scholarly journals Changes in Physically-Chemical Parameters of Latvian Cranberries During Storage

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Karina Ruse ◽  
Tatjana Rakcejeva ◽  
Lija Dukalska ◽  
Fredijs Dimins

Abstract The main purpose of the present research was to investigate the changes in physical-chemical parameters of fresh Latvian cranberries during storage. Cranberry (′Steven′, ′Bergman′, ′Pilgrim′, ′Early Black′, and ′Ben Lear′) fruit were collected at a processing plant in Kurzeme region, Latvia, in the first part of October 2010. For the experiments, also wild cranberries were collected in the bogs of the same region and at the same time. The berries were rinsed with tap water for 3±1 min, then strained for 10±1 min (mainly for visual cleanness), and afterwards stored in closed non-perforated polypropylene (PP) boxes in air ambiance and in glass jars in a cold boiled-water ambiance at 3±1 °C. Quality parameters of the berries were tested each three months using standard methods: vitamin C content - by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); organic acids - by HPLC; moisture - by oven-dry method; colour parameters - by device COLOR TEC PMC; pH - by potentiometric method; anthocyanin - by spectrophotometrical method; and phenolic compounds - by HPLC. The shelf life of cranberries packaged in closed PP boxes in air ambiance was six months, but of cranberries packaged in glass jars in water ambiance - 12 months. The research showed that differences in moisture content, pH value, colour intensity, and anthocyanin content among the cranberry cultivars under different ambient conditions during storage were not significant. During 12 months of cranberry storage in glass jars in water ambiance, the content of vitamin C decreased on average by 90%, organic acids - by 54%, and phenolic compounds - by 60%. During six-month storage in closed PP boxes in air ambiance, the content of vitamin C decreased on average by 99%, organic acids - by 30%, and phenolic compounds - by 34%.

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bozhuyuk ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Rayda Ayed ◽  
Tunde Jurikova ◽  
Hafize Fidan ◽  
...  

Turkey has great ecological, topological and geographical diversity within the country and this diversity has contributed not only to a high genetic diversity, but has also allowed the successful introduction and cultivation of a great number of fruit tree taxa. Turkey is also known to have a great richness of wild edible fruits with regard to variety and biological diversity. Rowanberry or mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) is one of the wild edible fruits naturally found most parts of Turkey. Present study describes morphological (tree growth habit, fruit color) and biochemical fruit traits (vitamin C, organic acids, specific sugars, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, total antioxidant capacity) of 17 seed propagated rowanberry genotypes. We found significant differences among almost all studied parameters. The genotypes had diverse L, chroma and hue values, which found between 28.76-42.38%; 24.11-29.45% and 33.13-42.66%, respectively. Among sugars and organic acids, Glucose and Malic acid were dominant in rowanberry fruits, respectively. Total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, vitamin C and antioxidant activity varied from 123-189 mg GAE per 100 g, 18-57 mg per 100 g, 25.6-40.2 mg per 100 g and 3.36-6.92 mM trolox equivalent per 100 g of fresh weight (FW) basis. Results suggest using rowanberry fruits in production of functional foods with high biologically active properties.


Author(s):  
Ingmārs Cinkmanis ◽  
Guntis Gailums ◽  
Sanita Vucāne

Abstract The aim of the study was to compare dark beer before and after a freeze drying rehydration cycle. The pH, colour, and concentrations of extract, organic acids, and phenolic compounds were determined. Dark beer before and after freeze drying was analysed using standard brewing analysis methods of the Mitteleuropäische Brautechnische Analysenkommision (MEBAK) and two types of chromatography: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Increase of pH was not observed in dark beer after freeze drying. Dissolved powdered beer in deionised water was clear, dark brown, without sediments, and reproduced the original commercially available dark beer, with original extract substance content 8.88%. Concentrations of the following organic acids were determined: oxalic, tartaric, quinic, malic, ascorbic, lactic, acetic, citric, fumaric, and succinic. Volatile compounds by GC/MS analysis were isolated from dark beer before and after freeze drying.


