Laser Measurement System for the Diagnostics of Mine Hoist Components/Laserowy System Pomiarowy Do Diagnostyki Elementów Górniczych Wyciągów Szybowych

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Olszyna ◽  
Andrzej Sioma ◽  
Andrzej Tytko
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Laser Measurement ◽  
Deep Mining ◽  
Plastic Liner ◽  
Mine Hoist ◽  
Rope System ◽  
Made In

Abstract This article discusses a completely new concept for the diagnostics of sheaves in rope hoisting equipment used in deep mining, where excavated material, consumables, and people are transported via shafts. Rope sheaves involve shafting, guide sheaves, and support rollers on which ropes reel in special grooves. Those grooves may be made directly in the material of the sheave rim or in a specially installed plastic liner. Those grooves are made in the appropriate dimensions. Any change to those dimensions is due to a number of phenomena that occur in life cycle processes and significantly affects the condition of ropes. Measurement of the geometrical parameters of rope grooves for diagnostic purposes provides information about the condition of the rope system and guidance on the appropriate corrective actions. This article presents a solution that permits continuous measurement of selected geometrical parameters of the grooves using a non-contact method of scanning sheave rims with a laser beam. The basic geometric parameters of grooves and sheave rims were defined. The system was shown to be useful in the determination of axial and radial run-out of rope sheaves.

The quantitative comparison of experimental and simulated diffraction contrast images

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 102-103
Author(s):  
Stuart McKernan
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Personal Computer ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Image Simulation ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Diffraction Contrast ◽  
Simulated Images ◽  
Made In

For many years the concept of quantitative diffraction contrast experiments might have consisted of the determination of dislocation Burgers vectors using a g.b = 0 criterion from several different 2-beam images. Since the advent of the personal computer revolution, the available computing power for performing image-processing and image-simulation calculations is enormous and ubiquitous. Several programs now exist to perform simulations of diffraction contrast images using various approximations. The most common approximations are the use of only 2-beams or a single systematic row to calculate the image contrast, or calculating the image using a column approximation. The increasing amount of literature showing comparisons of experimental and simulated images shows that it is possible to obtain very close agreement between the two images; although the choice of parameters used, and the assumptions made, in performing the calculation must be properly dealt with. The simulation of the images of defects in materials has, in many cases, therefore become a tractable problem.

Science of Ahangyol and Its Importance for Modern Scientific Thought

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-478
Author(s):  
Ahmad Gashamoglu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
Religious Books ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
Made In

The Article briefly discusses the need for generation of the Science of Ahangyol, and this science’s scientific basis, object and subject, category system, scientific research methods and application options. Ahangyol is a universal science and may be useful in any sphere. It may assist in problem solving in peacemaking process and in many areas such as ecology, economics, politics, culture, management and etc. This science stipulates that any activity and any decision made in the life may only and solely be successful when they comply with harmony principles more, which are the principles of existence and activity of the world. A right strategic approach of the Eastern Philosophy and the Middle Age Islamic Philosophy and scientific thought has an important potential. This strategic approach creates opportunities to also consider irrational factors in addition to rational ones comprehensively in scientific researches. The modern scientific thought contributes to implementation of these opportunities. Ahangyol is a science of determination of ways to achieve harmony in any sphere and of creation of special methods to make progress in these ways through assistance of the modern science. Methods of the System Theory, Mathematics, IT, Astronomy, Physics, Biology, Sociology, Statistics and etc. are more extensively applied. Information is given on some of these methods. Moreover, the Science of Ahangyol, which is a new philosophical worldview and a new paradigm contributes to clarification of metaphysic views considerably and discovery of the scientific potential of religious books.

scholarly journals Determination of Environmental Factors for the Implementation of the Exploitability Index in Industrial Aggregate Mining Using Multi-Criteria Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Julio Manuel de Luis-Ruiz ◽  
Benito Ramiro Salas-Menocal ◽  
Gema Fernández-Maroto ◽  
Rubén Pérez-Álvarez ◽  
Raúl Pereda-García
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Made In

