scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR PERCERAIAN PADA MASYARAKAT MUSLIM KOTA PALU (ANALISIS SOSIOLOGIS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-94
Author(s):  
Sitti Nurkhaerah ◽  
Hamiyuddin Hamiyuddin
Keyword(s):  
Major Influence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Religious Courts

The phenomenon of divorce is also inseparable from various causes, so that it becomes the reason for husband or wife to file for divorce at the religious court. In addition, the impact of divorce will have a major influence on the psychology of parties, the environment and the children are no exception. Specifically in Central Sulawesi, the number of divorces that occurred during 2016 was 2,699 cases handled by the Religious Courts in 13 districts and cities. This figure has increased when compared to 2015 only 2,490 cases. In addition, from this overall figure, it is noted that wives dominate filing for divorce compared to husbands.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Certified EFL Teachers Pertaining to Teacher Certification Program in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anshari Syafar
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Certification ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Teaching Performance ◽  
Certification Program ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Central Sulawesi

The state and condition of Indonesian teachers have gradually changed to a better nuance due to the compensation of teacher certification program (TCP). The program has conceivably raised the status of the teachers in social and economic lives. However, the impact of the program on the improvement of overall teacher‘s quality—teaching performance as mandated by Teacher and Lecturer Law remains questionable, and the big question is what and how teachers perceive and act in response to the objective of the program. The program aims not only to increase the teachers‘ salary, but also to improve the quality of their teaching performance based on the teacher standard competence, that is pedagogical, personality, social, and professional competences. Therefore, the study explore and describe certified EFL teachers‘ perceptions concerning benefits of the program on thier social and economic lives, improvement and quality of their teaching practices; perceptions on the ways management ran the program; and expectations for better services of the TCP management. 

scholarly journals The Discourse and Practice of Islamic Family Law in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 5201-5212
Author(s):  
Nurrohman Syarif
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Court System ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
Law System ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Civil Law System ◽  
Religious Courts

Family law is the most powerful law practiced in Islamic history, but this does not mean that it avoids the demands of changing times. Today, there are no less than thirteen problems related to family law that have arisen in the Muslim world. This problem arises not only because of demands for changing times, but also because of efforts to unify, codify and legislate Islamic law in a number of Muslim countries. This problem requires not only solutions but also reforms. This study aims to examine the model of understanding, practicing, reforming and transforming Islamic law in Indonesia and its impact on the position of standard classical fiqh books and the independence of judges in the Religious Courts. This research is a non-doctrinal normative qualitative research type. This study found a variety of models in the exploration, practice and reform of family law in Indonesia. The impact of the reform and transformation of family law in Indonesia is that classical fiqh books are no longer used as the main reference and the Religious Court System is closer to the civil law system. However, the reform and transformation of family law in Indonesia did not reduce the independence of religious judges in exploring and discovering more contextual Islamic law.

Impact of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Epidemic on the Practice of Laryngology

1993 ◽  
Vol 102 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank E. Lucente
Keyword(s):  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
The Impact

In only 10 years, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic has already had an enormous impact on many aspects of the practice of medicine. The practice of laryngology typifies the changes that have occurred. Heightened clinical vigilance has been required as the laryngologist encounters new and unusual manifestations of the disease and must take more extensive histories regarding social, behavioral, and sexual practices than were previously necessary. The performance of physical examinations and surgical procedures has also changed as a result of experience with the lethal human immunodeficiency virus. Numerous legal, ethical, and social issues have also been raised by the epidemic and have had a major influence on how medicine is practiced and regulated. In this paper we review the laryngeal and pharyngeal manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and discuss illustrative patient examples that demonstrate the impact of the disease. We also consider the diverse groups of issues that attend this epidemic and that continue to modify practice patterns.

scholarly journals 501 Years of Spring Precipitation History for the Semi-Arid Northern Iran Derived from Tree-Ring δ18O Data

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 889
Author(s):  
Zeynab Foroozan ◽  
Jussi Grießinger ◽  
Kambiz Pourtahmasi ◽  
Achim Bräuning
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
Spring Precipitation ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Indices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

