scholarly journals SEED GERMINATION BEHAVIOUR, SEEDLING GROWTH, MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES OF RICE GROWN IN CADMIUM-ADDED SOIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
M. Zahidul Islam Hawlader TUHIN ◽  
◽  
Taufika Islam ANEE ◽  
Naznin AHMED ◽  
Mira RAHMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Spad Value

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of cadmium (Cd) stress on germination, morphology, physiology and yield of rice. There were five treatments, viz. control (no Cd), 0.5 mM CdCl2, 1 mM CdCl2, 1.5 mM CdCl2 and 2 mM CdCl2, carried out by a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Cadmium stress caused a significant reduction of plant height and tillers hill-1 in a dose-dependent manner. The highest decline of relative water content and SPAD value was found at 1.5 mM (11 and 16%) and 2 mM (14 and 19%) Cd stress compared to the control. The number of effective tillers hill-1, filled grains panicle-1, 1000-grain weight, length of panicle, grain yield and straw yield reduced significantly by 44, 32, 15, 24, 37 and 45%, respectively, over the control. Germination and seedling-related parameters were recorded 10 days after germination. The lowest germination percentage (27%), germination index (27%) and seedling vigour index (49%) were observed at the highest level of Cd stress in comparison to the control. Cadmium stress resulted in maximum abnormal seedlings and markedly reduced length of root and shoot as well as their fresh and dry weight. Root shoot ratio showed differential responses to Cd stress. Thus, it can be concluded that a higher level of Cd in soil has a detrimental effect on seed germination, morphology, physiology and yield of rice.

scholarly journals Effect of Soaking Treatment on Germination of Hard Coated Tropical Forest Tree Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Juventine Boaz Odoi ◽  
David Mugeni ◽  
Robert Kiiza ◽  
Betty Apolot ◽  
Samson Gwali
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Terminalia Catappa ◽  
Maesopsis Eminii

Seed germination and seedling growth performance of Maesopsis eminii and Terminalia catappa under different water soaking treatments were evaluated for 120 days under nursery conditions. A total of 1400 seeds were pre-treated with hot (95oC) and cold water (ambient temperature) by soaking for 12, 24 and 48 hours with a control of no soaking. The seeds were sown directly into polythene pots filled with uniform growth medium (top forest soil, sand and clay soilmixed in a ratio of 5:3:2) to avoid disturbance of the root system after germination. The seeds were sown in a randomized block design with seven treatments and three replicates. Data were analysed using ANOVA in GenStat v18. Results indicated that soaking enhanced seed germination. Soaking of seeds in cold water for 12 hours resulted into higher germination (90% for Terminalia catappa and 85% for Maesopsis eminii) than the control (48%). Soaking period and water temperature significantly influenced seedling vigour (F value = 0.962; p = 0.038). Soaking seeds in cold water for 24 hours enhanced Maesopsis eminii seedling growth by 8.0 cm Terminalia catappa seedlings by 7.4 cm. Seed dormancy, germination percentage and growth performance in hard coated seeds such as Maesopsis eminii and Terminalia catappa can be broken by soaking in cold water for 12-24 hours. Pre-germination treatments significantly influences the germination and seedling growth. Keywords: Maesopsis eminii, Terminalia catappa, seeds, pre-germination, soaking.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Posisi Skarifikasi Benih dan Perendaman Air Kelapa terhadap Perkecambahan Biji dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Sirsak (Annona muricata L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Arya Agung Pranata ◽  
Asil Barus ◽  
Meiriani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Germination And Growth

The problem of generative propagation of soursop is its seeds take a long time to germinate which are caused by the hard seed coat. The solution to solve that problem is scarification and coconut water soaking to simply the process of imbibition and seed germination and also stimulate the growth of shoot. This objective of the research was to determine the effect of the scarification position and the soaking with various concentrations of coconut water on seed germination and growth of soursop seedling. This research was held at the Faculty of Agriculture field, the University of Sumatera Utara in March - July 2017. The research used a factorial randomized block design with two factors and three replication. The first factor is the scarification position (without scarification, stomach scarification, top scarification) and the second factor is coconut water soaking (0%; 25%; 50%; 75 %). The result of the research showed that the germination rate parameter, germination percentage, crop height, number of leaves, root volume and dry weight of crop significantly higher on without scarification treatment than with scarification treatment. The interaction between the scarification position and soaking with various coconut water concentrations was not significantly affecting the seed germination and growth of soursop seedling.

