scholarly journals Regiones y procesos urbano-rurales en el estado de Querétaro, 1960-2005 / Urban-rural Regions and Processes in the state of Querétaro, 1960-2005

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Alfonso Serna Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Urban Rural

En el estado de Querétaro se han desarrollado ciertos procesos que han acarreado transformaciones en el campo y sus agentes. Con la aplicación de las políticas económicas neoliberales el agro cayó en diferentes formas de crisis que, al conjugarse con la fuerza de trabajo y el capital, impusieron nuevas características a la actividad productiva y a la organización del territorio, la cual se ha diversificado y articulado a varios nodos influidos por los grandes centros urbanos. Se presentan aquí cuatro regiones y se analizan a partir de una perspectiva que reconoce que la interacción del campo y los procesos urbanos es esencial para la comprensión de lo regional. AbstractIn the state of Querétaro, there have been processes that have involved transformations of the countryside and its agents. As a result of neoliberal economic policies, the countryside experienced various forms of crisis which, in conjunction with the labor force and capital, defined new features of productive activity and territorial organization, which was both diverse and linked to various nodes, albeit with the influence of large urban centers. Four regions are proposed and analyzed from a perspective that acknowledges that the interaction of the countryside and urban processes is crucial to an understanding of regional issues.

Socio-Economic Characteristics of Immigrants in Western Greece Region: Urban – Rural Continuum or Divide?

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Iosifides ◽  
Thanasis Kizos ◽  
Elektra Petracou ◽  
Ekaterini Malliotaki ◽  
Konstantina Katsimantou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Limited Role ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Western Greece

This paper aims at an investigation of factors of differentiation of basic social and economic characteristics of foreign immigrants in the Region of Western Greece. The paper explores whether the thesis of urban-rural divide is relevant for the differentiation of immigrants’ socio-economic characteristics in a typical Region of Greece, where there is a strong interplay between major urban centers and large rural areas. Findings show that spatial factors play a very limited role in the differentiation of socio-economic characteristics of immigrants and indicate that other factors are more important. Thus, and as regards socio-economic characteristics of immigrants, the overall picture is that of urban-rural continuum rather than divide. 

scholarly journals Indicators of the Tourist Attractiveness of Urban–Rural Communes and Sustainability of Peripheral Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6968
Author(s):  
Natalia Świdyńska ◽  
Mirosława Witkowska-Dąbrowska
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Development Pattern ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Tourist Infrastructure ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Jobs

The elements which determine a peripheral area’s level of tourist attractiveness, such as tourist infrastructure and tourist values, should be developed in urban–rural communes in peripheral areas, where tourism may be one of the forces capable of stimulating sustainable development. This study covered urban–rural communes of the province of Warmia and Mazury in Poland. Urban–rural communes are specific areas where urban–rural linkages are often important. The research was carried out in accordance with Hellwig’s taxonomic development pattern method. The study found no complementary relationship between tourism values and tourism infrastructure with regards to creating tourism attractiveness. Tourism attractiveness was found to be more affected by tourism infrastructure. However, in units with larger urban centers, tourist values were found to significantly contribute to tourist attractiveness. The presented results provide a good basis for further research on the impact of global trends on regional development. At the same time, the analyzed framework provides guidance for ensuring the development of local tourism, and the study’s suggested priorities and measures could lead to the development of tourism in peripheral regions, which should in turn attract new investments, create new jobs, and thus develop the economy and the welfare of the population.

scholarly journals A system divided: the state of neurosurgical training in modern-day Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. E2
Author(s):  
Walter C. Jean ◽  
Trong Huynh ◽  
Tuan A. Pham ◽  
Hung M. Ngo ◽  
Hasan R. Syed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Neurosurgical Training ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
The North ◽  
Certification Standard ◽  
Definition Of

