scholarly journals Antibacterial efficacy of Bacopa monnieri leaf extracts against pathogenic bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Viqar Khan ◽  
Qamar Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Indu Shukla ◽  
Athar Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Bacopa Monnieri ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Abstract Background: Bacopa monnieri (Linn) Pennell (Scrophulariaceae) is widely distributed in tropical regions of Asia, and used in the treatment of cough or as an antiseptic. The traditional use of this plant suggests its possible antibacterial properties, but its efficacy has not been examined yet. Objective: Evaluate the antibacterial efficacy against pathogenic bacteria using the disk diffusion method. Materials and methods: Five different concentrations (500 μg, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 mg/mL) of crude leaf extracts of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell were tested for antibacterial efficacy against seven Gram-positive and 11 Gramnegative bacteria. The sensitivity of plant fractions was tested using the disk diffusion method. Results: Maximum activity was revealed by ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, followed by aqueous, benzene, and petrol extracts. Phyto-chemical analysis of the plant leaf showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. Conclusion: This plant may be effective for treatment of different pathogenic diseases.

scholarly journals Synergistic effects of Persicaria odorata (Daun Kesom) leaf extracts with standard antibiotics on pathogenic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Ridzuan ◽  
Hairul Aini Hamzah ◽  
Anis Shah ◽  
Norazian Mohd Hassan ◽  
Baharudin Roesnita
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Antibacterial activity of different types of P. odorata leaf extracts was evaluated in combination with standard antibiotics. Persicaria. odorata leaves were extracted with n-hexane (n-hex), dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH).  Each extract was applied on vancomycin (30µg), erythromycin (15µg) and gentamicin (10µg) discs, respectively. Disk diffusion method was used to evaluate the synergistic activity of each combination on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis was performed on the active extract. Synergistic effects seen were mainly from the n-hex+antibiotics combinations, mainly on the Gram-positive bacteria (7 additive, 5 antagonistic), with MIC range from 50 µg/ml to 100 µg/ml, as well as Gram-negative bacteria (2 additive, 2 indifferent, 5 antagonistic). In particular, synergism showed by the combination of n-hex+van were all additive against the susceptible bacteria. DCM extract combination showed synergistic effects on three Gram-positive species (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. pyogenes). Meanwhile, MeOH+antibiotics combination showed significant additive synergistic effects (p<0.05) on S. aureus and S. epidermidis.  The major compounds of leaves extract were decanal and β-citral. n-Hex extract superiorly inhibited Gram-positive bacteria growth as compared to DCM and MeOH extracts. The additive synergistic property of the n-hex P. odorata extract could be further studied for possible use as an antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals In vitro Synergistic Antimicrobial Activity of Romanian Propolis and Antibiotics against Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovine Mastitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela NICULAE ◽  
Laura STAN ◽  
Emoke PALL ◽  
Anamaria Ioana PAȘTIU ◽  
Iulia Maria BALACI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

The study was aimed to characterize the chemical composition and the antimicrobial activity of Romanian propolis ethanolic extracts (EEP) against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains isolated from bovine mastitis. The preliminary antimicrobial screening was performed by a disk diffusion method, followed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) based on broth microdilution assay; further, the synergistic action of propolis with antimicrobial drugs was assessed by a disk diffusion method on agar containing subinhibitory concentrations of propolis. For the chemical characterisation of EEP, the flavonoids (flavones/flavonols, flavanones/dihydroflavonols) and total phenolics were evaluated by spectrophotometric methods. The phenolic compounds of these extracts were also determined using HPLC. The results indicated for Romanian propolis ethanolic extracts the typical poplar composition profile with flavonoids and phenolic acids as main biological active compounds, with chromatographic analysis data confirmed also spectrophotometrically. In addition, positively correlated with the chemical composition, a strong antimicrobial efficacy was exhibited towards E. coli strains, along with interesting synergistic interaction with antibiotics that can be further investigated to obtain propolis-based formulation with antibacterial properties. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies evaluating the safety and efficacy are intended to consider propolis in veterinary therapeutic protocols.

scholarly journals Isolation and Antibacterial Properties of Phenyl Acrylic Acid Derivatives from Balanophora elongata Blume

