Upward Transition of Indian Entrepreneurs: from Simple Working to Ethnic Entrepreneurship. A Case Study in an Italian Region

Abstract This paper explores the role of entrepreneurial orientation in addressing upward mechanisms of Indian immigrant workers in rural areas. To achieve this purpose, an empirical analysis was carried out to investigate how entrepreneurial orientation may affect mechanisms of professional transition. Precisely, we managed direct interviews among Indian workers (through the support of cultural mediators), local actors (like public and private advisors) and Italian entrepreneurs. Our funding suggests the presence of three Indian workers in Italy (simple workers, intrapreneurs, entrepreneurs), characterised by different entrepreneurial profile acting as engine or barrier to what we have labelled as “upward transition”. Immigrant entrepreneurs play a relevant role in Italy and in our point of view, it is of paramount importance to allow them to access to rural development policies, knowledge, training and education upgrading.

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Key Drivers of the Engagement of Farmers in Social Innovation for Marginalised Rural Areas

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13158454 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 8454

Author(s):

Antonio Baselice ◽

Mariarosaria Lombardi ◽

Maurizio Prosperi ◽

Antonio Stasi ◽

Antonio Lopolito

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Social Innovation ◽

Social Needs ◽

The European Union ◽

Heckman Model ◽

Horizon 2020 ◽

Development Policies ◽

Local Actors ◽

Key Drivers

The European Union promotes social innovation (SI) initiatives for the support of marginalised rural areas through rural and sustainable development policies. These are based on the engagement of local actors and the strengthening of their mutual relationships to boost the fostering of professional collaborations. In this context, the Horizon 2020 Social Innovation in Marginalised Areas (SIMRA) project elaborated a conceptual framework for characterising the engagement in an SI initiative. Accordingly, this paper aims to demonstrate that engagement relies on specific key drivers, such as the existence of unmet social needs and the role of agency. To this end, a two-step Heckman model was applied to an SI initiative case study called Vàzapp’, a rural hub (agency) located in Southern Italy. It promotes relationships among farmers to valorise the marginalised rural areas. The results appear consistent with the theoretical framework, demonstrating that the farmers’ engagement was motivated by the existence of the aforementioned determinants. The implications are relevant for policymakers, consultants, and social innovators who may incorporate these elements in designing specific SI projects in different contexts.

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Physical capital stock, technological upgrading and modernisation in Hungary

Acta Oeconomica ◽

10.1556/aoecon.55.2005.2.4 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 201-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Andrea Szalavetz

Keyword(s):

Capital Accumulation ◽

Physical Capital ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Point Of View ◽

Technology Generation ◽

Development Policies ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Physical Capital Accumulation

This paper discusses the relation between the quality and quantity indicators of physical capital and modernisation. While international academic literature emphasises the role of intangible factors enabling technology generation and absorption rather than that of physical capital accumulation, this paper argues that the quantity and quality of physical capital are important modernisation factors, particularly in the case of small, undercapitalised countries that recently integrated into the world economy. The paper shows that in Hungary, as opposed to developed countries, the technological upgrading of capital assets was not necessarily accompanied by the upgrading of human capital i.e. the thesis of capital skill complementarity did not apply to the first decade of transformation and capital accumulation in Hungary. Finally, the paper shows that there are large differences between the average technological levels of individual industries. The dualism of the Hungarian economy, which is also manifest in terms of differences in the size of individual industries' technological gaps, is a disadvantage from the point of view of competitiveness. The increasing differences in the size of the technological gaps can be explained not only with industry-specific factors, but also with the weakness of technology and regional development policies, as well as with institutional deficiencies.