In semi-arid regions of the world, knowledge about the long-term hydroclimate variability is essential to analyze and evaluate the impact of current climate change on ecosystems. We present the first tree-ring δ18O based hydroclimatic reconstruction for northern semi-arid Iran spanning the period 1515–2015. A highly significant correlation between tree-ring δ18O variations of juniper trees and spring (April–June) precipitation reveals a major influence of spring water availability during the early growing season. The driest period of the past 501 years occurred in the 16th century while the 18th century was the wettest, during which the overall highest frequency of wet year events occurred. A gradual decline in spring precipitation is evident from the beginning of the 19th century, pointing to even drier climate conditions. The analysis of dry/wet events indicates that the frequency of years with relatively dry spring increased over the last three centuries, while the number of wet events decreased. Our findings are in accordance with historical Persian disaster records (e.g., the severe droughts of 1870–1872, 1917–1919; severe flooding of 1867, the 1930s, and 1950). Correlation analyses between the reconstruction and different atmospheric circulation indices revealed no significant influence of large-scale drivers on spring precipitation in northern Iran.

scholarly journals A retrospective view of electronic word-of-mouth in hospitality and tourism management

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Litvin ◽  
Ronald E. Goldsmith ◽  
Bing Pan
Keyword(s):  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Electronic Word Of Mouth ◽  
Mobile Media ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism Industry ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the impact electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) has had on the hospitality and tourism industry and discuss the changes that will affect its future. The paper’s touchpoint is the authors’ earlier paper (Litvin et al., 2008), which proposed that eWOM was to become a major influence as a conduit of travelers’ views and opinions. Design/methodology/approach The paper summarizes the arguments of the authors’ earlier paper, describing ways in which eWOM has evolved into the influential system it has become, with special emphasis on the growth of mobile media as a platform for eWOM dissemination. Findings The authors conclude that eWOM has fulfilled its promise to become a major influence on the hospitality and tourism industry and will continue to play an essential role in hospitality marketing for the foreseeable future. Practical implications The authors provide examples of successful media campaigns and propose strategies for hospitality and tourism businesses. Originality/value eWOM has emerged to become a highly influential element of modern marketing strategy. This look back at an early eWOM paper, with reflection on changes that have occurred and a view to the future, is of value as validation of an often cited article that set the stage for much subsequent hospitality research.

scholarly journals The Impact of Pavlov on the Psychology of Learning in English-Speaking Countries

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Boakes
Keyword(s):  
Pavlovian Conditioning ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Learning Research ◽  
Psychology Of Learning ◽  
The Impact

The translation of Pavlov's lectures (Pavlov, 1927) provided English-speaking psychologists with access to the full scope of Pavlov's research and theoretical ideas. The impact this had on their study of the psychology of learning can be assessed by examining influential books in this area. This reveals that Watson (1924) had been highly effective in promoting the misleading idea that Pavlov was a fellow S-R theorist. This assumption was not questioned by Tolman (1932), Hilgard and Marquis (1940) or by Hull (1943). However, this mistake was not made by Skinner (1938), who also provided the strongest arguments against Pavlov's belief that behavioral effects required explanation in terms of physiological processes. Post-1927 most learning research in the English-speaking countries continued to use instrumental, rather than Pavlovian, conditioning procedures. Nevertheless, many of the issues addressed by this research were ones that Pavlov had been the first to raise, so that his major influence can be seen as that of defining a research program for subsequent students of learning.

Transgenic Mouse Modeling of Therapeutic Responses in Myeloma

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2747-2747
Author(s):  
Brian G. Van Ness ◽  
Christine Ramos ◽  
Mary Gosse
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mouse ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Tumor Heterogeneity ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Mouse Population ◽  
The Impact

