scholarly journals Local Communities and Sport Activities Expenditures and Image: Residents’ Role in Sustainable Tourism and Recreation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Perna ◽  
Maria João Custódio ◽  
Vanessa Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Scientific Instrument ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Regular Practice

AbstractThe practice of sports by resident communities is a tool for healthy lifestyles, inclusive growth and the promotion of sustainable cities. Nevertheless, the relationship between sport, tourism and recreation still remain an under researched theme. Focusing on the economic pillar of sustainability, this study intends to quantify and analyse the economic costs incurred by families in formal and informal sport practices, as well as the contribution of these activities and related events to the territory’s image projection and attractiveness, by overlapping resident’s and visitor’s perception of sports in the destination. Applied to the municipality of Guimarães (Portugal), this analysis of the sports consumer’s behaviour contributes to filling the gap of knowledge resulting from the studies that, as a rule, exclusively evaluate the investments (supply) and/or the expenses (demand) of events and not the regular practice of sport. A total of 179 questionnaires were applied to residents throughout 2017, through the self-administrate questionnaire method. Findings reveal that residents see sports as one of the factors contributing to the identity of the municipality, underlying motivations for participation as the search for happiness, health, wellbeing, and fun. Expenditures generate multiplier effects in the local economy, allowing to compare growth scenarios. This analysis is a scientific instrument to support territorial innovation and the decision at the local level of public policies for sustainable development, in agreement with objective eight of sustainability defined by the United Nations.

Multipliers and impacts of active sport tourism in the Greek region of Messinia

2020 ◽  
pp. 135481662090232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayiotis Drakakis ◽  
Athanasios Papadaskalopoulos ◽  
Dimitrios Lagos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Horse Riding ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Pole Theory ◽  
Greek Region ◽  
Active Sport

Few studies on the economic impact of active sport tourism have been conducted, and these are limited to one sport. Multipliers, moreover, relate only to sport activities and not to sport tourist typologies. This article examines the economic impact of four activities (golf, windsurfing, horse riding and scuba diving) on income and employment generation in Messinia, a region in south-western Greece. Since no input–output tables are available at this local level, the ad hoc model was employed. Golf generated higher income and more employment units than the other activities, displaying all of the characteristics of a propulsive activity, a concept derived from the growth pole theory. Regarding typologies, primary sports tourists exhibit higher multipliers than tourists interested in sport in every case. The article, also, partially validates the general consensus that small tourism firms have higher total multipliers than their larger counterparts. Implications stemming from the results are discussed.

scholarly journals Are Perceptions of Local Conditions Rooted in Reality? Evidence From Two Large-Scale Local Surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-474
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Holbrook ◽  
Aaron C. Weinschenk
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Retrospective Voting ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Objective Indicators

In this research note, we test an assumption that is often made in the literature on local retrospective voting—that peoples’ perceptions of local conditions are well-grounded in reality. To do so, we examine the relationship between objective measures of local conditions and aggregated survey measures of perceptions of those conditions. We focus on three different conditions that have been shown to influence vote choice and approval at the local level—the state of the local economy, the quality of local public schools, and levels of local crime—and find strong evidence that perceptions of these conditions reflect actual local conditions. This important and previously unreported finding helps bolster the connections some scholars have found between objective indicators and election outcomes at the local level, as those indicators are tied to mass perceptions of related local conditions, which are connected to evaluations of incumbents. Overall, our results indicate that local electorates are well-positioned to hold local officials responsible. Given the general conception of the local electorate as disengaged, the strength and consistency of our findings are somewhat unexpected.

Compliance and Conflict of Value in Public Policy Implementation: Comparison between the New Order and the Reformation Era

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwiyanto Indiahono ◽  
Erwan Purwanto ◽  
Agus Pramusinto
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
New Order ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Public Policy Implementation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conflict Of Value ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to examine differences in the relationship of bureaucratic and political officials during the New Order (Soeharto’s era) and the Reformation (post-Soeharto) era within the arena of public policy implementation. This is a matter of importance given that there is a change in relations between the two from integration in the New Order to bureaucratic impartiality in the Reformation Era. This study attempts to answer the question: How were the relations of bureaucratic and political officials in the implementation of local level public policy during the New Order and the Reformation Era? A qualitative research has been conducted in Tegal Municipality using the following data collection techniques: interview, focus group discussion, documentation, and observation. Tegal Municipality was selected as the study location because of the unique relationship shown between the mayor and the bureaucracy. Its uniqueness lies in the emergence of bureaucratic officials who dare to oppose political officials, based on their convictions that bureaucratic/public values should be maintained even if it means having to be in direct conflict with political officials. This research indicates that the relationship between bureaucratic and political officials in the arena of local level policy implementation during the New Order was characterized as being full of pressure and compliance, whereas during the Reformation Era bureaucrats have the audacity to hinder policy implementation. Such audacity to thwart policies is considered to have developed from a stance that aims to protect public budget and values in policies. The occurring conflict of values here demonstrates a dichotomy of political and bureaucratic officials that is different from the prevailing definition of politics-administration dichotomy introduced at the onset of Public Administration studies.