2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kenan Gecer ◽  
Meleksen Akin ◽  
Muttalip Gundogdu ◽  
Sadiye Peral Eyduran ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
...  

Mulberries, Morus spp., grow in different growing regions of Turkey with a high diversity providing an opportunity to select superior accessions. The goal of the study was to determine the differences in phytochemical components and horticultural characteristics between white and black mulberry accessions in the Igdir province. Fruits of black and white mulberries collected from Igdir province were assayed for various horticultural characteristics including berry width, berry length, berry weight, and berry peduncle length. Samples were also assayed for vitamin C, organic acids (citric, tartaric, malic, succinic, and fumaric), sugars (glucose and fructose), phenolic acids (catechin, rutin, quercetin, chlorogenic, ferulic, o-coumaric, p-coumaric, caffeic, syringic, vanillic, and gallic acids), and antioxidant capacity [Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay]. Differences (P < 0.05) were noted between accessions in berry length and berry weight. Malic acid was found to be the predominant organic acid regardless of species. Rutin (for black mulberry) and chlorogenic acid (for white mulberry) were the predominant phenolic acids. Black mulberry had higher glucose and fructose content than white mulberry. Analysis showed that black mulberry had higher content of tartaric acid, malic acid, TEAC, fructose, glucose, catechin, rutin, quercetin, o-coumaric acid, and caffeic acid compared with white mulberry (P < 0.01); however, white mulberry had higher content of succinic acid, vitamin C, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, syringic acid, and gallic acid (P < 0.01). Our results provide a reference for further studies of mulberry fruits in detection of organic acids, sugars, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compounds. Also, it is clear that we need standardized testing, extraction, and analysis protocols to compare genotypes grown in different countries.


2019 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Gerzhikova ◽  
Nadezhda Anikina ◽  
Dmitry Pogorelov ◽  
Marianna Ermikhina ◽  
Lilia Mikheyeva ◽  
...  

Результаты исследований последних лет показывают, что внесение воды в сусло или вино нарушает баланс ионов, изменяет значения физико-химических, органолептических и интегральных показателей. Одним из наиболее важных показателей, позволяющих установить добавку воды, является буферная емкость вина (БЕ). Буферная емкость вина представляет собой его способность противостоять изменениям рН после добавления сильной кислоты или основания. Сила кислоты характеризуется константой диссоциации. Её отрицательный логарифм pKa означает значение рН, при котором соотношение недиссоциированной и диссоциированной по I ступени форм кислоты составляет 1:1. Нами модифицирован метод определения буферной емкости, основанный на результатах ацидиметрического (БЕк) и алкалиметрического (БЕщ) титрования вина, с помощью которого можно оценить степень диссоциации органических кислот, соотношение их молекулярных и ионизированных форм, состояние ионов металлов, способность регулировать скорость химических реакций окисления и восстановления. В работе были использованы подлинные сухие белые и красные виноматериалы, полученные в условиях микровиноделия и производства в сезоны виноделия 2017-2018 гг. из винограда сортов Алиготе, Шардоне, Совиньон зеленый, Кокур белый, Каберне-Совиньон, Мерло, Санджовезе. Для изучения влияния разбавления виноматериалов водопроводной водой проводили ее добавку в количестве 10-70 %. Объем выборки составил 131 образец. Разбавление вина водой - это смешивание двух систем, одна из которых (вино) представляет собой раствор, содержащий органические кислоты и их кислые соли, обладающий рН и буферностью. Вода содержит соли жесткости, обусловливающие ее рН, но не обладает буферностью, соизмеримой по величине с той, которая встречается в винопродукции. Изучены некоторые характеристики смеси вина и воды: значение соотношений кислотной и щелочной составляющих буферной емкости, при которых буферные свойства системы меняют свой характер, что соответствует 70 % разбавлению; описаны математические модели процесса внесения воды в вино, позволяющие определить значения в любой точке разбавления, в том числе в контроле. Систематизация всей выборки позволила разделить образцы на два кластера, детерминирующие подлинные и разбавленные вина по показателю буферных свойств (ПБС), установлены значения показателя буферных свойств системы для подлинных (50-80) и разбавленных (80-100) вин.Studies of recent years demonstrate that introduction of water into must or wine upsets the balance of ions, changes the values of physico-chemical, organoleptic and integral indicators. One of the most important indicators to establish the addition of water is the buffering capacity of wine (BC). Buffering capacity of wine is its ability to resist changes in pH after addition of a strong acid or base. Acid strength is characterized by dissociation constant. Its negative pKa logarithm means pH value at which the non-dissociated and dissociated by stage I acid forms ratio is 1: 1. We have modified the method for buffer capacity determination based on acidimetric and alkalimetric wine titration results, which can be used to assess organic acids dissociation degree, the ratio between their molecular and ionized forms, the state of metal ions, the ability to control the chemical oxidation reactions and recovery rate. In our work we used genuine dry white and red base wines obtained in conditions of micro-winemaking and production during the wine-making seasons of 2017-2018 from grapevine cultivars ‘Aligote’, ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Sauvignon verde’, ‘Kokur Belyi’, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, ‘Merlot’, ‘Sangiovese’. To study the effect of base wines dilution with tap water, it was added in the amount of 10-70%. The sample size made 131 samples. Dilution of wine with water is the mixing of two systems, one of which (wine) is a solution containing organic acids and their acid salts, possessing a pH and buffering capacity. Water contains hardness salts that determine its pH, but does not possess buffering capacity comparable in quantity to that found in wine products. Certain characteristics of wine-water mixture were studied: the ratio between the acidic and alkaline components of the buffering capacity at which the buffering properties of the system change their nature, which corresponds to 70% dilution; mathematical models of the process of water introduction into wine were described, allowing to determine the values at any point of dilution, including the control. The entire sample systematization allowed dividing samples into two clusters, determining genuine and diluted wines by buffering property index (PBI); the system buffering property values for genuine (50-80) and diluted (80-100) wines were established.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Luís Paulo Firmino Romão da Silva ◽  
Mailson Gonçalves Gregório ◽  
Alexandre José M. Queiroz ◽  
Rossana Maria F. Figueirêdo ◽  
Alícia Nayana dos S. L. de Brito ◽  
...  