Abstract While myeloma is still considered a fatal disease, new therapeutic approaches, including combination of drugs that target different intracellular pathways, have shown marked improvements in response and survival. Yet there are wide variations in responses seen in the patient population. One major source is the variation in chromosomal abnormalities and the genes deregulated among the plasma cell (PC) tumors. Another may be in inherited variations (SNPs) that can have a major influence on drug distribution, transport and metabolism. Our laboratory has developed a transgenic mouse model targeting overexpression of c-myc and bcl-xL in late B cells, that results in early expansion of non-malignant PCs, followed by development of clonal plasma cell malignancies in 100% of the mice. We have reported on cell surface, chromosomal abnormalities, and gene expression profiles of the mouse plasma cell tumors, that demonstrate a very similar profile and heterogeneity to human myelomas. The mouse PC tumors can be adoptively transferred to syngenic recipient mice, as well as grown in culture. The advantage of this model is that the impact of tumor heterogeneity can be assessed in a common germline genetic background in the mice; and an intact immune system is maintained, unlike many common xenograft models. We find that disease progression is variable among tumors and have extended this observed heterogeneity of progression to analysis of drug sensitivity; for example, identifying tumors that are highly sensitive to dexamethasone, and others extremely resistant, and others that show protection in the presence of IL-6. Although bcl-xL expression is important in the initiation of the transgenic malignancy, it was not clear if Bcl-xL was required to maintain the transformed phenotype. To test this, we blocked Bcl-xL with the inhibitor BH3I-2′(Calbiochem). We find that inhibition of Bcl-xL is effective in killing the PC tumors in vitro, and dose is directly related to levels of bcl-xL expression. We also examined various dose combinations of dexamethasone and BH3I-2′ and found an antagonistic relationship of the two drugs. We are in the process of expanding the tumor mouse population to target other therapeutic approaches in the transgenic mouse that models tumor heterogeneity in a common genetic background.

Empirical Analysis on the Influence Factors of Tourism Income in Shandong Province

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 5204-5208
Author(s):  
Qiu Bai Sun ◽  
Xiao Hui Ma ◽  
Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Actual Data ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
The Impact

Based on the actual data of tourism income in Shandong province beginning from 1992 to 2009, this paper took the disposable income of urban residents, the number of foreign tourists, and the number of travel agencies as the major influence factors of tourism income. To study the impact of the above factors on tourism income in Shandong province, the tourist income econometric model was established and solved through econometric software Eviews 6.0. The conclusion was draw that there were significant relevance between the three factors and tourist income in Shandong province. All these findings would be useful references to improve tourism of Shandong province.

scholarly journals Plant–herbivore–decomposer stoichiometric mismatches and nutrient cycling in ecosystems

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1754) ◽  
pp. 20122453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Cherif ◽  
Michel Loreau
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Nutrient Excretion ◽  
Plant Herbivore ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Plant stoichiometry is thought to have a major influence on how herbivores affect nutrient availability in ecosystems. Most conceptual models predict that plants with high nutrient contents increase nutrient excretion by herbivores, in turn raising nutrient availability. To test this hypothesis, we built a stoichiometrically explicit model that includes a simple but thorough description of the processes of herbivory and decomposition. Our results challenge traditional views of herbivore impacts on nutrient availability in many ways. They show that the relationship between plant nutrient content and the impact of herbivores predicted by conceptual models holds only at high plant nutrient contents. At low plant nutrient contents, the impact of herbivores is mediated by the mineralization/immobilization of nutrients by decomposers and by the type of resource limiting the growth of decomposers. Both parameters are functions of the mismatch between plant and decomposer stoichiometries. Our work provides new predictions about the impacts of herbivores on ecosystem fertility that depend on critical interactions between plant, herbivore and decomposer stoichiometries in ecosystems.

Politics, Partisanship, and Social Position in Belize

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Junior College ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Bench Mark ◽  
Partisan Identification ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents data on the social and political opinions of junior college students in Belize (British Honduras) prior to independence. The data are intended to give a preliminary indication of current patterns of conflict and consensus which can be used as a bench mark against which future development in Belizean political culture can be measured. The organization of the data has been based on theoretical considerations of political development and socialization in transitional societies.A major influence on political attitudes and partisanship is the impact of social identity. In the United States, a self-identification as a Republican or a Democrat usually carries connotations of a wider range of social characteristics. In fact, people often adopt the partisan identification most appropriate to their social situation. Once acquired, partisan attitudes tend to influence other political attitudes as people react to issues and events in a way that tends to support and justify their party choices (Dawson and Prewitt, 1969).

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