scholarly journals Considerations on the Impact of Emerging and Disruptive Technologies on Security Policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Mircea Vladu ◽  
Stelian Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Space Robotics ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
The North ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The issue of the impact of emerging and disruptive technologies on security policy is a major concern of the North Atlantic Treaty Alliance. This is also demonstrated by the meeting between the Board members and the newly-established Advisory Group for Emerging and Disruptive Technologies, consisting of top experts in the fields of Cyber, Artificial Intelligence, Quantum Computing, Big Data, Space, Robotics and Autonomous or Biotechnological Systems, to find new synergies between NATO, the private, governmental and academic sectors and to maintain the technological supremacy of the Alliance. At the same time, the fact that the Romanian Army has mastered the defining elements of the impact of emerging and disrupted technologies on security policy and acts to make them operational is demonstrated by the meeting of July 12, 2021, of the Minister of National Defense, Nicolae-Ionel Ciuca with Heidi Grant, director of the US Defense and Security Cooperation Agency, on which occasion Romania received from the US the name of “Dependable Undertaking (DU)” under which contracts for the purchase of military equipment can be concluded without any payment in advance. Based on these elements, we would like to continue to talk about some aspects of innovation in dual military technologies, such as the influence of emerging and disruptive technologies on the organization and use of the armed forces. The research method undertaken consisted in identifying bibliographic resources, studying them, drawing relevant conclusions and formulating points of view on the impact of emerging and disruptive technologies on security policies.

scholarly journals RÚSSIA, CHINA E A COREIA DO SUL NO MERCADO DE DEFESA SUL-AMERICANO

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Borges Gama Neto
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
South American ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Classic Pattern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Clear Change

The article tries to discuss if the impact of the political changes, which occurred in South America from the first decade of the century, influenced the purchase of military equipment by some countries of the region. The emergence of new governments, with a strong left leaning, occurred concurrently with a clear change in the classic pattern of buying defense equipment. European countries and the US have come to be preferred, as opposed to Russia and China, as suppliers of arms to the various South American armed forces.

REGIONAL SECURITY DYNAMICS IN NORTHERN EUROPE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF NORWAY) IN THE LIGHT OF RECENT CHANGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
D. Kalibekuly ◽  
◽  
Y.S. Chukubayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Member Country ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Security System ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines the dynamics of regional security in Norway as a part of Northern Europe. Being a political and geographical part of the Euro-Atlantic security system. Northern Europe, in its turn, is experiencing the impact of the confrontation between Russia and NATO. Norway's security policy analyzed from the perspective of a regional leader, as a NATO member country participating in the operations of the North Atlantic Alliance and as NATO's northern wing.

scholarly journals Quebec’s Economic and Commercial Linkages with the United States, 1994–2017

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl H. Fry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
The United States ◽  
The North ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the ebb and flow of the Quebec government’s economic and commercial relations with the United States in the period 1994–2017. The topic demonstrates the impact of three major forces on Quebec’s economic and commercial ties with the US: (1) the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which became operational in 1994 and was fully implemented over a 15-year period; (2) the onerous security policies put in place by the US government in the decade following the horrific events of 11 September 2001; and (3) changing economic circumstances in the United States ranging from robust growth to the worst recession since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The article also indicates that the Quebec government continues to sponsor a wide range of activities in the United States, often more elaborate and extensive than comparable activities pursued by many nation-states with representation in the US. 1 1 Stéphane Paquin, ‘Quebec-U.S. Relations: The Big Picture’, American Review of Canadian Studies 46, no. 2 (2016): 149–61.

Impact of Deterrence and Inertia on Information Security Policy Changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Kalana Malimage ◽  
Nirmalee Raddatz ◽  
Brad S. Trinkle ◽  
Robert E. Crossler ◽  
Rebecca Baaske
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Information Security Policy ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of deterrence and inertia on information security policy changes. Corporations recognize the need to prioritize information security, which sometimes involves designing and implementing new security measures or policies. Using an online survey, we investigate the effect of deterrent sanctions and inertia on respondents' intentions to comply with modifications to company information security policies. We find that certainty and celerity associated with deterrent sanctions increase compliance intentions, while inertia decreases respondents' compliance intentions related to modified information security policies. Therefore, organizations must work to overcome employees' reluctance to change in order to improve compliance with security policy modifications. They may also consider implementing certain and timely sanctions for noncompliance.

The impact of social security policies on farmland reallocation in rural China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-646
Author(s):  
Li Huang ◽  
Rong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the causality between social security policies and farmland reallocation in rural China. Design/methodology/approach It quantitatively analyzes the impact of each ongoing social security policy on farmland reallocation based on a data set from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011). Findings The study finds that the inclination of a village farmers’ collective to reallocate farmland due to changes in the village population increased if social security policies do not effectively cover the village because farmers rely primarily on income from farmland to cover their basic living expenses. However, if social security policies provide adequate coverage, then farmers do not rely entirely on on-farm income and the likelihood of farmland reallocation decreases. Furthermore, the effectiveness of social security policies includes not only coverage but also the sufficiency of the security policies provided. Research limitations/implications First, the authors use only cross-sectional data in this study, which may result in biased estimation and also limit temporal examination of the impact of social security systems, farmland reallocation and related policy variables. This limitation may be especially important in China because the country is undergoing a rapid socioeconomic transition. However, the research is constrained by the available data. Furthermore, there could be endogeneity problems that are difficult to address, given the current data set. These problems could involve the impacts of village-level economic, natural and social variables, the implementation of related public policies (land development and consolidation, land expropriation, etc.) and other economic variables. Practical implications These findings may provide implications for related policy reform in the near future. Originality/value These findings may facilitate a recognition and understanding of the causality between social security policies and farmland reallocation in rural China.