This study developed and evaluated the efficiency of methods to produce hydroalcoholic extract of Bishop&rsquo;s Crown pepper. Analyses were conducted to investigate the effects of independent variables (ethanol concentration of the extracting solution and resting time) over the dependent variables (percent yield, acidity, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, anthocyanin content and vitamin C). The interactions between the variables were studied through seven factorial experiments. Percent yield (Y%), carotenoids, phenolic compounds and vitamin C were the most satisfactory responses found in this research. The ethanol concentration of the extracting solution (ES) presented significant effect in the Y%, showing better results for extracts produced with a 55%-ethanol ES, while carotenoids, phenolic compounds and vitamin C displayed significant differences according to the ethanol concentration, being these substances found in higher concentrations in extracts produced with the use of an 85%-ethanol ES. Therefore, the higher the ES ethanol concentration, higher is the retention of the bioactive compounds.


Author(s):  
I. A. Qizi Kyazimova

Favorable climatic and soil condition of Azerbaijan contribute to growth oа environmentally safe fruits, vegetables and berries. Among them the quince, persimmon, rose hip and pumpkin can be mentioned. They contain simple sugars, vitamins, organic acids, phenolic compounds, minerals and other components that are useful for the human body. While cultivating these plants do not use chemicals. Therefore, they are considered environmentally safe. Research subject are pumpkin of “Palov-kodu-268”and “Perekhvatka 69” varieties, quince – “Sarah” and persimmon «Hyakume», rose hip. Changes in qualitative indicators of juices with pulp and no pulp prepared by pressing and extrusion were studied (heat treatment) were studied. It is known that pumpkin is rich in β-carotene, persimmon – iodine and monosaccharides, rose hip – vitamin C, quince – organic acids. Juices with pulp and no pulp are obtained with using of thermal treatment in terms of quality and nutritional value, juice yield exceed juices obtained without thermal treatment. The advantage of thermal treatment also lies in the fact that some pathogens are destroyed in the process, and particles that create biopolymers are coagulate. As a result, with an increase in juice yield the final product is enriched with simple carbohydrates, amino acids, and other important components. In the functional drinks production the rose hip juices were used. The goal of blending pumpkin and rose hip juices is to enrich the final product with β-carotene, phenolic compounds, as well as vitamin C.


