scholarly journals Proteolytic parameter changes in the plasma of patients with bladder cancer – depending on tumor stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Viktor Dmytryk ◽  
Tetiana Luhovska ◽  
Pavel Yakovlev ◽  
Olexiy Savchuk ◽  
Tetiana Halenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteases ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is a worldwide common disease with a high mortality rate. Recognizing the dynamic changes in plasma that proteases and their inhibitors undergo might be valuable in understanding the carcinogenesis of invasive bladder cancer and in identifying BC patients with poor prognosis. This study aims to determine the activity of the proteolytic enzyme system and their inhibitors in patients with BC. In this paper, the total proteolytic activity, the activity of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and serine proteases was analyzed by the method of caseinolytic activity. For detection of activity of some inhibitors of proteolysis, we used the unified method for determining the activity of alpha-1-antitrypsin (α1A) and alpha-2-Macroglobulin (α2M) in human plasma. The level of medium-mass molecules (MMM) was assessed spectrophotometrically by applying the Nikolaichik method.The activity of MMPs was elevated in all groups of patients. Moreover, the activity of serine proteases was found to be enhanced in patients with Stage I, III and IV BC, while the activity of α1A was up by 1.4 and 1.3 times in patients with Stage I and Stage IV. The most significant increase was observed with regard to the activity of α2M in patients with I and III stages of BC. In addition, the level of MMM correlated with cancer stage. Indeed, the highest increase in the activity of protease inhibitors was observed in Stage I bladder cancer patients, which might signify their protective role at the onset of the bladder carcinogenesis. In contrast, significant growth in activity of α2M in patients with III stage of BC may point at a compensatory mechanism that inhibits tumor growth.

scholarly journals Elevated levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with bladder cancer depending on a tumor stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Dmytryk ◽  
Tetiana Luhovska ◽  
Pavel Yakovlev ◽  
Olexiy Savchuk ◽  
Ludmila Ostapchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Th 1

Bladder Cancer (BC) is a common disease worldwide. Chronic inflammation is one of the key mechanisms for the development of BC. This study enrolled 40 patients. Preoperative plasma levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12β, TNF-α and IFN-γ were determined by ELISA. In our study, we observed diverse changes in the levels of cytokines in patients with BC Stage I, II, III and IV. The levels of IL-1β was increased for stage I, stage II, and stage III. The level of TNF-α was increased for stage II, stage III, stage IV. The levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12β were increased in patients with stage III and IV only. The levels of IFN- γ declined for stage II, stage III and stage IV with the lowest levels in patients with Stage IV. In our study, we investigated alteration in levels of Th-1 and Th-2-like cytokine profile, but some deficiency in Th1- status discovered in patients with BC.

scholarly journals Comparative Trends in the Distribution of Lung Cancer Stage at Diagnosis in the Department of Defense Cancer Registry and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data, 1989–2012

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (11-12) ◽  
pp. e2044-e2048
Author(s):  
Joel A Nations ◽  
Derek W Brown ◽  
Stephanie Shao ◽  
Craig D Shriver ◽  
Kangmin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Nsclc Patients ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Introduction We compared the stage at diagnosis for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in the military healthcare system (MHS) and the general public to assess differences between these two groups as well as to assess the trends in stage at diagnosis in the recent past. Method This study was based on the non-identifiable data from the U.S. Department of Defense Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute. Patients diagnosed with NSCLC between 1989 and 2012 were included. The distributions of tumor stage at diagnosis and trends in tumor stage were compared between the two populations. Results The cohorts were predominately male in both ACTUR (65.3%) and SEER (55.1%) and white patients accounted for greater than 80% of patients in both ACTUR and SEER. Among 21,031 patients in ACTUR and 773,356 patients in SEER, stage IV lung cancers predominated (ACTUR 33.6%, SEER 40.5%) followed by stage III (ACTUR 26.1%, SEER 26.4%) and stage I (ACTUR 24.7%, SEER 20.6%). Notable differences between the two populations were the higher percentage of stage I and lower percentage of stage IV, along with a lower rate of unknown stage patients after 2004, in ACTUR than SEER. Between 1989 and 2012, the percentage of stage IV disease increased in ACTUR and SEER coincident with a decrease in unknown stage disease. Conclusions The majority of NSCLC patients in the MHS and general population are diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC and the percentage is increasing. Compared to the general population, NSCLC patients in the MHS have a higher percentage of stage I, a lower percentage of stage IV, and of unknown stage cancer. Universal care along with more rigorous staging across the MHS may play a role in these findings.