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-242
Author(s):  
Dayar Arbain ◽  
Amri Bakhtiar ◽  
Nova Syafni ◽  
Nofrizal - ◽  
Goldha Faroliu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methyl Caffeate ◽  
Control Compound

Balanophora elongata (Balanophoraceae) is a tropical parasitic flowering plant 9 cm in height. Four known phenyl acrylic acid derivatives, methyl caffeate (1), caffeic acid (2), 1,6-di-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranose (3), and coniferin (4), were isolated from this plant. Structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was determined by IR, LC-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR.  Extracts and isolated compounds were tested toward some standard human pathogenic bacteria using the agar disk diffusion method. Their inhibition zones were compared to that of chloramphenicol as positive control. Compound 1 showed inhibition toward Streptococcus mutans, while compound 3 and 4 inhibited Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTY OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS (LINN.) G. DON. VAR. “ROSEA” AND “ALBA”

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amresh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Ambasta ◽  
Surendra Kumar Prasad ◽  
M. P. Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Life Saving

Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial property of crude, aqueous and organic solvent extract from leaf, stem and root parts of two different var. of Catharanthus roseus (i.e. “rosea” and “alba”) under in vitro conditions on various human pathogenic bacteria.Methods: Antibacterial activity of crude (fresh), aqueous, ethanolic, methanolic and equimolar (1:1) mixture of ethanolic dried leaf extract of variety “rosea” and “alba” was evaluated against various pathogenic bacteria viz. Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by disk diffusion method under in vitro conditions.Results: Gram-positive bacteria were found to be more susceptible than Gram-negative. Dried extracts of root, stem and leaf of C. roseus var. “rosea” and “alba” plants showed maximum antibacterial potency against all the test microorganisms. The equimolar mixture of ethanolic dried leaf extracts of species “rosea” and “alba” exhibited the maximum zone of inhibition against B. subtilis, E. coli and S. aureus as compare to extract prepared from individual parts. The findings of the ethanolic mixture of dried leaves of the two varieties on the tested bactera confirm that the effect is potentiating which may be synergistic or additive.Conclusion: From the findings, it could be inferred that C. roseus var. “rosea” and “alba” could be efficiently used in the development of new life-saving drugs against bacterial pathogens. 

scholarly journals Potential of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) Extract against Salmonella Pullorum

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Hidanah ◽  
Emy Koestanti Sabdoningrum ◽  
Soeharsono . ◽  
Ayu Andira ◽  
Noor Amina Varhana
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Pullorum ◽  
Major Chemical

Background: Salmonella Pullorum are pathogenic bacteria that causes salmonellosis and causes heavy economic losses in the poultry industry and are zoonotic. Treatment of diseases caused by bacteria generally use antibiotics, but excessive administration of antibiotics causes bacterial resistance and residues in livestock. Major chemical constituents of Sambiloto are andrographolide and flavonoids. Andrographolide has antibacterial effect in addition to being antitoxic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antiallergic. Methods: The research was conducted by isolating and identifying Salmonella Pullorum on SSA media and a series of biochemical tests (TSIA, SIM, SCA, urea media and sugar test), manufacturing sambiloto extract, testing the sensitivity of several antibiotics using the disk diffusion method and testing the activation of sambiloto extract against Salmonella Pullorum using the disk diffusion and dilution methods. Result: The result show that sambiloto had antibacterial activity because it contained andrographolide, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and tannins and the lowest extract dose that effectively killed Salmonella Pullorum is concentrations of 20%.

scholarly journals Assessment of Total Phenolic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities ofPassifloraSpecies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiamala Devi Ramaiya ◽  
Japar Sidik Bujang ◽  
Muta Harah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extracts

This study focused on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the leaves and stems ofPassiflora quadrangularis,P. maliformis, andP. edulisextracted using three solvents: petroleum ether, acetone, and methanol. The maximum extraction yields of antioxidant components from the leaves and stems were isolated using methanol extracts ofP. edulis(24.28%) andP. quadrangularis(9.76%), respectively. Among the leaf extracts, the methanol extract ofP. maliformishad the significantly highest TPC and the strongest antioxidant activity, whereas among the stem extracts, the methanol extract ofP. quadrangularisshowed the highest phenolic amount and possessed the strongest antioxidant activity. The antibacterial properties of thePassifloraspecies were tested using the disc diffusion method against 10 human pathogenic bacteria. The largest inhibition zone was observed for the methanol extract ofP. maliformisagainstB. subtilis. Generally, extracts from thePassifloraspecies exhibit distinct inhibition against Gram-positive but not Gram-negative bacteria. Based on the generated biplot, three clusters of bacteria were designated according to their performance towards the tested extracts. The present study revealed that methanol extracts of thePassifloracontain constituents with significant phenolic, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical uses.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Jatropha curcas (Linn) Leaves Extract a gainst Vibrio harveyi and Aeromonas hydrophila