Teachers' Attitudinal Orientation Towards the Socially Disadvantaged Students and their Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-72
Author(s):  
Anna Petr Šafránková ◽  
Tereza Humenská
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
The Relationship

In the context of education of socially disadvantaged pupils and the perspective of inclusive education, the teacher occupies a significant position. The presented study focuses on the issue of education of socially disadvantaged pupils, respectively its aim is to present results of the research survey focused on the attitudinal orientation of teachers in Pardubice, Liberec and Ústí nad Labem regions (n = 122) towards the socially disadvantaged pupils. Further, its goal is to find out whether there exists a relation between the teacher's attitudinal orientation and the region, his/her age, the length of the teaching experience, his/her experience with socially disadvantaged pupils education and their self-efficacy. In order to achieve research goals the Likert-type questionnaire method was used and as a research tool Teacher self-efficacy. The obtained data were subjected to factor analysis, in order to verify the relation between individual variables ANOVA was used, further Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. It was found out that teachers evaluate the group of socially disadvantaged pupils rather negatively, on the other hand, they evaluate the possibility to reduce or overcome their disadvantage originating from the family environment they come from rather positively and also they perceive the relationship between the school and the socially disadvantaged pupils rather positively. The teachers' attitudinal orientation is not related to the previous experience with the education of socially disadvantaged pupils, the length of their teaching experience and region where the teachers work. On the contrary, the relation between teachers' attitudinal orientation and age and self-efficacy was proved.

Die Bundeswehr und die Belgischen Streitkräfte in Deutschland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Springer
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Training Areas ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peak Phase ◽  
East West

This study is dedicated to the regional history of the East-West conflict on the basis of the relationship between the Germany military and the Belgian armed forces stationed in Germany. The central question it addresses is which factors were largely responsible for the interdependence between actors and institutions of both armies. In addition to analysing the limited time of the peak phase of Belgian military deployment in the Federal Republic 1946–1990, the book concentrates regionally on the military training areas of Vogelsang in the Eifel and the Wahner Heide near Cologne as military contact zones. For this purpose, the author evaluates unpublished archival sources at the local level for the first time.

scholarly journals Local industrial strategy and skills policy in England: Assessing the linkages and limitations – a case study of the Sheffield City Deal

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 857-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sissons ◽  
Katy Jones
Keyword(s):  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Local Growth ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Economic Development Policy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

This paper examines changes in local economic development policy which occurred between 2010 and 2015, with a focus on the relationship between industrial strategy and skills policy. Under the Coalition Government, Local Enterprise Partnerships were established and tasked with facilitating local growth, and to do so many identified a set of (potential) growth sectors for industrial strategy to support. These sectors tended to be drawn from a relatively narrow range of industries which therefore often excluded a large proportion of the local economy. An important focus of the support for growth sectors for many has been through an ambition to influence the local skills system. Skills policy more broadly has been an important dimension of devolution, and a number of City Deals have included elements of skills policy. Echoing previous national policy however, the focus of local concerns with skills under devolution has been framed largely with reference to skills gaps and shortages. While specific skills gaps and shortages can be identified, this paper questions whether this default position is reflected widely, and as such, if a narrow focus on skills supply is a sufficient approach. It is argued that to support local growth across a broad base, greater attention needs to be paid to stimulating employer demand for skills through better integrating industrial and innovation policy with skills policymaking across a wider section of the local economy. To support these arguments we present a case study of the Sheffield City Deal.