scholarly journals Evaluation of 2 Commercially Systems for Detection of Serum Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen in Pan Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327482098302
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Liru Tian ◽  
Jiahong Chen ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Runkun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Cancer Stage ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen

Background: This study compared the analytical performance of the Elecsys 602 (Roche Diagnostics) system with the I2000 (Abbott laboratories) system for the quantitative measurement of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) to assess its role as an indicator in pan squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: 435 serum samples included pan squamous cell cancer group (n = 318) and healthy subjects (n = 52) and non-squamous cell group (n = 41) and benign diseases group (n = 24) were measured by 2 systems and compared. Results: The within-run precision coefficient of variation (CV) for Abbott and Roche systems were 3.34-4.88% and 0.95 -1.96%, and the total precision CV were 2.89-9.48% and 3.97-5.38%, respectively. Good correlation was showed in Abbott and Roche systems (slopes = 0.749, r = 0.9658). Serum SCCA in the groups of nasopharyngeal carcinomas, lung squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, bladder cancer and cervical squamous cell carcinoma under the curve area (AUC) was more than 0.5, while the AUC in the non- nasopharyngeal carcinomas head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was less than 0.5. The AUC of 2 systems was statistically different in lung squamous cell carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinomas (P < 0.05). The levels of SCCA of 2 systems were similarities in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(stage IV vs. stage 0a-II)and bladder cancer(stage I vs. stage Oa)and cervical squamous cell carcinoma(stage IIB-III vs. stage I-IIA), which advanced stage had higher level of SCCA than early stage. But the SCCA levels of 2 systems were inconsistent in bladder cancer (stage II-IV vs. stage Oa in Abbott), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (stage IV vs. stage Oa-I in the Roche) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (stage III vs. stage I-II in the Roche). (P < 0.05) Conclusions: 2 systems correlated well in SCCA detection of squamous cell carcinoma, but there were individual differences. Serum SCCA may also contribute to the diagnosis of bladder cancer.

scholarly journals A prospective study on the incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism in Korean gastric cancer patients: An inquiry into the application of western guidelines to Asian cancer patients.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15129-e15129
Author(s):  
Keun Wook Lee ◽  
Jin Won Kim ◽  
Eun Ju Chun ◽  
Sang Il Choi ◽  
Do Joong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Pharmacologic Thromboprophylaxis ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients ◽  
A Prospective Study

e15129 Background: Several Western guidelines recommend the routine use of pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis for cancer surgery patients to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the necessity of routine pharmacologic perioperative thromboprophylaxis in Asian gastric cancer (GC) patients has not been clearly determined. Methods: To determine the necessity of routine perioperative pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis in Korean gastric cancer patients, the incidence of postoperative VTE was prospectively evaluated in gastric cancer patients receiving surgery. Among 610 GC patients who had received surgery, 375 patents prospectively underwent routine duplex Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) on days 5-12 following surgery to detect VTE and then VTE-related symptoms and signs were checked at 4 weeks after surgery (cohort A). The 235 patients that declined DUS were registered to cohort B and the occurrence of postoperative VTE was retrospectively analyzed. Results: In cohort A, symptomatic or asymptomatic VTE until 4 weeks after surgery was detected in 9 patients [2.4%; 95% confidence interval (CI); 0.9-3.9]. Tumor stage was a significant factor related to VTE development [stage I, 1.4%; stage II/III, 2.4%; stage IV, 9.7% (P = 0.008)]. In multivariate analysis, patients with stage IV had a higher postoperative VTE development [odds ratio, 8.18 (95% CI, 1.54-43.42)] than those with stage I. In cohort B, a low incidence of postoperative VTE was reaffirmed; only one postoperative VTE case (0.4%) was observed. Conclusions: The incidence of postoperative VTE in Korean GC patients was only 2.4%. Risk-stratified applications of perioperative pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis are thought to be more appropriate than the routine pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis in Korean GC patients receiving surgery.