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IMPLEMENTASI PERCEPATAN PEMBANGUNAN DESA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA

Jurnal Gagasan Hukum ◽

10.31849/jgh.v1i02.7701 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (02) ◽

pp. 216-227

Author(s):

Abustan Abustun

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Public Facilities ◽

State Administration ◽

Development Policies ◽

The Government ◽

Village Government ◽

The Village ◽

And Training

Dalam perjalanan ketatanegaraan Indonesia, sistem pemerintahan desa kembali mulai diseragamkan melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran lembaga pemerintahan desa dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan berkelanjutan di pedesaan serta tata kelola kebijakan pembangunan desa melalui pemanfaatan Dana Desa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa faktor pendukung pelaksanaan tugas Kepala Desa di Kecamatan Trucuk yaitu adanya pengarahan, bimbingan, serta pelatihan bagi Kepala Desa dalam menyusun rancangan peraturan desa untuk mewujudkan percepatan pembangunan desa yang berkelanjutan. Sedangkan faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaan tugas Kepala Desa di Kecamatan Trucuk yaitu rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam menyikapi program kerja yang dijalankan oleh pemerintah desa serta rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam memelihara fasilitas umum yang ada di desa. Pemerintahan desa yang baik adalah sebuah kerangka institusional untuk memperkuat otonomi desa karena secara substantif desentralisasi dan otonomi desa bukan hanya masalah pembagian kewenangan antarlevel pemerintah, melainkan sebagai upaya membawa pemerintah untuk lebih dekat dengan masyarakat. Pemerintah desa yang kuat dan otonom tidak akan bermakna bagi masyarakat tanpa ditopang oleh transparansi, akuntabilitas, responsivitas, dan partisipasi masyarakat. IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCELERATION OF VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN REALIZING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BASED ON LAW NUMBER 6 YEAR 2014 ABOUT VILLAGE Abstract In the course of the Indonesian state administration, the village government system began to be uniform again through Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. This research aims to explain the role of village government institutions in the implementation of sustainable development in rural areas and the governance of village development policies through the use of Village Funds. The method used in this research is empirical legal research. The results of this research explain that the supporting factors for the implementation of the duties of the village head in Trucuk Village are direction, guidance, and training for village heads in drafting village regulations to realize the acceleration of sustainable village development. Meanwhile, the factors that hinder the implementation of the duties of the village head in Trucuk Village are the low participation of the community in responding to the work programs run by the village government and the low awareness of the community in maintaining public facilities in the village. Good village governance is an institutional framework to strengthen village autonomy because substantively decentralization and village autonomy are not just a matter of sharing authority between levels of government, but as an effort to bring the government closer to the community. A strong and autonomous village government will not be meaningful to the community without being supported by transparency, accountability, responsiveness and community participation.

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Fostering Ecocultural Resources, Identity, and Tourism in Inland Territories (Galicia, NW Spain)

10.4018/978-1-7998-7339-6.ch001 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Elena De Uña-Álvarez ◽

Montserrat Villarino-Pérez

Keyword(s):

Life Experiences ◽

Local Development ◽

Local Communities ◽

Nw Spain ◽

Public And Private ◽

Territorial Identity ◽

Local Actors ◽

Private Actors ◽

Depth Interviews

Inland territories hold a great diversity of ecocultural resources, increasingly constituted in tourist products for local development. Their role in improving the socioeconomic conditions and wellness of local communities, as well as in promoting tourism and sustainability, depends on the involvement of public and private actors. The relationships and the collaboration of local actors are essential in that regard. The study of aforementioned processes takes place in the inland territory of Galicia (NW Spain). The methodology of research relied on in-depth interviews. Due to the key role of the local actors, the interviews focused on their professional and life experiences. The analysis of the answers establishes the definition and the appraisal of the main resources, attached to territorial identity, and highlights the engagement and involvement of the actors in the territorial dynamics that foster the promotion of the ecocultural resources for tourism.