Polityka obronna Litwy w latach 2014-2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-89
Author(s):  
Piotr Szymański
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Location ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Ageing Society ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Eastern Flank ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
The Us ◽  
Defence Policy ◽  
The Baltic

The annexation of Crimea in 2014 marks the turning point in Lithuania’s defence policy. Previously, Lithuanian armed forces developed expeditionary capabilities in line with NATO’s out-of-area requirements and had to face substantial manning and equipment shortages as a result of the financial crisis. After 2014 clarion call, Lithuania responded with the most comprehensive measures of all the Eastern Flank states to strengthen its military capabilities. Lithuania’s main strategic concerns encompass both the Russian A2/AD bubble in Kaliningrad as well as the development of Russian offensive capabilities in the Baltic Sea region. The Lithuanian strive for security included a big hike in defence spending and a gradual increase in military personnel, with the reinstatement of conscription, faster modernisation of armed forces, development of military infrastructures, investments in combat readiness and an update of military exercises. This was supplemented by the strengthening of defence co-operation with key partners – both bilaterally and within the NATO framework. Lithuania’s main goal was to convince Allies to establish permanent military presence on its territory in order to strengthen deterrence against Russia. Between the NATO Wales Summit in 2014 and the Warsaw Summit in 2016, Lithuania was focused mainly on a closer military collaboration with the US – a country which then took a leading role in the military reassurance of the Eastern Flank. In Lithuania, the US has traditionally been perceived as the main security provider. The Warsaw Summit constituted a milestone in bolstering the Allied defence posture vis-à-vis Russia, which influenced Lithuania’s defence policy. American rotational company-size units in the Baltic states were subsequently replaced by NATO’s Enhanced Forward Presence, i.e. the deployment of German-led battalion-size battlegroup in Lithuania. Therefore, between 2016 and 2018 Lithuania tried to augment its strong defence ties with US while deepening military integration with Germany. The most significant sign of a closer military co-operation with Germany was the procurement of 88 Boxer infantry fighting vehicles. Recently, Germany has become the biggest supplier of military equipment to the Lithuanian army. Although Lithuania prefers to develop military co-operation primarily with US and Germany, Poland remains its important orientation point (mainly due to a similar threat perception and Poland’s geographic location). The core dimensions of the Polish-Lithuanian defence collaboration are the strengthening of air defence, including Grom systems deliveries, training of special forces and development of the trilateral brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG) together with Ukraine. In the coming years, the ongoing depopulation will remain the biggest internal challenge for the Lithuanian defence policy. Emigration and an ageing society result not only in a decreasing number of citizens reaching the enlistment age, but may also adversely affect the economic situation and - as a consequence - defence expenditure.

Network-centric emergency response: The challenges of training for a new command and control paradigm

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lt. Col. Mark Stanovich, USMCR
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Incident Command ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

The last two decades have seen technological innovations that have revolutionized the collection and transfer of information, permitting access to and dissemination of massive amounts of data with unprecedented speed and efficiency. These innovations have been incorporated into virtually every aspect of modern society, from personal communications, to commercial and business processes, to governmental function and military operations. The concept of network-centric warfare (NCW) grew out of these new capabilities and has been a prominent topic in strategic and operational discussions in the US military since the late 1990s.In recent years, the concepts behind NCW have been increasingly applied to emergency response, particularly as responders prepare for an increasingly complex threat spectrum in a post-9/11 world. As emergency responders adopt the technological innovations and organizational concepts that enable network-centric operations, attention should be paid to the lessons learned by the US armed forces in the application of the network-centric approach to war-fighting. Emergency operations centers (EOCs), incident command centers (ICCs), and field personnel will require extensive training and experimentation to sort out the impact of this new technology. They must develop protocols and procedures to leverage maximum advantage, while avoiding the undesirable and damaging effects of that technology improperly applied. Because most emergency response organizations lack the vast training resources of the US military, they must be innovative and adaptable in taking advantage of every opportunity to train their personnel in the assimilation of this new technology.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF RARE EARTH METALS IN THE INTERESTS OF DEFENSE AND THE IMPACT OF REGULATORY RESTRICTIONS ON THE INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
D.B. Izyumov ◽  
E.L. Kondratyuk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of the analysis of the global market of rare earth metals for the needs of the armed forces abroad. The Article also estimates the direction of development of the US legislative system in this area, as well as presents the results of comparing the levels of development of production of rare earth metals in the US and China.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Coalition Approach in US Policy on the Integration Processes in Europe in the Post-Bipolar Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (71) ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
Olha Y. Kravchuk ◽  
Volodymyr I. Zabolotnyuk ◽  
Yuliia V. Kobets ◽  
Oksana I. Lypchuk ◽  
Ivanna I. Lomaka
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The article examines the impact of the coalition approach in US policy on integration processes in Europe in the post-bipolar era. The aim of this article was to identify the peculiarities of the political situation in the world after a period of escalation of the nuclear conflict. It involved an analysis of sources in the field of coalition approach research in the United States, as well as a comparison of its impact on the political situation and European Union law. The author concluded that there is a lack of proper research in the field of the impact of the coalition approach in US policy in the post-bipolar era, and its impact on integration processes in Europe. Comparing the experience of the EU and the US, it was determined that the awareness of nuclear danger affected the development of a coalition approach in US policy. The study resulted in the identified specifics of the EU’s security policy under the influence of the US coalition approach, where the need to ensure stability and armed security is crucial. Prospects for further research include identifying US influence on Eastern countries.

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