scholarly journals Potensi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga untuk Mitigasi Cekaman Salinitas pada Perkecambahan Benih Kedelai

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Maman Suryaman ◽  
Ida Hodiyah ◽  
Neng Inten
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Peel Extract

<p>Salinity stress has negative effect on seed germination; therefore, it is necessary to find technology to mitigate it. The research was conducted to study the potency of peel extract of dragon fruit to mitigate salinity stress on soybean seed germination. This research used a randomized block design with factorial patterns and three replications. The first factor was the level of salinity of NaCl (C), consisted of 3 levels (c<sub>0</sub> = 0%, c<sub>1</sub>=0.5%, c<sub>2</sub>=1%), The second factor was peel extract of dragon fruit (I), consisted of 3 levels (i<sub>0</sub> = 0% (control), i<sub>1 </sub>= 1%, and i<sub>2</sub>=2%). The parameters analyzed were germination percentage, germination rate, root length, epicotyl length, electric conductivity, and dry weight of sprout. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test at α = 5 %. The result showed no interaction between salinity stress and peel extract of dragon fruit on soybean seed germination. Salinity stress significantly decreased sprout vigor with the highest decrease was shown at 1% salinity; on contrarily peel extract of dragon fruit could maintain sprout vigor. Peel extract of dragon fruit 2% was the potential to mitigate salinity stress.</p>

Effects of Na2CO3 on seed germination, seed reserve utilizationand seedling growth in bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sepehri ◽  
Maryam Saman ◽  
Somayeh Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Bitter Vetch

Alkalinity is one of the main limiting factors of seed germination in alkaline soils. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Na2CO3 levels (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mM) on seed germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling vigour of three local bitter vetch cultivars (Buinzahra, Shahreza and Tarom). The results indicated that increasing Na2CO3 concentrations caused a decrease in germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), seedling length, seedling dry weight (SLDW) and seed reserve utilization efficiency (SRUE). The rate of reduction in shoot length in comparison with the control in different concentrations of Na2CO3 was detected from Buinzahra as 30-92%, Shahreza 39-97% and Tarom 13-83%. Decrease in root length was more than shoot length in all the cultivars at each Na2CO3 level, as compared to the control. The weight of mobilized seed reserve (WMSR) and seed reserve depletion percentage (SRDP) decreased with increasing Na2CO3 levels up to 10 mM in Buinzahra and Tarom cultivars and up to 15 mM in Shahreza. WMSR and SRDP then rapidly raised with higher alkalinity levels. These results suggest that reduction of seed germination and decline in seedling dry weight in response to alkalinity stress is a consequence of decline in seed reserve utilization efficiency.

scholarly journals In vitro effect of seed bio-priming techniques on seed germination and seedling vigour of few vegetable crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 702-709
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Jaiman ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Acharya ◽  
Naziya P. Pathan ◽  
Amol J. Deshmukh ◽  
Haresh A. Desai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Vitro Effect

Bio-priming can also be viewed as a new technique of seed treatment using biological agents to stimulate germination of seed and growth of the plant and further protecting the seed from soil-and seed-borne pathogens. The present investigation was carried out in vitro conditions on seed germination and seedling vigour of few vegetable crops viz.  tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), brinjal (Solanum melongena L.), onion (Allium cepa L.) and chilli (Capsicum annuum L.), during 2015 and 2016. The treatments comprised viz. T1: Non primed seeds (Control), T2: Seed treatment with Carbendazim 2.5g/kg seed, T3: Hydro-priming for 6 hrs, T4: Hydro-priming for 12 hrs, T5: Hydro-priming for 18 hrs, T6: Biopriming with Trichoderma  viride for 6 hrs, T7: Biopriming with T.viride for 12 hrs, T8: Biopriming with T.viride for 18 hrs, T9: Biopriming with Trichoderma harzianum for 6 hrs, T10: Biopriming with T. harzianum for  12 hrs, T11: Biopriming with T. harzianum for 18 hrs, T12: Biopriming with Pseudomonas fluorescens for 6 hrs, T13: Biopriming with P. fluorescens for 12 hrs and T14: Biopriming with P. fluorescens for 18 hrs.  The results revealed that maxiumum germination percentage (92.92, 90.77,83.00 and 86.33), seedling length (32.38 cm, 29.35 cm, 31.75 and 31.60 cm), seedling fresh weight (2.07 g, 4.01 g, 3.05 g and 2.04 g),  seedling dry weight (0.42 g, 0.86 g, 0.62 g and 0.42 g) and seedling vigour index (3008.11, 2664.00, 2635.00 and 2728.00) were recorded in T10 (bio priming with T. harzianum for 12 hrs) in tomato (S. lycopersicum L.), brinjal (S. melongena L.), onion (A. cepa L.) and chilli (C. annuum L.), respectively. Thus, it indicated that priming of seeds of these crops with T. harzianum/P. fluorescens/ T. viride  for 12 hrs was very effective with respect to their vegetative growth along with the quality yield.

