value chain, from simulation data in engineering, over sensor data in manufacturing to telemetry data on product use. Extracting insights from these data constitutes a critical success factor for industrial enterprises, e. g., to optimize processes and enhance product features. This is referred to as industrial analytics, i. e., data analytics for industrial value creation. Industrial analytics is an interdisciplinary subject area between data science and industrial engineering and is at the core of Industry 4.0. Yet, existing literature on industrial analytics is fragmented and specialized. To address this issue, this paper presents a holistic overview of the field of industrial analytics integrating both current research as well as industry experiences on real-world industrial analytics projects. We define key terms, describe typical use cases and discuss characteristics of industrial analytics. Moreover, we present a conceptual framework for industrial analytics that structures essential elements, e. g., data platforms and data roles. Finally, we conclude and highlight future research directions.

scholarly journals Determinants of the Formation of a Global Inclusive Circular Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (516) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
I. Y. Zvarych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Use Of Resources

The transitive path of transition from linear to circular economy is marked by a change in the positioning of global risks from year to year, which is strictly defined by the determinants of such a change. Thus, the main risks for 2020 according to the World Economic Forum are those related to the environment and occupy the first positions in the ranking for the last three years (in particular, in 2019, the most influential was the risk of extreme weather events). A gradual increase in awareness of this risk has led to a change in the moods of both manufacturers and consumers. Experts assessed climate change as the main risk in 2019, ahead of losses from cyberattacks, financial instability and terrorism. Thus, in order to mitigate this risk in 2020, the global business community proposed to implement circular «constructions», reducing the use of resources and prioritizing low-carbon materials. The potential consequences of the transition to a circular economy regarding greenhouse gas emissions are significant, and they can be achieved mainly by increasing the efficiency of resource use; increasing the useful life of buildings and assets; increase in processing and reuse and absolute reduction of the use of primary raw materials. Reducing the intensity of materials production, sustainable land use and rehabilitation, protection of ecosystems, efficiency of the use of resources and renewable energy sources – all this is related to the concept of a circular economy that will help preserve natural capital. Thus, a circular economy can be seen as an effective strategy to help mitigate climate change.

scholarly journals Tracing Relationship between Cluster’s Performance and Transition to the Circular Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13933
Author(s):  
Kristina Razminienė ◽  
Irina Vinogradova-Zinkevič ◽  
Manuela Tvaronavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Cluster Performance ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Selection Of

Clusters are defined as geographically close groups of organizations that work together to gain a competitive advantage. Clusters’ shared activities involve knowledge sharing, a common pool of resources, innovations, and cooperation. From a more advanced perspective, clusters can work in industrial symbiosis sharing resources, energy, water, and other products. Tendencies of recent research indicate the growing interest in shifting to an efficient use of resources and sustainable development through the circular economy (CE). Clusters can work as enablers of CE to achieve a competitive advantage. The purpose of this study is to trace the relationships between cluster performance and shifting to the CE indicators. Correlation analysis was used as a method to indicate the relationships between pairs of clusters’ performance and shifting to the CE indicators. The limitations of the research refer to the selection of the indicators as both concepts gain insights, although still debatable. The results show that 16 out of 25 cluster performance indicators were identified that have strong or moderate relationships among pairs while shifting to the CE indicators. These indicators are recommended to be included in observation, benchmarking, or evaluation of the clusters’ activities. They can be significant in monitoring the development of shifting to the CE or in combinations with other research areas.

TO THE QUESTION OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF ARTIFICIAL PLANTATIONS OF PITSUNDSKAYA PINE IN THE SEASIDE AREA OF GELENDZHIK

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Derevenets ◽  
Elizaveta Derevenets
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Road ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Gelendzhik is the resort town, there aren't a lot of industrial enterprises here. The main pollutant is transport. The work purpose is the assessment of a condition of the artificial landings of a pine located along the Federal highway "Don" and landings, which is nearly the sea coast. Researches were conducted to a standard technique of the General vital state (A. S. Bogolyubov). The assessment of a condition of pines was carried out during 6 years: from 2010 to 2015. For carrying out research we used 6 experimental grounds on the Markotkhsky spine and 2 control grounds within the town. We investigated 24 trees on each platform, middle age of the trees were 30 - 40 years. Results. 1. The condition of trees in the pine forests located in immediate proximity with the Federal highway "Don" (No. 1, 2, 3) is unsatisfactory. As even weak influences of the majority of atmospheric gaseous pollutants (sulphurous gas, nitrogen oxides, etc.) give effect of a necrosis and hloroz of pine needles, the condition of pines is connected with technogenic pollution. So near the Federal highway "Don" the air environment is strongly polluted by exhaust gases. Information of 2012 confirm that negative influence of the route on Markotkh's vegetation decreases at reduction of load of the route. 2. On the sites located above on a slope (No. 4,5,6) thanks to remoteness and the wind mode intensity of influence of pollutants is lower and a condition of pines the quite satisfactory. 3. Trees on the sites located near the sea (No. 7,8) are in a good shape. Small deterioration of a state is noted in very droughty years. Conclusion. Results of six years' research show that the condition of the plantings which are in close proximity with the road worsens. It is explained by increase in intensity of the movement on the road, especially during a resort season. Gelendzhik is the city with a good ecological shape, but the damage to environment is already caused. If not to take measures, we can lose a unique part of the nature in the future, recreate it will be impossible. Measures of reduction of negative impact of exhaust gases were offered. Results of researches are transferred to ecological department of the City administration of Gelendzhik.

PD-L1 and survival in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-294
Author(s):  
S. I. Kutukova ◽  
N. P. Beliak ◽  
G. A. Raskin ◽  
M. S. Mukhina ◽  
Yu. V. Ivaskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Effect Of Pd

Relevance. Prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) and its effect on survival is still controversial. It should be to determine the prognostic role of PD-L1 expression on tumor and immune cells of OCSCC and assess their effect on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).Materials and methods. A prospective study included 145 patients, first diagnosed with OCSCC. PD-L1 expression on tumor and immune cells, infiltrating tumor and its microenvironment, was assessed in all tumor samples by IHC, CPS was calculated. Cut-off values were determined by ROC analysis for identification of PD-L1 expression effect on OS and PFS.Results. Most patients with oral mucosa squamous cell carcinoma showed positive expression of PD-L1 on tumor (77.2%) and immune cells (92.4%). The median PD-L1 expression on tumor cells was 13.5% [1.0-40.0], the median PD-L1 expression on immune cells was 5.0% [1.0-11.0], and the median CPS – 18.0 [3.0-7.8]. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed a significant negative effect of PD-L1 expression on immune cells ≤ 7% on OS (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.45-0.93; p = 0.0498); PD-L1 expression in tumor cells ≤ 15% (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.43-0.98; p = 0.0416) and CPS ≤ 21 (HR 0.62; 95% CI 0.44-0.92; p = 0.0183) for PFS. PD-L1 expression in tumor cells ≤ 6% (HR 0.71; 95% CI 0.47-1.08; p = 0.1096) and CPS ≤ 7 (RR 0.67; 95% CI 0.44-1.01; p = 0.0575) had a confident tendency to negative impact on OS.Conclusion. Positive PD-L1 expression in tumor and immune cells as well as CPS are effective additional factors in the prognosis of the disease course, OS and PFS in patients with OCSCC.

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