scholarly journals The Effect of Using DNA Obtained from Blood of Cattle with Genetic Chimerism on Illumina’s Beadchip Assay Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Gurgul ◽  
Dominika Rubiś ◽  
Monika Bugno-Poniewierska
Keyword(s):  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Direct Identification ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Precise Information ◽  
Assay Performance ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Chimerism ◽  
Dna Profiles ◽  
Common User ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Blood cell chimerism is a common phenomenon occurring in cattle coming from double or multiple parturitions and can be observed as two DNA profiles present in blood of each of twin born animals. In the era of genomics, a large number of animals is being genotyped with high throughput genotyping methods, which are giving limited insight into the performance of single markers and rather only statistical description of the results is available for a common user. This hampers the detailed analysis of the results obtained and direct identification of the causes of poorer performance of some samples. In this study we describe the influence of analysis of DNA obtained from blood samples of cattle with genetic chimerism on basic parameters of Infinium technology-based Illumina’s genotyping arrays. The results obtained may help to identify such samples, especially when no precise information about the animals’ origin is available

Alterations of serum resistin in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia

2004 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danqing CHEN ◽  
Minyue DONG ◽  
Qin FANG ◽  
Jing HE ◽  
Zhengping WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Resistin Level ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Third ◽  
Maternal Adaptation ◽  
Serum Resistin Level ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Insight Into

Resistin is expressed in human placenta and has been postulated to play a role in regulating energy metabolism in pregnancy. However, changes in serum resistin levels in normal pregnancy and in the setting of pre-eclampsia are far from understood. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the alterations in serum resistin level in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. Blood samples were taken from 28 healthy non-pregnant women, 27 women in the first, 26 in the second and 26 in the third trimesters of normal pregnancy and 25 women with pre-eclampsia. Serum resistin concentrations were determined by using an ELISA, and mean serum resistin levels were compared with one-way ANOVA. Serum resistin levels were not significantly different among non-pregnant women and women in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy (P>0.05 for all). Serum resistin was significantly elevated in the third trimester of normal pregnancy compared with non-pregnant women (P<0.01) and women in the first (P<0.001) and second (P<0.001) trimesters of pregnancy. Serum resistin level was significantly lower in women with pre-eclampsia than women in the third trimester of normal pregnancy (P<0.001), but was comparable with those of non-pregnant women and women in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy (P>0.05 for all). In conclusion, we found an increase in serum resistin in the third trimester of normal pregnancy, but this increase was not present in pre-eclampsia. We postulate that these associations may offer insight into the mechanisms of maternal adaptation to pregnancy and the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia.

Insight into normal thymic activity by assessment of peripheral blood samples

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diti Machnes-Maayan ◽  
Atar Lev ◽  
Uriel Katz ◽  
David Mishali ◽  
Amir Vardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Pathophysiological role of Atg5 in human ulcerative colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-429
Author(s):  
Razieh Ardali ◽  
Nasrin Kazemipour ◽  
Saeed Nazifi ◽  
Kamran Bagheri Lankarani ◽  
Iman Razeghian Jahromi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Colon Biopsy ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Insight Into

Background/Aims: Ulcerative colitis (UC), along with Crohn’s disease, is one of the main types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). On the other hand, deregulated autophagy is involved in many chronic diseases, including IBD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of Atg5 and microRNA-181a (miR-181a) in the pathophysiology of UC. Methods: Colon biopsy, stool, and blood samples of 6 men and 9 women were confirmed for UC. Also, 13 men and 17 women were selected as healthy control (HC). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the Atg-5 content of the colon biopsies. Besides, the serum and stool levels of Atg5 were measured using ELISA. Moreover, the total RNA of blood cells was extracted and evaluated for the expression of miR-181a.Results: We found 1.2 ng/mL versus 0.46 ng/mL, 0.34 ng/mL versus 0.24 ng/mL, and 0.082 ng/mL versus 0.062 ng/mL of Atg5 in stool, intestinal tissue, and serum of UC and HCs, respectively. There was no significant difference in the expression of miR-181a in the blood samples of UC and HCs. Immunohistochemistry showed high positivity without any significant difference between the 2 groups in the quantitative analysis.Conclusions: The significant difference observed between the stool Atg5 content of the HCs and UC patients may provide new insight into using this protein as a diagnostic biomarker, however, considering the small size of our studied population further studies are needed.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Insight on Pharmacokinetics

2016 ◽  
Vol I (I) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Urooj Naseem ◽  
Fatima Iqbal ◽  
Gul Shahnaz
Keyword(s):  
Drug Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acid Dissociation ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Acid Dissociation Constant ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Physicochemical Factors ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Phase I And Ii

Pharmacokinetics can be defined as what the body does to a drug. The basic parameters of pharmacokinetics are discussed here including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Characteristics and pathways taken by these drugs are determined by these parameters. The mechanism followed by these parameters are also discussed. Furthermore, the factors affecting these parameters including physicochemical factors, physical factors and pharmaceutical factors are also explored. Different routes of drug absorption and main barriers to drug distribution are also explained. The pharmacokinetic values namely acid dissociation constant, bioavailability and solubility are briefly explained. There is a detailed insight into the pathways of metabolism (Phase I and II reactions) and excretion.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Performance of Elite Speed Skaters Using SkateView: A New Device to Measure Performance in Speed Skating