Author(s):  
И. И. Малахова ◽  
В. Д. Красиков ◽  
Н. И. Горшков ◽  
А. Н. Беляев ◽  
С. М. Староверов

The method for analysis of transition metal ions (Zn(II), Cu(II), Со(II), Ni(II), Fe(III)) by high-performance planar (thin layer) chromatography with the use of sorbents modified by chelating fragments of iminodiacetic acid was developed. The correlation between retention factor (Rf) and physico-chemical parameters of the separated systems was studied. It was demonstrated that unlike the pH value, ionic strength of a solution does not exert significant influence on resolution and mobility of transition metal cations


2021 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
М. І. Шанайда

The genus Dragonhead (Dracocephalum L.) includes 72 species of essential oil-bearing plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Many of them have long been used in a folk medicine of different countries. Moldavian dragonhead (D. moldavica L.) has been identified as the most promising species for the complex phytochemical research since it was successfully introduced in the climatic conditions of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone and due to the presence of its various botanical forms and varieties. The aim of this study was the phytochemical analysis of the main groups of secondary metabolites in the herb of violet-flowered form of Moldavian dragonhead  (D. moldavica L.) under its cultivation in Ternopil region (Ukraine). The herb of the plant was harvested in July of 2018‒2019 years during the flowering period. The essential oil was obtained from the plant raw material by the hydrodistillation. Such physical and chemical parameters of the essential oil as a relative density, refractive index, optical rotation, acid number and solubility in ethanol were studied. The method of thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used to determine the specific sequence of bands in the chromatograms of essential oil. The method of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was used for the identification of phenolic compounds in the herb. The component composition of polyphenols was determined by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The specific physical and chemical parameters as well as the «chromatographic profile» of essential oil have been established. The main compounds of the polyphenolic nature were revealed by the chromatographic methods. In particular, rosmarinic and caffeic hydroxycinnamic acids were identified in the methanol extract of herb by the HPTLC method. The HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds in the 70% ethanol extract of raw material established that rosmarinic acid was its main polyphenol. It was found the decreasing of polyphenol contents in the D. moldavica herb in such direction: rosmarinic acid (3.01%) > apigenin-7-О-glucoside (0.67%) > apigenin (0.29%) > caffeic acid (0.28%) > luteolin-7-О-glucoside (0.13%)> hyperoside (0.12%) > ferulic acid (0.09%) > chlorogenic acid (0.08%). The obtained data could be used for planning pharmacological studies of the phytosubstances developed from the Moldavian dragonhead herb.


2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlasta Cunja ◽  
Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek ◽  
Franci Stampar ◽  
Valentina Schmitzer

Using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, leaf and petal phenolic profiles of four rose (Rosa) species (R. canina, R. glauca, R. rubiginosa, R. sempervirens) traditionally used for medicinal purposes and three modern rose cultivars (Rosarium Uetersen, Ulrich Brunner Fils, Schwanensee) were determined. An abundance of phenolic constituents was identified: seven different anthocyanins and 31 flavonols in petals; 30 flavonols, 14 phenolic acids, and their derivatives; 15 flavanols; and 20 hydrolysable tannins in leaves. Additionally, petal color was measured with a colorimeter and regression analysis indicated a strong correlation between color parameter a* and total anthocyanin content. The content and composition of phenolic compounds varied significantly among species and cultivars and plant organs investigated. Distinct differences in the distribution of leaf phenolic compounds were observed, especially between Rosa species and modern rose cultivars. In general, leaves of analyzed species were richer in content of most phenolic groups and individual components compared with cultivars. Multivariate statistical analysis clustered the investigated species and cultivars into three distinct groups. Among species, leaves of R. canina stood out with their high and varied phenolic content. Conversely, leaves of the susceptible cultivar Schwanensee appeared most dissimilar as a result of their low levels of phenolic constituents.


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