Body Locus and Form Perception

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton A. Heller
Keyword(s):  
Skin Surface ◽  
Simple Function ◽  
Form Perception ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
Visual Match ◽  
Form Recognition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Information Transducer ◽  
Body Locus

Forms were drawn on the palms, forearms, or biceps of 42 subjects, with vision excluded. Subjects were then required to make a visual match to the drawn forms. It was expected that the accuracy of form recognition would be a direct function of the sensitivity of the receptor surface. Thus the palm was expected to yield more accurate form recognition than the forearm or bicep. Form recognition was significantly worse on the forearm than on other skin locations. The adequacy of a skin surface as an information transducer does not appear to be a simple function of cutaneous sensitivity since there was no significant difference in the accuracy of form recognition between the palm and bicep.

Udder skin surface temperature variation pre- and post- milking in dairy cows as determined by infrared thermography

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhe Yang ◽  
Gan Li ◽  
Xiaojun Zhang ◽  
Xianhong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Skin Surface Temperature ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Significant Difference

The objectives of the research reported in this Research Communication were to compare the variation of hind quarter skin surface temperature pre- and post- milking in dairy cows and to determine the optimal time to capture images by infrared thermography for improving the sensitivity and specificity of mastitis detection in dairy cows. Hind quarter infrared images of 102 Holstein dairy cows were captured from the caudal view by an infrared camera pre-milking and post-milking. The udder skin surface temperature was measured with the help of the image processing software. No significant difference was found between the left and right quarter skin surface temperature pre- and post- milking. The hind quarter skin surface temperature pre-milking was not significantly influenced by milk yield, but exhibited a rising trend along with the increase of milk yield. The hind quarter skin surface temperature post-milking was significantly influenced by milk yield. This leads us to conclude that the sensitivity and specificity of IRT in mastitis detection may be influenced by milk yield and it may be better to capture the infrared images of cow udders pre-milking.

Delay in Retention of Forms

1975 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 903-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton A. Heller ◽  
Gloria Leventhal
Keyword(s):  
Shape Information ◽  
Form Recognition ◽  
Significant Difference

10 forms were drawn on the palms of 48 subjects who were without vision. Subjects were then required haptically to explore three forms and choose the drawn shape. Three intervals, 0, 5, and 15 sec., were inserted between the presentation of the drawn form and the choice. It was expected that there would be a decline in the accuracy of form recognition with an increase in delay. Form recognition was significantly superior with no delay and loss of shape information seems to occur rather quickly since there was no significant difference in the accuracy of form recognition between the two longer delays.

scholarly journals Role of Adenosine Deaminase in Patients with Erythematotelan-giectatic Rosacea and Demodex folliculorum Positivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serpil SENER ◽  
Ulku KARAMAN ◽  
Tugba Raika KIRAN ◽  
Cemil COLAK ◽  
Ali ASLAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Purine Nucleotides ◽  
Demodex Folliculorum ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Background: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an aminohydrolase involved in the catabolism of purine nucleotides and irreversibly deaminizes adenosine and deoxyadenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine. ADA enzyme deficiency results in the loss of functional properties of B and T lymphocytes. Demodex species have been reported to be transmitted between humans through close contact and to play a role in the pathogenesis of rosacea, acne vulgaris, perioral dermatitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, micropapillary-pruritic dermatitis and blepharitis. The present study aimed to compare serum ADA levels in D. folliculorum positive patients with the healthy control individuals. Methods: Serum ADA levels were examined for 30 patients diagnosed with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea and 40 healthy individuals in Malatya Inonu University in 2017. Standardized skin surface biopsy (SSSB) method was used to diagnose D. folliculorum. A significant decrease was found in the ADA levels of Demodex-positive rosacea patients when compared to the control group. Results: ADA levels were decreased in the Demodex-positive group. The mean ADA level in patient group was significantly lower than the mean in the control group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of age and gender. Conclusion: During and after treatment of Demodex-positive rosacea patients, determination of ADA levels may give more detailed information on the immune mechanisms.