scholarly journals Growth and Antioxidant Responses in Iron-Biofortified Lentil under Cadmium Stress

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Ruchi Bansal ◽  
Swati Priya ◽  
Harsh Kumar Dikshit ◽  
Sherry Rachel Jacob ◽  
Mahesh Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Cd Tolerance ◽  
Controlled Conditions

Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous heavy metal, toxic to our ecosystem even at low concentrations. Cd stress negatively affects plant growth and development by triggering oxidative stress. Limited information is available on the role of iron (Fe) in ameliorating Cd stress tolerance in legumes. This study assessed the effect of Cd stress in two lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) varieties differing in seed Fe concentration (L4717 (Fe-biofortified) and JL3) under controlled conditions. Six biochemical traits, five growth parameters, and Cd uptake were recorded at the seedling stage (21 days after sowing) in the studied genotypes grown under controlled conditions at two levels (100 μM and 200 μM) of cadmium chloride (CdCl2). The studied traits revealed significant genotype, treatment, and genotype × treatment interactions. Cd-induced oxidative damage led to the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde in both genotypes. JL3 accumulated 77.1% more H2O2 and 75% more lipid peroxidation products than L4717 at the high Cd level. Antioxidant enzyme activities increased in response to Cd stress, with significant genotype, treatment, and genotype × treatment interactions (p < 0.01). L4717 had remarkably higher catalase (40.5%), peroxidase (43.9%), superoxide dismutase (31.7%), and glutathione reductase (47.3%) activities than JL3 under high Cd conditions. In addition, L4717 sustained better growth in terms of fresh weight and dry weight than JL3 under stress. JL3 exhibited high Cd uptake (14.87 mg g−1 fresh weight) compared to L4717 (7.32 mg g−1 fresh weight). The study concluded that the Fe-biofortified lentil genotype L4717 exhibited Cd tolerance by inciting an efficient antioxidative response to Cd toxicity. Further studies are required to elucidate the possibility of seed Fe content as a surrogacy trait for Cd tolerance.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC INFLUENCE OF TRIANTHIMA PORTULACASTRUM L. ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTAL RESPONSES OF SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Prabhakaran J ◽  
Kavitha D
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Developmental Responses

An experiment was conducted in order to determine the allelopathic effects of the aqueous extract of Trianthima portulacastrum L.on the seed germination, seedling growth and chlorophyll content ofsesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Greenhouse experiment was carried out as RCBD (Randomized complete block design)with four replications. Treatments included 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% (W/W) residues of whole plant of T.portulacastrum with normal field soil. Results showed that the low concentrations of T.portulacastrum had no significant effect on the germination percentage, seedling length, dry weight, total chlorophyll contents at lower concentration(1%) of weed residues. However, treatments with higher concentrations had negative effects on germination, growth and seedling dry weight of sesame.

scholarly journals Effects of Cover Methods and Nitrogen Levels on the Growth and Yield of Tomato

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1021-1033
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Loan ◽  
Tran Thi My Can
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Black Plastic