Discerning predictors for gender differences in survival outcomes for patients treated for bladder cancer.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 360-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preston Kerr ◽  
Jinhai Huo ◽  
Sharon Hermes Giordano ◽  
Ashish M. Kamat ◽  
Edwin Edgard Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Muscle Invasive

360 Background: Radical cystectomy is an underutilized option for those with refractory non-muscle invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer, however, use of radical cystectomy may differ according to gender. We wanted to discern receipt and timing of radical cystectomy as well as survival outcomes according to gender. Methods: A total of 49,974 patients aged 66 years or older diagnosed with clinical stage I-IV bladder cancer from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2011 using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked data. We used univariate and multivariable regression analyses to identify factors predicting the use of radical cystectomy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze survival outcomes. Generalized linear models were performed to determine association between gender and delayed radical cystectomy. Results: A total of 49,974 patients were diagnosed with stage I to IV bladder cancer. 36,959 (74%) were male patients. Women were older, non-Caucasian race/ethnicity, with increased comorbidities and presented with more advanced disease (all p<0.001). Women were more likely than men to receive radical cystectomy across all clinical stages (stage I, relative risk [RR] 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27-1.84, p<0.001; stage II, RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.37-1.70, p<0.001; stage III, RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.15-1.39, p<0.001; stage IV, RR 1.31, 95% CI 1.17-1.47, p<0.001). Women had lower cancer-specific survival with stage II (hazard ratio [HR] 1.20, 95% CI 1.09-1.32, p<0.001), stage III (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.23-1.68, p<0.001), and stage IV (HR 1.29, 95%CI 1.17-1.43, p<0.001) disease. Delay from diagnosis to radical cystectomy was associated with worse survival. Conclusions: Gender differences persist with women significantly more likely to undergo radical cystectomy independent of clinical stage. After controlling for tumor characteristics and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, women have significantly worse cancer-specific survival than men. Delay to surgery did not account for this decreased survival among women. These findings support further research discerning bladder carcinogenesis according to gender.

scholarly journals Cancer-specific survival by stage of bladder cancer and factors collected by Mallorca Cancer Registry associated to survival

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ripoll ◽  
M. Ramos ◽  
J. Montaño ◽  
J. Pons ◽  
A. Ameijide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Background Information about survival by stage in bladder cancer is scarce, as well as about survival of non-invasive bladder cancer. The aims of this study are: 1) to find out the distribution of bladder cancer by stage; 2) to determine cancer-specific survival by stage of bladder cancer; 3) to identify factors that explain and predict the likelihood of survival and the risk of dying from these cancers. Methods Incident bladder cancer cases diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 were identified through the Mallorca Cancer Registry. Inclusion criteria: cases with code C67 according to the ICD-O 3rd edition with any behaviour and any histology, except lymphomas and small cell carcinomas. Cases identified exclusively through the death certificate were excluded. We collected the following data: sex; age; date and method of diagnosis; histology according to the ICD-O 3rd edition; T, N, M and stage at the time of diagnosis; and date of follow-up or death. End point of follow-up was 31 December 2015. Multiple imputation (MI) was performed to estimate cases with unknown stage. Cases with benign or indeterminate behaviour were excluded for the survival analysis. Actuarial and Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression models were used for survival analysis. Results One thousand nine hundred fourteen cases were identified. 14% were women and 65.4% were 65 years or older. 3.9% had no stage (benign or undetermined behaviour) and 11.5% had unknown stage. After MI, 37.5% were in stage Ta (non-invasive papillary carcinoma), 3.2% in stage Tis (carcinoma in situ), 34.3% in stage I, 11.7% in Stage II, 4.3% in stage III, and 9.0% in stage IV. Survival was 76% at 5 years. Survival by stage: 98% at stage Ta, 90% at stage Tis, 85% at stage I, 45% at stage II, 35% at stage III, and 7% at stage IV. The Cox model showed that age, histology, and stage, but not sex, were associated with survival. Conclusion Bladder cancer survival vary greatly with stage, among both non-invasive and invasive cases. The percentage of non-invasive cancers is high. Stage, age, and histology are associated to survival.

scholarly journals High Apelin Level Indicates a Poor Prognostic Factor in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Yang ◽  
Yan-Lei Li ◽  
Xiao-Qing Li ◽  
Zheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Vascular Invasion ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
High Tumor Stage ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Purpose. To compare the expression level of apelin in muscle-invasive bladder cancer and matched paracarcinoma tissues and investigate the relationship between apelin and clinical prognosis in the patients. Methods. To assess apelin expression by using immunohistochemical method compared with bladder tumors and matched paracarcinoma tissues. Subsequently, the correlation of apelin expression with the clinicopathological features of bladder cancer patients was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves method was used to analyze apelin prognostic significance for muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients (including 404 muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients and 28 normal bladder tissues, in TCGA dataset). Results. Apelin protein level was overexpressed in bladder tumor tissues compared with paracarcinoma tissues. Furthermore, high apelin expression was associated with high tumor stage (P<0.05), distant metastasis (P<0.05), and vascular invasion (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier curve analyses showed that the overexpression of apelin was a potential predictor of overall survival and disease-free survival. Conclusion. Apelin was upregulated in bladder tumor tissues compared with matched adjacent noncancer tissues, especially in the high tumor stage, distant metastasis, and vascular invasion. What is more, high expression of apelin in muscle-invasive bladder cancer indicates the poor prognosis. These data suggested that apelin might be a therapeutic potential biomarker in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients.