The current report is the first of its kind in describing the neurosurgical training in modern-day Vietnam. Starting with in-depth face-to-face interviews, followed by electronically distributed questionnaires, a detailed picture of the training systems emerged.Neurosurgical training in Vietnam is multifaceted and dichotomous. The country of nearly 100 million people currently has only one neurosurgery-specific residency program, at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City (UMPHCMC). This program lasts for 3 years, and Westerners might recognize many similarities to programs native to their countries. A similar training program exists in the north, at the Hanoi Medical University, but at this institution, trainees focus on neurosurgery only in the final year of their 3-year training. Neurosurgical training that resembles the program in Hanoi permeates the rest of the country, and the goal for all of the programs is to rapidly produce surgeons who can be dispersed throughout the country to treat patients requiring urgent neurosurgical procedures who are medically unsuitable for transfer to large urban centers and multispecialty hospitals. For the privilege of practicing elective neurosurgery, trainees around the country are required to acquire further training in Ho Chi Minh City or Hanoi or during fellowships abroad.A clear description of the neurosurgical training systems in Vietnam is hard to achieve, as there exist many diverse pathways and no standard definition of the endpoint for training. Unification and a clearer certification standard will likely help to elevate the standards of training and the state of neurosurgical practice in Vietnam.

scholarly journals AN EMPLOYMENT PROJECTION MODEL IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR IN THE STATE OF PAHANG: A CASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Ezanee Mohamed Elias ◽  
Noor Hidayah Abu ◽  
Nor Hasni Osman ◽  
Alminnourliza Noordin ◽  
Azhar Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
State Government ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Projection Model

Pahang is a state that is constantly intensifying development efforts to ensure the well-being of its people in achieving the target of becoming a viable state by 2050. However, the Covid-19 pandemic crisis has threatened the well-being of the population, especially the negative impact on the socio-economic landscape. As a result, almost all economic and social sectors were closed and has resulted in workers experiencing wage reductions, layoffs, and consequently rising unemployment rates. Therefore, Pahang state government needs to optimize all the opportunities available, among them is throughout efficient and effective management of employment resources. This study is a case study under the topic of employment resource management for the Pahang state government. The main objective of this study is to support Pahang state government in identifying the projected source of labor for the year 2020-2025, especially in the industrial sector. Apart from that, this study also seeks to help the Pahang state government by identifying factors related to the development of the industrial sector in line with the increase in employment resources. To realize the objectives of the study, secondary data were fully used in the data analysis. The results of the data analysis have projected that employment resources in the state of Pahang will increase approximately by 5,000 people a year and will reach a total of 1.77 million by 2025. The total labor force also increased from 748,000 in 2021 to 767,300 people in 2025 with Labor Force Participation Rate equivalent to 63.31%. At the same time the projection also records the total external labor force increasing to 42,400 people although at the same time the total working population increased to 733,600 people. The study also proposes employment projections in the industrial sector from 2021 to 2025. It is hoped that various initiatives that are implemented by various stakeholders to the industrial sector in Pahang could offers innovative employment opportunities to various sections of society to enhance socio-economic growth and spread the wellbeing to the society.

scholarly journals Increases in Intimate Partner Violence During COVID-19: Prevalence and Correlates