To study the effects of cover methods and nitrogen (N) levels on the growth and yield components of tomato Cv. Pear F1, field experiments with a 4x3 factorial design were conducted in the 2019 spring and winter seasons using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The cover methods included four treatments: bare soil (BS), black plastic mulch (BPM), transparent polypropylene row cover (RC), and a combination of BPM and RC (BPMRC) with the RC removed approximately 30 days after transplanting. Nitrogen (N) was applied at three levels (150, 180, and 210 kg N ha-1). Using BPM and RC generally led to an increased air temperature, air humidity, soil moisture, and soil temperature compared to the BS treatment. Higher N rates (180 and 210 kg N ha-1) did not result  in different tomato fruit sizes and fruit weights but positively increased fruit yield and quality (Brix values and fruit dry weight) as compared to the 150 kg N ha-1 addition. The cover methods positively affected the yield components and fruit yield of tomato as well as the fruit characteristics compared to the BS treatment. Using cover materials (BPM and RC) combined with a higher N application significantly increased the yield attributes and fruit yield. The highest fruit yield was achieved under the mulching treatment by black plastic (BPM treatment) combined with a 210 kg N ha-1 application, resulting in 50.90 tons ha-1 in the spring and 58.27 tons ha-1 in the winter.

scholarly journals Development of priming technology for enhanced planting value of seeds in kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 735-743
Author(s):  
Umesh Hiremath ◽  
Basave Gowda ◽  
Lokesh G.Y . ◽  
B. S. Ganiger
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Vigour Index

The continuous rise in global population demands more food production under limited land resources accompanied by climate change. More oversupply of quality seeds to meet ever-growing food demand is a highly challenging task. Seeds with low vigour level limit the growth and yield of crops at varied field conditions. Hence, an experiment was conducted to develop a technique for the fast and homogeneous growth of kabuli chickpea seeds. The priming treatments evaluated in the present study enhanced the various seed quality parameters of kabuli chickpea significantly when compared to control. Hydro-priming for 4 hours (at 20°C) and air drying for 72 hours showed better results compared to rest of the treatments both in fresh seeds which recorded higher first count (66.38%), germination (92.50%) root length (11.85 cm), shoot length (6.16), mean seedling length (18.01), dry seedling weight (747 mg), seedling vigour index-I (1665), higher speed of emergence (0.3992) and old seeds with higher first count (61.88%), germination (74.13%) root length (8.15 cm), shoot length (5.85 cm), mean seedling length (14.00 cm), seedling dry weight (611 mg), seedling vigour index-I (1056), higher speed of emergence (0.3814). The aged seeds have recorded 29 % increase in germination percentage in contrast to 8 percent increases in fresh seeds. Kabuli chickpea seeds could be subjected to hydropriming, an affordable, alternative, and eco-friendly technique for improving seed and seedling vigour of kabuli chickpea.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Alnus maritima from Its Three Disjunct Populations

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Schrader ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
Disjunct Populations ◽  
Alnus Maritima ◽  
Multiple Groups ◽  
Managed Landscapes

Genotypic variation and horticultural potential of Alnus maritima [Marsh.] Nutt. (seaside alder), a large shrub or small tree found naturally in only three small, disjunct populations, have not been studied. We examined effects of population of origin and environment on seed germination and growth and morphology of seedlings. The first experiment showed that 6 weeks of cold stratification optimized germination of half-sibling seeds from Oklahoma at 73.2%. When this treatment was applied to multiple groups of half-siblings from all populations in a second experiment, seeds from Oklahoma had a higher germination percentage (55.0%) than seeds from Georgia (31.4%) and the Delmarva Peninsula (14.7%). In a third experiment, morphology and growth of multiple groups of half-siblings from all three populations were compared in one environment. Leaves of seedlings from Oklahoma were longer (12.8 cm) and more narrow (2.15 length to width ratio) than leaves of seedlings from Georgia (12.0 cm long; ratio = 1.76) and the Delmarva Peninsula (11.6 cm long; ratio = 1.86). Seedlings from Oklahoma and Georgia accumulated dry weight at higher rates (181 and 160 mg·d-1, respectively) than seedlings from Delmarva (130 mg·d-1), while seedlings from Oklahoma and Delmarva were more densely foliated (0.72 and 0.64 leaves and lateral shoots per centimeter of primary stem, respectively) than those from Georgia (0.46 per cm). These differences indicate genetic divergence among the three disjunct populations and the potential to exploit genetic variation to select horticulturally superior A. maritima for use in managed landscapes.

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