Thermal Increasing Information for Foot Surface during Jogging

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
Yin Luo ◽  
Ying Juan Tong ◽  
Ying Ying Hu
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Thermal Imager ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Temperature Monitor ◽  
Rest Condition ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise ◽  
Infrared Thermal Imager

Thermography information of foot is playing very important role in body character and related products design. The purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution and change character of foot skin temperature variety during low-intensity movement. Totally 19 subjects participated in this testing, skin surface temperature monitor was using high-precision Infrared Thermal Imager. The average foot skin temperature existed a significant difference at rest condition. After 30min persistent low-intensity exercise, each area of the foot was increased, and the increasing trend was quite similar. This study could provide the basis of foot physiological function understanding.

scholarly journals Cryotherapy-Induced Persistent Vasoconstriction After Cutaneous Cooling: Hysteresis Between Skin Temperature and Blood Perfusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Khoshnevis ◽  
Natalie K. Craik ◽  
R. Matthew Brothers ◽  
Kenneth R. Diller
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Hysteresis Effect ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Active Cooling ◽  
Significant Difference

The goal of this study was to investigate the persistence of cold-induced vasoconstriction following cessation of active skin-surface cooling. This study demonstrates a hysteresis effect that develops between skin temperature and blood perfusion during the cooling and subsequent rewarming period. An Arctic Ice cryotherapy unit (CTU) was applied to the knee region of six healthy subjects for 60 min of active cooling followed by 120 min of passive rewarming. Multiple laser Doppler flowmetry perfusion probes were used to measure skin blood flow (expressed as cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC)). Skin surface cooling produced a significant reduction in CVC (P < 0.001) that persisted throughout the duration of the rewarming period. In addition, there was a hysteresis effect between CVC and skin temperature during the cooling and subsequent rewarming cycle (P < 0.01). Mixed model regression (MMR) showed a significant difference in the slopes of the CVC–skin temperature curves during cooling and rewarming (P < 0.001). Piecewise regression was used to investigate the temperature thresholds for acceleration of CVC during the cooling and rewarming periods. The two thresholds were shown to be significantly different (P = 0.003). The results show that localized cooling causes significant vasoconstriction that continues beyond the active cooling period despite skin temperatures returning toward baseline values. The significant and persistent reduction in skin perfusion may contribute to nonfreezing cold injury (NFCI) associated with cryotherapy.

Effects of Cryotherapy on Temperature Change in Caudal Thigh Muscles of Dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krysta Janas ◽  
Darryl Millis ◽  
David Levine ◽  
Melissa Keck
Keyword(s):  
Skin Surface ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Thigh Muscles ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Muscle Cooling ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Cold Pack ◽  
Pack Treatment

Abstract Objective The aim of the study reported here was to determine the effect of cryotherapy on the caudal thigh muscles of dogs. We hypothesized that temperature changes would be greatest in superficial tissues and decrease with tissue depth. Study Design Eight mixed-breed dogs (mean weight 21.2 kg, mean age 3.3 years) were studied. Temperature was measured at the skin surface and at depths of 1.0 and 3.0 cm below the skin using needle thermistor probes that were inserted beneath the site of cold pack application. Treatment consisted of a standard 1.0°C cold pack applied for 20 minutes. Temperature was recorded every minute for the 20 minute cold pack treatment, and for 80 minutes following treatment. Results Cutaneous temperatures significantly decreased (p < 0.01), with rapid rewarming of the skin following cold pack removal. Tissue cooling was less profound with increasing tissue depths, but was still significant (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in muscle temperature between haired and clipped limbs. Conclusion A single application of a cold pack to the caudal thigh muscles of dogs for 20 minutes resulted in significant temperature reduction at all tissue depths (p < 0.05). This decrease persisted for ∼60 minutes. The presence of hair did not have a significant effect on muscle cooling (p > 0.05).

scholarly journals Karakteristik Fisika Masker Gel Peel Off dan Krim Wajah dengan Kandungan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao ( Theobroma cacao, L.) Sebagai Antioksidan Topikal

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Damaranie Dipahayu
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Good Characteristic ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Influence Spreading ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