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New Values of Non-Wood Forest Products

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11020165 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 165 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Weiss ◽

Emery ◽

Corradini ◽

Živojinović

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Forest Products ◽

Renewable Materials ◽

Public And Private ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Commercial Activities ◽

Policy Measures ◽

Private Actors ◽

Innovation Support

The role of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) in industrialised country economies has declined in the past, but they are generating renewed interest as business opportunities. In a forest-based bio-economy frame, NWFPs can contribute to human nutrition, renewable materials, and cultural and experiential services, as well as create job and income opportunities in rural areas. Applying a service-dominant logic (SDL) approach to analysis of NWFPs, this article aimed to understand how new goods and services are co-created through networks of public and private actors in specific institutional, social, and cultural contexts. This focus sheds light on the experiences associated with NWFP harvest and use, revealing a fulsome suite of values and economic opportunities that include but are greater than the physical goods themselves. Turning the SDL lens on in-depth case studies from Europe and North America, we show dimensions of forest products that go beyond commercial values but are, at the same time, constituent of commercial activities. SDL provides a new view on customer relations, service provision to businesses, and policy measures for innovation support for non-wood forest products.

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The lawn grew too quickly! Perception of rural idyll by Czech amenity migrants

GeoScape ◽

10.2478/geosc-2019-0004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 55-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jan Píša

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Point Of View ◽

Social Dimension ◽

Way Of Life ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Initial Image ◽

Rural Space ◽

Initial Perception

Abstract The arrival of amenity migrants has significant impacts for many rural areas in economic, environmental and social terms. While the causes of relocation from cities to remote rural localities can be generally understood as attempts to change the way of life, the consequences of this phenomenon are relatively diverse. Perception of rural space from the migrant´s point of view stems partly from the so-called rural idyll, which shapes the image of the countryside across society, especially through media, tourism and recreation. This study aims to discover links between rural idyll and motivational factors of the Czech amenity migrants. Semi-structured interviews with the Czech amenity migrants have been used in order to uncover the social dimension of the phenomenon of rural idyll. Emphasis has been put both on the genesis of their relationship to the rural environment, but also on the consistency and differences between expectations and the reality of rural life. I identify the key role of tourism and recreation in shaping the initial perception of rural space, whereas the role of media is rather implicit. In the perception of amenity migrants, the initial image of rural space differed only slightly when the physical environment of rural space is considered but a mismatch is found between initial ideas about rural communities and their real experience after moving there.

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Analiza metodyki postępowania w procesach rekrutacji pracowników naukowych

Studia Edukacyjne ◽

10.14746/se.2017.46.21 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 325-345

Author(s):

Waldemar Walczak

Keyword(s):

Empirical Study ◽

Code Of Ethics ◽

Academic Staff ◽

Code Of Conduct ◽

Point Of View ◽

Equal Treatment ◽

Public And Private ◽

Legal Provisions ◽

The Republic

The purpose of this article is to present a multifaceted analysis concerning methodology proceedin-gs in recruitment procedures for researchers. Theoretical considerations are complemented by concusions of an empirical study. The role of scientificinstitutions and values applicable in the scientificcommunity in light of popularized theories are analyzed first.Additionally, reference is made to the principles enshrined in the code of ethics of Poland’s National Research and Development Centre.Then are discussed recommended patterns of conduct which have been recorded in the European Charter for Researchers and the Code of Conduct for the Recruitment of Researchers, paying particu-lar attention to issues relating to openness and fairness of proceedings and equal treatment.The next part of the work discusses legal regulations applicable to the employment of academics at Polish universities. It looks closely into the differences that apply to employees at public and private universities, which can be considered from the point of view of legal provisions relating to the prin-ciple of equal treatment enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.The subsequent part of study is devoted to the conclusions of an empirical study covering the compe-tition proceedings relating to the employment of academic staff at public universities. The methodo-logy of the examination procedure is thoroughly explained and interim research questions concerning the specific issues and problems closely related to the analyzed subject are presented

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ROLE OF CLUSTERS IN REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POLICIES

EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA ◽

10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.08.01.023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (8) ◽

pp. 175-178

Author(s):

E. O. POCHKIN ◽

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Regional Economic Development ◽

Point Of View ◽

Regional Economic ◽

Development Organizations ◽

Development Policies

The article shows that regional economic development organizations often declare the presence of several clusters in the region; it is advisable to approach cluster practice from the point of view of an organization working with several clusters, rather than using a single (successful) cluster initiative.