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Jeroen van der Eb ◽  
Sjoerd Gereats ◽  
Arno Knobbe
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Stroke Frequency ◽  
New Device ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Speed Skating ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Light Force ◽  
Insight Into

In speed skating, environmental circumstances and the near-frictionless movement of the skate in a fore–aft direction over the ice make it difficult to measure technical performance parameters on a regular basis while training in an indoor speed skating rink. SkateView has been developed to overcome these challenges, comprising of two IMU’s (Inertial Measurement Unit), ultra-light force sensors, a mobile phone and an app providing feedback to coach and skater. The feedback, directly on the ice or shortly after a training session, consists of basic parameters like ice contact time, stroke frequency and lap times, and more parameters can be added. Stroke frequency is an important performance parameter, which is presented on a stroke–by–stroke basis and provides a direct insight into the activity.

scholarly journals Microsatellite analysis of cryopreserved stallion semen stored on FTA(R) paper : research communication

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Schulman ◽  
C.K. Harper ◽  
E. Bell ◽  
A. Nel ◽  
A.J. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Full Profile ◽  
Dna Profiles ◽  
Semen Donor

The aim of this study was to establish and validate a method to permit microsatellite analysis of DNA profiles obtained from frozen-thawed stallion sperm cells. This would provide reliable and accurate verification of the identification of a semen donor. Ejaculates from 5 pony stallions were collected, processed and frozen in 0.5 m plastic straws. Aliquots of 100 m of the frozen-thawed semen thus obtained were either placed directly, or diluted (1 : 10 ; 1 : 100 ; and 1 : 1000) and placed on slides of FTA(R) paper. Similarly, blood samples obtained from each of the stallions were placed onto slides of FTA(R) paper. A punch was removed from each sample after drying. Each sample was mixed with FTA(R) purification reagent, Dithiothreitol and Proteinase K before incubation and processing. All samples were processed with a set of 13 microsatellite markers. Further analysis permitted a comparison of the DNA profiles of the frozen-thawed semen and the blood samples. A full profile of markers was obtained from the 1 : 10 and 1 : 100 dilutions of the frozen-thawed semen samples as well as from the blood samples. The DNA profiles from the frozen-thawed semen and blood samples obtained from the stallions matched in all cases.

Dizygotic monochorionic canine fetuses with blood chimaerism and suspected freemartinism

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolynne J. Joonè ◽  
Kurt G. M. De Cramer ◽  
Johan O. Nöthling
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Female Fetus ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Dna Profiles ◽  
Female External Genitalia

Two full-term canine fetuses were found to share a placenta during Caesarean section. The fetuses were of discordant gender, with apparently normal male and female external genitalia. Genetic analysis of whole-blood samples obtained from each fetus revealed identical DNA profiles, with more than two alleles detected at six loci. Subsequent genetic analysis of myocardial tissue samples revealed dissimilar DNA profiles, with at most two alleles detected per locus. Superimposition of the tissue-derived profiles matched that derived from the blood samples exactly, except for two loci failing to amplify, and hence demonstrated blood chimaerism. Dissection of the abdomen of the male fetus revealed delayed descent of the testes towards the inguinal canals. Macroscopically, the gonads, uterus and vagina were not identifiable on dissection of the female fetus, although vestigial ovarian tissue and a vagina were detected microscopically. The hypoplastic internal reproductive tract of the female fetus was suggestive of freemartinism and is believed to be the first report of this condition in the canine.

scholarly journals Commonalities and differences between requirements engineering tools: A quantitative approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
de Carrillo ◽  
Joaquín Nicolás ◽  
Alemán Fernández ◽  
Ambrosio Toval ◽  
Christof Ebert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Requirements Engineering ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Precise Information ◽  
State Of Practice ◽  
Insight Into

System and software developers are concerned to gain insight into how current requirements engineering (RE) tools support processes. There is an important number of RE tools currently available on the market but, unfortunately, existing RE tool lists do not usually provide detailed and precise information about the tools they catalogue. In this paper, we study and compare current RE tools in the quest to answer the following research question: What level of variation, in terms of functionality, is observable in state-of-practice RE tools? A 188-item survey was designed, aimed at major tool vendors worldwide and based principally on the features covered by the ISO/IEC TR 24766:2009. Extensive data obtained from 29 participants was used to classify and group the RE tools, based on their capabilities. First of all, an inter-rater reliability analysis was performed to ensure the trustworthiness of the data. Descriptive statistics, hierarchical cluster analysis and statistical hypothesis testing were then applied. The tool scores for each candidate were calculated. A total of three clusters were identified. Statistically significant differences in coverage of features among these groups came to light. Our findings can help practitioners to decide which tool is the most suitable among several alternatives, according to their particular needs.

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