The quality of human life is linked to the exploitation of mining resources. The Exploitability Index (EI) assesses the actual possibilities to enable a mine according to several factors. The environment is one of the most constraining ones, but its analysis is made in a shallow way. This research is focused on its determination, according to a new preliminary methodology that sets the main components of the environmental impact related to the development of an exploitation of industrial minerals and its weighting according to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). It is applied to the case of the ophitic outcrops in Cantabria (Spain). Twelve components are proposed and weighted with the AHP and an algorithm that allows for assigning a normalized value for the environmental factor to each deposit. Geographic Information Systems (GISs) are applied, allowing us to map a large number of components of the environmental factors. This provides a much more accurate estimation of the environmental factor, with respect to reality, and improves the traditional methodology in a substantial way. It can be established as a methodology for mining spaces planning, but it is suitable for other contexts, and it raises developing the environmental analysis before selecting the outcrop to be exploited.

Determination of Underwater Plate Dynamics Using Laser Beams

1974 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 722-728
Author(s):  
Rudolph E. Croteau ◽  
Herman E. Sheets
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Green Laser ◽  
Testing Facility ◽  
Acoustic Testing ◽  
Propeller Blades ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Underwater plate vibration and its associated noise are of interest for the analysis of ship structures, propeller blades, and other areas of underwater acoustics. In order to analyze the relationship between a plate vibrating underwater and the acoustic pressure in the near-field, optical interferometric holography, using a blue-green laser beam, was used to determine surface displacement for the vibrating plate, which was excited through a fluid-coupled system. Acoustic measurements of the same source were made in a water tower concurrently with the holography and later at a precision acoustic testing facility. This method permits prediction of underwater plate modal frequencies and shapes with high accuracy.

A Progress Report on the Quest to Establish a Cybersickness Dose Value

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (26) ◽  
pp. 2119-2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
S.L. Yuen ◽  
R.H.Y. So
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
British Standard ◽  
The Past ◽  
Frequency Weighting ◽  
Made In

This paper summarizes the progress made in the quest to establish a Cybersickness Dose Value (CSDV). The Motion Sickness Dose Value (MSDV), reported in the British Standard BS6841, has been used to predict the severity of seasickness since 1987. In 1999, the authors of this paper proposed a CSDV formulation with a structure similar to that of the MSDV (So, 1999). Since then, several experiments and simulation studies have been conducted to modify and develop the proposed CSDV formula. In particular, progress has been made in (i) the methods to measure CSDV, (ii) the determination of a frequency weighting curve to equalize the non-linear relationship between the navigation velocity and levels of cybersickness, and (iii) the detailed formulation of CSDV. This paper summarizes the past progress and reports on the current effort in developing a CSDV.

Downtime Analysis Techniques for Complex Offshore and Dredging Operations

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remmelt J. van der Wal ◽  
Gerrit de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Wind Waves ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
Offshore Structure ◽  
Hydrodynamic Models ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Made In

Offshore operations in open seas may be seriously affected by the weather. This can lead to a downtime during these operations. The question whether an offshore structure or dredger is able to operate in wind, waves and current is defined as “workability”. In recent decades improvements have been made in the hydrodynamic modelling of offshore structures and dredgers. However, the coupling of these hydrodynamic models with methods to analyse the actual workability for a given offshore operation is less developed. The present paper focuses on techniques to determine the workability (or downtime) in an accurate manner. Two different methods of determining the downtime are described in the paper. The first method is widely used in the industry: prediction of downtime on basis of wave scatter diagrams. The second method is less common but results in a much more reliable downtime estimate: determination of the ‘job duration’ on basis of scenario simulations. The analysis using wave scatter diagrams is simple: the downtime is expressed as a percentage of the time (occurrences) that a certain operation can not be carried out. This method can also be used for a combination of operations however using this approach does not take into account critical events. This can lead to a significant underprediction of the downtime. For the determination of the downtime on basis of scenario simulations long term seastate time records are used. By checking for each subsequent time step which operational mode is applicable and if this mode can be carried out the workability is determined. Past events and weather forecast are taken into account. The two different methods are compared and discussed for a simplified offloading operation from a Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM) buoy. The differences between the methods will be presented and recommendations for further applications are given.