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DAKWAH UNTUK PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN DI PERDESAAN

Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah ◽

10.21580/jid.v38.2.3871 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 204

Author(s):

Mar’atus Sholehah

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Wage Rate ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Skill Development ◽

Innovative Technology ◽

Male And Female ◽

Agricultural Worker ◽

Development Policies ◽

Job Opportunity

This article is aimed at the description of many thoughts and ideas of da’wa about the role and the opportunity of woman who work in agriculture and repositioning the strategy of gender within the rural agricultural development policies. The double role of women is clearly indicating the importance of the double sources of income for a household. Women potentials, either as a housewife or as an individual of agricultural worker is the important factor to determine the success of gender strategy. The empowerment is suggested through applied and innovative technology, protection of working woman, improvement of training and extension activities, enhancement of regulations, facility support, increasing wage rate, and household industry skill development. Job opportunity is suggested to balance between male and female and encourage woman to participate in various development activities. With this, the gender strategy would improve household welfare in rural areas.****Artikel ini ditujukan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang pemikiran dan gagasan dakwah berdasarkan teori tentang peran dan peluang perempuan yang bekerja di bidang pertanian dan reposisi strategi gender dalam kebijakan pembangunan pertanian pedesaan. Peran ganda perempuan jelas menunjukkan pentingnya sumber penghasilan ganda untuk sebuah rumah tangga. Potensi perempuan, baik sebagai ibu rumah tangga atau sebagai individu pekerja pertanian merupakan faktor penting untuk menentukan keberhasilan strategi gender. Pemberdayaan disarankan melalui teknologi terapan dan inovatif, perlindungan perempuan pekerja, peningkatan pelatihan dan kegiatan penyuluhan, peningkatan regulasi, dukungan fasilitas, peningkatan tingkat upah, dan pengembangan keterampilan industri rumah tangga. Kesempatan kerja disarankan untuk menyeimbangkan antara pria dan perempuan dan mendorong perempuan untuk berpartisipasi dalam berbagai kegiatan pengembangan. Dengan ini, strategi dakwah terhadap perempuan akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan rumah tangga di daerah pedesaan.

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THE ROLE OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATORS IN RURAL INSTITUTIONS

Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development ◽

10.15544/mts.2018.14 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 143-154

Author(s):

Vilma Atkočiūnienė ◽

Gintarė Vaznonienė ◽

Alvydas Aleksandravičius

Keyword(s):

Rural Development ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Positive Research ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Development Policies ◽

Rural Institutions ◽

Paradigm Analysis ◽

Economic Globalisation

In rural areas where life is slower but social problems tend to be deeper there is a need for urgent, pro-active and professional area-orientated development decisions. Due to challenges posed to agriculture by economic globalisation and sustainable development, both theoretical and applied scientific research is necessary for improving agricultural and rural development policies as well as their management. It should be highlighted that the demand for professional and innovative activities is significantly higher in rural development compared to the other sectors. The aim of this research is to explore the role and the functions of rural development administrators in rural institutions. The methodology of this research is based on the positive research paradigm, analysis of content and descriptive analysis, empirical study methods, logical and systematical reasoning, abstract and other methods. In order to assess the role of rural development administrators, three groups of experts (professionals, NGO and leaders of government organisations) were selected. Their opinions enabled the comparison of assumptions regarding the behaviour of rural development administrators as well as their participation in the process of rural development. The findings are expected to be useful for local, regional and national rural development policy makers and other actors inter-ested in management of rural development innovations in public sector.

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