ABSTRAKKulit buah kakao adalah salah satu sumber antioksidan alami. Ekstrak etanol kulit buah kakao memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 0.08 mg/ml. Kulit buah kakao mengandung 37 % katekin, 4%antosianin dan 58 % proantosianidin. Antioksian topikal dalam kosmetika contohnya masker gel peel off dan krim. Formula Kosmetika yang baik adalah yang memiliki karakteristik dan stabilitas yang baik.Studi ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data dari pengaruh kombinasi HPMC dan PVA = FM 1:FM2:FM3:FM4= (2:12); (4:12): (2:16); (4:16) terhadap daya sebar dan waktu mengering dari sediaan masker gel. Selain itu juga untuk mengetahui pengeruh kecepatan pengadukan 750 rpm dan 1500 rpm terhadap penyebaran dan ukuran globul dari krim antioksidan.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan baik HPMC dan PVA tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap daya sebar dan konsentrasi HPMC lebih tinggi akan mempengaruhi waktu mengering dari masker gel peel off selama masa simpan 28 hari. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan daya sebar dan ukuran globul pada metode pengadukan 750 rpm namun tidak pada pengadukan 1500 rpm  pada krim wajah antioksidan selama masa simpan 28 hari.Kata Kunci: Kulit buah cacao, karakteristik fisik, masker gel peel off , krim antioksidan.ABSTRACTCocoa rind (Theobroma cacao L.) is a natural resourches of antioxidant.  Half percent (0.5 %) Ethanolic extract of Cacao rind (Theobroma cacao L.) has 50 IC value as a 0,08 mg/ mL. Cocoa rind containing 37 % cathecin, 4 % anthocyanins and 58 % proanthocyanidins. Antioxidant topical in cosmetics such as peel off gel mask and cream. A good cosmetics formulation gives a good characteristic and stability.  The study aims to provide data on the effect of HPMC - PVA combination = FM 1:FM2:FM3:FM4= (2:12); (4:12): (2:16); (4:16) to the power spread and drying time of the peel off gel mask. In addition, this study gives data of stirring speed at 750 rpm and 1500 rpm = FC1:FC2 that influence spreading and globul size of antioxidant cream. This study finds that during the storage period of 28 days the difference of HPMC and PVA has no affect on the power spread but it affects the drying time, the greater concentration of HPMC can rapidly dry the gel mask when applied to the skin surface. The study also finds that during the storage period of 28 days, there was a significant difference in power spread and particle size at 750 rpm stirring and no significant difference in 1500 rpm.Key Words: Cocoa rind extract, physic characteristic, peel off gel mask, antioxidant cream.

scholarly journals Performance of recycled PET and conventional PES fibers in case of watertransport properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 538-544
Author(s):  
MEHDI HATAMLOU ◽  
ARIF TANER ÖZGÜNEY ◽  
NILGÜN ÖZDİL ◽  
GAMZE SÜPÜREN MENGÜÇ
Keyword(s):  
Transport Properties ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Transfer Property ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Moisture Management ◽  
Vertical Wicking ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polyester Fibers

In recent years the researches on liquid moisture transport properties of fabrics have great importance. Especially forthe sport garments, fabric structure should led liquid moisture to transfer from skin surface to the outer layers. Specialfibers and fabric structures were designed including channelled fibers and micro fiber productions to contribute highercapillary transport capability to the textile surface. Polyester fibers are used for this purpose frequently. Due to theincrease in the demand of sustainable textiles, production and consumption of recycled polyester fibers are increasingrecently. They are expected to have adequate mechanical properties to fulfil requirements. In this study, liquid moisturetransfer properties of the polyester and r-PET fabrics were investigated. For this purpose, knitted fabrics produced from100% polyester and 100% r-PET yarns were used. Dynamic liquid transport properties, capillary transfer property, dryingrate and water absorption capacity of these surfaces were measured. According to the results, it was concluded thatboth fabrics were identified as “good” by using “Moisture Management Tester”, in case of liquid moisture transferproperties. No significant difference was determined between water vapour permeability values. Static immersion test ishelpful in order to determine wettability for the identification of sensitive differences and as a conventional method,vertical wicking test is a good indicator while distinguishing capillarity differences. It was found that r-PET fabric hasbetter results than PES fabric, in case of absorption rate, wettability, drying rate and capillarity.