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110525
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Peitzmeier ◽  
Lisa Fedina ◽  
Louise Ashwell ◽  
Todd I. Herrenkohl ◽  
Rich Tolman
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The State ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Measures to contain the global COVID-19 pandemic led to stay-at-home orders across the world, accompanied by fears of a global surge in intimate partner violence (IPV). We administered an online general-population survey to 1169 women and transgender/nonbinary individuals throughout the state of Michigan in June–August 2020 to assess changes in the prevalence, severity, and correlates of IPV during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quota sampling was used to match the racial/ethnic and urban/rural distribution of the state. More than one in seven (15.1%) participants reported physical, sexual, psychological, or technology-facilitated IPV since COVID, similar to the prevalence in the 3 months before COVID (16.2%). However, there were indications that IPV severity increased and that novel cases of IPV are occurring in relationships that previously had no abuse. A majority (64.2%) of individuals who experienced IPV since COVID reported that the IPV was new to the relationship (34.1%) or of increased severity during COVID-19 (26.6%), representing 9.7% of the overall sample. New or increased IPV was significantly more prevalent among those who were essential workers, pregnant, unable to afford rent, unemployed/underemployed or had recent changes to their job, had partners with recent changes to employment, and those who had gotten tested or tested positive for COVID-19. Urban residence, trans/nonbinary identity, and having a toddler were more strongly associated with IPV during COVID as compared to before COVID. While findings do not support significant changes in the overall prevalence of IPV, the majority of survivors reported incident IPV in relationships that had not previously been abusive, or IPV that became more severe since the start of the pandemic. Cases of new or increased IPV were more concentrated in marginalized groups. Potential touchpoints for outreach and services during future lockdowns include prenatal and pediatric settings, daycares, employers of essential workers, and COVID-19 testing centers. Policies providing rental, childcare, and unemployment support may mitigate increases in IPV during COVID-19.

scholarly journals Ideology and Pragmatism: Discourse Factors in Infrastructure Development in Indonesia’s Jokowi-JK Era

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Fredick Broven Ekayanta
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Ernesto Laclau ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Government

The discussion about development discourse in a country talking about how an idea affect economic policies. In Indonesia, the development discourse continues to change depending on the ruling regime. After the reformation, the dominant discourse is a neoliberal one that minimizes the role of the state in development. During the reign of Jokowi-JK, however, the role of the state strengthened. The government plans to build a massive infrastructure of the physical economy. The government legitimized its choice of action as the implementation of the Pancasila and Trisakti ideologies. Using the theories of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, this article argues that the state legitimizes its policies as implementing ideology by building infrastructure development discourse, but covers only pragmatic practices that occur. The practices themselves are pragmatic because the government ignored the fate and rights of citizens affected by infrastructure development.

scholarly journals Branding of Cultural Tourism Objects of the United Territorial Communities of the Southern Megaregion of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-447
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Pavlov ◽  
Tatiana Pavlova ◽  
Iryna Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Scientific Exploration ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Political Foundations ◽  
Spatial Formations

AbstractThe process of decentralization of power and governance, which takes place in Ukraine through the voluntary unification of territorial communities, has laid the foundations for reforming the administrative territorial structure and territorial organization of power. Taking into account the state making nature of these transformations in the context of Ukraine’s European integration efforts, the article substantiates theoretical and applied fundamentals of branding of cultural tourism objects of the united territorial communities (UTC), reveals his role in constructing local identity of these social and spatial formations. The methodology of the study covers three main thematic blocks: legal and political foundations of the creation of a UTC; features of UTC branding; conceptualization and classification of brand projects of cultural tourism objects of the UTC. The factors that inhibit the branding process of cultural tourism objects of these communities were identified, conclusions were drawn, and perspective directions for further scientific exploration were outlined.

scholarly journals Greenspace availability or greenspace usability, which matters on PM2.5-related premature deaths: evidence from 360 cities in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingru Yang ◽  
Yijin Wang ◽  
Fangzheng Li ◽  
Yuge Xie ◽  
Xiaoli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Deprived Areas

Abstract Greenspace exposure is confirmed to reduce air pollution-related negative health impact. However, which type of greenspace exposure matters more on mitigating air pollution-related deaths and whether this effect is regionally different remain unclear. Here we show, greenspace usability exposure plays a more significant role in mitigating PM2.5-related premature deaths in 360 China cities generally speaking. By clustering 360 cities into urban-rural and Deprivation Index groups, we further find that greenspace availability and usability together work on respiratory health in rural regions, and greenspace availability matters more in very low deprived areas or urban and rural regions. Our results that increasing greenspace usability exposure is more helpful in reducing air pollution-related premature deaths may inform more effective and equitable greenspace planning policies in rapidly developing countries like China.

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