scholarly journals Down-regulation LncRNA-SNHG15 contributes to proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldhabi Mokhtar ◽  
Chuize Kong ◽  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Yan Du
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Bladder Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
Proliferation And Invasion

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lncRNA-SNHG15 in bladder carcinoma using cell lines experiments and the relationship between clinical characteristics and lncRNA-SNHG15 expression was analyzed. Methods Bladder cancer tissues and near-cancer tissues were collected. The real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of lncRNA-SNHG15 in tissues and cell lines. The expression of lncRNA-SNHG15 was downregulated by interference (siRNA), as detected by RT-PCR, that was used to determine the efficiency of the interference. CCK-8 and Transwell assays were used to evaluate the effect of lncRNA-SNHG15 on the proliferation and invasion capability of bladder cancer cells. The t-test was used for Statistical analyses, which were carried out using the Statistical Graph pad 8.0.1.224 software. Result The expression of lncRNA-SNHG15 was up regulated in 5637, UMUC3 and T24 cell lines compared with corresponding normal controls (P < 0.05). Up regulation was positively related to tumor stage (P = 0.015). And tumor size (P = 0.0465). The down-regulation of lncRNA-SNHG15 with siRNA significantly inhibited UMUC3 and T24 cell proliferation and invasion. Conclusion This study showed that lncRNA-SNHG15 is overexpressed in bladder cancer tissues and (5637, UMUC3 T24) cell lines. Up regulation was positively related to tumor stage (P = 0.015), and tumor size (P = 0.0465). Down-regulation of lncRNA-SNHG15 by siRNA significantly inhibited UMUC3 and T24 cell proliferation and invasion, indicating a potential molecular target for future tumor targeted therapy.

scholarly journals EPDR1 is related to stages and metastasize in bladder cancer and can be used as a prognostic biomarker

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Yang ◽  
Hanchao Zhang ◽  
Zhengdao Liu ◽  
Faliang Zhao ◽  
Guobiao Liang
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Advanced Tumor Stage ◽  
Normal Bladder ◽  
Advanced Tumor ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackgroundBladder cancer (BLCA) is a malignant urothelial carcinoma and has a high mortality rate. EPDR1 (ependymin related 1) is a type II transmembrane protein and related to calcium-dependent cell adhesion.MethodsWe explored the potential oncogenic roles of EPDR1 in BLCA basing on the multiple public datasets.ResultsWe found that EPDR1 expression had a significant difference in BLCA and adjacent normal bladder tissues, and the level of EPDR1was up-regulated with advanced tumor stage and metastasis in BLCA. Meanwhile, the high expression group of EPDR1 had a shorter OS compared to the low or medium expression-group. Furthermore, EPDR1 expression was associated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), including NK cells, CD8 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, Macrophages cells, and so on. Moreover, EPDR1 also involved in several signaling pathways as well as PI3K/AKT pathway, Cytokine receptor interaction, and apoptosis.ConclusionEPDR1 can be used as a novel prognostic biomarker as well as an effective target for diagnosis and treatment in BLCA.

scholarly journals Cutaneous Metastasis of Prostate Adenocarcinoma: A Rare Presentation of a Common Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962199076
Author(s):  
Alexander Dills ◽  
Okechukwu Obi ◽  
Kevin Bustos ◽  
Jesse Jiang ◽  
Shweta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Cancer Genetics ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cutaneous Metastasis ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Cutaneous Metastases ◽  
Rare Presentation

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer affecting men in the United States and the second greatest cause of cancer-related death. Metastases usually occur to bone followed by distant lymph nodes and then viscera. Cutaneous metastases are extremely rare. Their presence indicates advanced disease and a poor prognosis. As they are highly variable in appearance and may mimic a more benign process, biopsy is essential for identification. Serine proteases, particularly human tissue kallikreins, may play an important role in promoting metastasis and facilitate infiltration of the skin. Individual cancer genetics may predispose to more aggressive cancer and thus earlier and more distant metastases. In this article, we report our case of a 67-year-old man with a 4-year history of castrate-resistant prostate cancer with cutaneous metastases confirmed by histology. Despite multiple lines of systemic therapy, the patient suffered progressive disease with worsening performance status and was enrolled in hospice.

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