DESTRUCTIVE METHODS FOR DETERMINING RESIDUAL STRESSES (review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
A.D. Monakhov ◽  
◽  
N.O. Yakovlev ◽  
V.V. Avtaev ◽  
E.A. Kotova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Speckle Interferometry ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Deep Hole ◽  
Destructive Methods

The paper presents an overview of methods for determining residual stresses. Methods such as splitting and segmentation, layer-by-layer removal, slitting (cutting, pliability), profiling, drilling holes (including a «deep» hole) are considered. The description of the methods for mea-suring the deformation used in the determination of residual stresses is given. The most common contact method using strain gauges, as well as non-contact methods: polarization-optical (photo-elasticity), optical speckle interferometry, digital image correlation.

A SIMPLE RAPID METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SMALL SAMPLES OF URINE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 814-818
Author(s):  
Allen S. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Gradient System ◽  
Small Opening ◽  
Flotation Method ◽  
Made In

THE THERAPY of infants with disturbances in fluid balance is greatly assisted by knowledge of the specific gravity of the urine. Frequently only a few milliliters can be collected at any one time, while a minimum sample of 25 ml is necessary for use of the smallest urinometers currently available. The existing methods of determining specific gravity of one drop of urine are somewhat laborious, and require expensive equipment and the services of a relatively skilled technician. The present report describes a method which is rapid and simple and requires only a few drops of urine in its use. It is similar in principle to the determination of specific gravity of blood by the copper-sulfate method. For use with urine, mixtures are employed of two relatively nonvolatile liquids, immiscible with water, and with specific gravities nearly equally above and below the range in urine. The specific gravity of urine is determined by allowing one drop to fall into each of a series of tubes containing a mixture of the two liqquids made up to various specific gravities ranging from 1.005 to 1.030 (Fig. 1). That mixture in which the drop of urine comes most nearly to remaining still (neither rising nor falling after coming to rest) approximates the specific gravity of the urine. The total sample needed is only a few drops, which can be quite small if a dropper with a small opening (2 mm) is used. The determination takes a few minutes. A year's supply of the mixtures can be made in one afternoon and costs less than $6.00. MATERIALS The two solutions used were selected from the flotation method of Kirk, using a density gradient system. These are Liquid 1, dibutyl-n-phthalate (Eastman), specific gravity 1.04820°; and Liquid 2, kerosene, specific gravity 0.8220°. (Similar results were obtained by substituting California mineral oil, specific gravity 0.842-0.88420°, for kerosene.)

scholarly journals Features of the Surface and Subsurface Waves Application for Ultrasonic Evaluation of Physicomechanical Properties of Solids. Part 1. Influence of the Geometrical Parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-326
Author(s):  
A. R. Baev ◽  
A. L. Mayorov ◽  
M. V. Asadchaya ◽  
V. N. Levkovich ◽  
K. G. Zhavoronkov
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coating ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Body Waves ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Small Aperture ◽  
Ultrasonic Evaluation

Application of surface and subsurface waves for control of objects with a double-layer structure allows to extend possibilities of diagnostics of their physico-mechanical properties. The purpose of work was to determine conditions and offer recommendations providing measuring of ultrasonic velocity and amplitude of the former modes in protective layers and in basis of object at one-sided access to its surface.The analysis of an acoustic path of a measuring system in relation to ultrasonic evaluation of the objects having the restricted sizes and the protective coating according to velocity data of the surface and subsurface waves propagation is made. On the basis of representations of beam acoustics the dependences connecting a wavelength of the excited surface and subsurface modes, thickness and width of a controlled object, acoustic base of a sounding are defined. There are to provide a condition leveling of the influence of an acoustical noise created by the reflected and accompanying waves on parameters of acoustic signal with the given quantity of oscillations in an impulse.The principle opportunity is shown and conditions for determination of velocity of subsurface body waves in the base material which is under a protective coating layer are established. For these purposes on the basis of use of the block of ultrasonic probes the optimum scheme of a sounding is offered and the analytical expression for calculation of required velocity considering varying of thickness of a covering is received.The method of acoustical measuring realized by a direct and reverse sounding of the objects with small aperture and angle probes was analysed and formulas for determination of speed of subsurface wave under protective layer of the wedge form have been got. An ultrasonic device is suggested for the excitationreception of subsurface waves with different speed in objects (on 20–35 %) using for the acoustic concordance of environments of metallic sound duct as a wedge. Possibility of leveling of interference in a protective layer to control efects in basis of material by a volume wave by creation of supporting echo-signal of longitudinal wave of the set frequency and entered normally to the surface of object was studied.

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