scholarly journals On the ratio of “gift” to “gift-giving” categories

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
V. O. Riadinska ◽  
Yu. O. Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Gift Giving ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Costs Of Production ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyzes the relationship between the concepts of “gift” and “gift-giving” as categories of modern legislation of Ukraine. It is noted that although the etymological meaning of the words “gift” and “giftgiving” is equal, the legislator uses these concepts as different categories; in various normative acts either gives them different definitions or operates with these two categories as synonyms. Comparing the signs of a gift and a gift-giving, it is determined that a gift can be provided both free of charge and for a fee, but at a price lower than the minimum market price. In the context of gift and gift-giving features, the ratios of “minimum market price” and “symbolic amount” are investigated. It is justified that the minimum market price is less than the market price, but it takes into account the economic costs of production and sale of goods and the minimum profit, while the symbolic price is formed by the prevailing in the society and concerns the free transfer of things. The ratio of “gift” and “gift-giving” categories in the civil and anticorruption legislation is formulated and its features are defined: 1) the concept of “gift-giving” (Civil Code of Ukraine) is narrower than the concept of “gift” (Law of Ukraine “On Prevention of Corruption”); 2) the main feature of giving is that the gift is free of charge, and the “gift” may be given at a price lower than the minimum market price, while the “symbolic fee” is a category that differs from the category of “price lower than the minimum market price”; 3) the decision to accept “gift-giving” depends on the person who is being presented, but the special subject can accept “gift” only if he or she is permitted by the anti-corruption legislation and is obliged to refuse it and implement a set of appropriate measures in case he or she is prohibited or restricted; 4) the categories “gift-giving” and “gift” are not identical, but when a special subject receives “gifts” from close people, they are “gift-giving”. Keywords: gift, gift-giving, anti-corruption legislation, special subject, minimum market price.

scholarly journals Prediction of Urban and Rural Tourism Economic Forecast Based on Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wusheng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Economic Forecast ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tourism Revenue

With the rapid development of tourism, tourism revenue, as one of the important indicators to measure the development of the tourism economy, has high research value. The quasi-prediction of tourism revenue can drive the development of a series of related industries and accelerate the development of the domestic economy. When forecasting tourism income, it is necessary to examine the causal relationship between tourism income and local economic development. The traditional cointegration analysis method is to extract the promotion characteristics of tourism income to the local economy and construct a tourism income prediction model, but it cannot accurately describe the causal relationship between tourism income and local economic development and cannot accurately predict tourism income. We propose an optimized forecasting method of tourism revenue based on time series. This method first conducts a cointegration test on the time series data of the relationship between tourism income and local economic development, constructs a two-variable autoregressive model of tourism income and local economy, and uses the swarm intelligence method to test the causal relationship and the relationship between tourism income and local economic development, calculate the proportion of tourism industry, define the calculation result as the direct influence factor of tourism industry on the local economy, calculate the relevant effect of local tourism development and economic income, and construct tourism income optimization forecast model. The simulation results show that the model used can accurately predict tourism revenue.

scholarly journals Investigation of Burnout Levels of Anaesthesiologists and Technicians in Covid-19 Pandemic Period

Acta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Gülsüm Kavalci ◽  
Selvi Ceran Kayipmaz
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Research Hospital ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic further increased this stress of employees. This disease, which did not have a cure and a vaccine at the beginning, increased the anxiety of the employees and forced them to live separately due to the risk of infecting family members. This study aimed to investigate the burnout levels of doctors and technicians working in Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital Anaesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted prospectively by using a questionnaire method in the Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital. Maslach Burnout questionnaire applied to the participants. Quantitative data were expressed as %, the number of subjects as (n). The distribution of continuous variables was evaluated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnow test. Qualitative data were expressed in mean±SD (standard deviation). X2 test was used for comparison of categorical variables. Independent Student T-test was used for comparison of continuous variables. The relationship between burnout level and variables was determined by Pearson Correlation Test. The value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 52 volunteers participated in the study. The average emotional exhaustion score of the volunteers participating in the study was 31.13±4.6, the average depersonalization score was 15.06±3.3, and the mean personal achievement score was 23.60±3.7. There was no statistically significant relationship between any of the variables and the burnout level (p>0.05). Conclusion: The high level of burnout in a clinic that is at the forefront of the fight against Covid-19, such as anesthesiology and reanimation, is important in terms of determining the situation.

scholarly journals Lawful Solutions For Violation On Women In Sports

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-111
Author(s):  
Zuzana Sakáčová
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Women In Sport ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
The Right ◽  
Women In Sports ◽  
The Relationship

Summary This contribution deals with the legal aspects and acts of violence against a group of women in sport. Discussions about violence in society and thus on violence in sport are often associated with people's thoughts about the moral state of society as a whole. Violence against women is one of the most widespread violations of human dignity. It represents a violation of human rights, namely the right to life, the right to safety, the right to dignity, the right to physical and mental integrity. It is desirable to raise awareness about the prevention of sexual violence at all levels. We have to focus on preventive precautions to support projects to fight violence and intolerance in sport, to develop codes of conduct that determine the relationship between athletes, relations between men and women, as well as relations between coaches and officials, relations between parents and coaches. The Slovak Republic is only at the beginning of the way of creating the relationship between law and sport. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the legal awareness of sport as a tool for regulation in sport activities.

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