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Nasrullah Bai Arifin ◽  
Imas Marthapratama ◽  
Ellana Sanoesi ◽  
Arief Prajitno
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Paper Disk

The use of natural products as an antimicrobial agent is an alternative way in the treating drug-resistant pathogens. A. hydrophila and V. harveyi are pathogenic bacteria both in freshwater and marine culture, respectively. Physic nut (Jatropha curcas, Linn) has been known as an herbal plant that has an antibacterial agent. The purpose of this study was to analyze inhibition ability of an extract of physic nut leaves on the growth of V. harveyi and A. hydrophila. In this study, water extract of physic nut leaves was determined to evaluate the antibacterial activity against V. harveyi and A. hydrophila using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Test (MIC) and Paper Disk Diffusion Method. The smallest concentration on the MIC was 0.10 g/ml for A. hydrophila and 0.15 g/ml for V. harveyi, respectively. The Paper Disk Diffusion Method used difference concentrations (0.10 g/ml; 0.15 g/ml; 0.20 g/ml; 0.25 g/ml; 0.30 g/ml; 0.35 g/ml; dan 0.40 g/ml) and Control (0 g/ml). The concentration of 0.35 g/ml had the highest inhibition zone diameter in 11.3±0.2 mm for A. hydrophila and 0.40 g/ml had the highest inhibition zone in 11.2±0.3 mm for V. harveyi. The result showed that water extract of physic nut leaves was able to inhibit both tested bacteria.

scholarly journals Modified and unmodified arabinoxylans from Plantago ovata husk: Novel excipients with antimicrobial potential

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alia Erum ◽  
Sajid Bashir ◽  
Shazia Saghir
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plantago Ovata ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative

<p class="Abstract">Arabinoxylan is a polysaccharide of<em> Plantago ovata</em>, an indigenous plant of Pakistan and several European countries. In the present investigation arabinoxylan isolated from <em>P. ovata</em> husk was chemically modified i.e., carboxymethylated and was converted into its sodium salt. Physicochemical characterization of modified arabinoxylans was done. The antimicrobial assay of arabinoxylan and modified arabinoxylans was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method against Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial strains. Physicochemical properties of modified arabinoxylans were different from arabinoxylan yet were satisfactory for their use as pharmaceutical excipients.  Arabinoxylan showed strong antimicrobial activity against Gram positive strains.  However, it showed no antimicrobial activity against Gram negative strains. Carboxymethyl arabinoxylan showed maximum activity against<em> S. epidermidis</em>. It also showed activity against <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>P. aeruginosa</em>.  Arabinoxylan-Na showed concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity. This study provides the first report on the antibacterial properties of arabinoxylan and its modified forms.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Biological Effect of Posidonia oceanica Seaweed on Some Pathogenic Microbes

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
Ahmed Amrajaa Abdulrraziq ◽  
Sami Mohammed Salih
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Marine Diversity

Compared to other coasts, Libyan coasts are characterized by low levels of pollution. This makes them a suitable environment for marine diversity, especially seaweeds, which may be considered a source of new compounds that are biologically active in their resistance to microbes. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of testing the bioactivity of leave and rhizome extracts of Posidonia oceanica seaweed (aqueous, ethanol, and acetone) at concentrations (50, 100, and 150) mg/ml against three types of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and fungus (Candida spp.), by a sensitivity test in the form of a disk diffusion method. The results showed that Posidonia oceanica seaweed extracts have good inhibitory activity against S.aureus and Candida spp., and that the concentration of 150 mg/ml is the most effective for all extracts. The results also indicated that rhizome extracts are more efficient than leaf extracts, and the acetone extract is the best in inhibiting the tested microbes. Also, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most resistant to all extracts, regardless of type and concentration used.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document