scholarly journals 1033. Skin Surface Thermal Imaging to Differentiate Cellulitis and Pseudocellulitis in the Emergency Department

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S607-S607
Author(s):  
Michael Pulia ◽  
Rebecca Schwei ◽  
Edward Harwick ◽  
Ambar Haleem ◽  
Jamie Hess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Skin Surface Temperature ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Diagnostic Uncertainty ◽  
Physician Review ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Cellulitis is misdiagnosed in up to 30% of cases, resulting in overuse of antibiotics. This represents a threat to patient safety and public health. Surface thermal imaging has been proposed as a tool to reduce errors in diagnosing cellulitis. The study objective was to compare skin surface temperature measurements between patients with cellulitis and pseudocellulitis. Methods We prospectively enrolled patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with dermatologic lower extremity complaints that involved visible erythema. Using a thermal imaging camera, the maximum temperature value (Tmax) for the affected area of skin and corresponding area on an unaffected limb were captured. The Tmax gradient between the affected and unaffected limb was calculated. Gold standard diagnosis (cellulitis versus pseudocellulitis) was determined by consensus of a blinded, multidisciplinary physician review panel (two infectious disease, two dermatologists and two emergency medicine). Differences in temperature variables (Tmax and Tmax gradient) between cellulitis and pseudocellulitis were compared using t-tests. Results The sample included 204 participants, 59% male with an average age of 57 years. Based on expert panel consensus diagnosis, 92 (45%) of the participants had cellulitis. The cellulitis group had an average Tmax of 33.2°C and 30.2°C for affected and unaffected skin respectively, which was a significant difference of 2.9°C (CI: 2.5 to 3.6; p&lt; 0.001). The difference in the Tmax gradients between patients with cellulitis and pseudocellulitis was 2.08°C (CI: 1.46-2.70; p&lt; 0.001). Conclusion This represents the largest validation study of skin surface temperature differences between cellulitis and pseudocellulitis. Significant difference in temperature gradients between cases of cellulitis and pseudocellulitis suggests thermal imaging could be a useful diagnostic adjunct that can help differentiate these conditions. Such a modality could be particularly helpful in the ED setting where providers must balance diagnostic uncertainty with antimicrobial stewardship principles. Future work will identify the best performing temperature variables and determine optimal cutoff values for use in diagnostic algorithms. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Effectiveness and Safety of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Injection Regarding Anatomical Landmarks: A Cadaveric Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Namazi ◽  
Amir Ghane ◽  
Amir Reza Dehghanian ◽  
Mehran Fereidooni ◽  
Armin Akbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Method ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex ◽  
P Value ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Triangular Fibrocartilage ◽  
Group B ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

Abstract Background Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injections can be applied using anatomical landmarks or under the guide of ultrasound (US). US is not always available, and the physician may rely on the anatomical landmarks. Objective The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TFCC injection with anatomic landmarks. Methods Forty wrist specimens from cadavers were randomly assigned to four rapid blue stain injection groups as follows: Group A: perpendicular to skin with 5 mm depth; Group B: perpendicular to skin with 10 mm depth; Group C: 45-degree angulation to skin surface, oriented from proximal to distal with 10 mm depth; and Group D: 45-degree angulation to skin surface, oriented from distal to proximal with 10 mm depth. TFCC specimens were excised and evaluated with microscopy, and adjacent neurovascular structures were checked for any injury. Results Injections in group A were more accurate than others, in which 8/10 injections were successful. Group C injections were least accurate in that only 4/10 were successful. The other remaining groups (groups B and D) revealed similar results (5/10 were successful). However, statistical analyses did not show any significant difference (p-value = 0.35). No injury to neurovascular structures was seen. Conclusion Needle placement perpendicular to skin with 5 mm depth and just medial to ulnar styloid can be used as an accurate method of palpation-guided technique for TFCC injections.

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