scholarly journals Simultaneous Influence of the Track Axis Curvature and the Support Line Obliquity at Railway Bridge Superstructures with Steel Beams Embedded in Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Stănescu Răzvan Marian ◽  
Stan Oana Mihaela
Keyword(s):  
Program Analysis ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Support Line ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Railway Bridges ◽  
Bridge Superstructures ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Simultaneous Influence

Abstract For new railway bridges with small spans (L ≤ 35.00 m) superstructures with steel beams embedded in concrete are recommended and used, which can ensure the requirements of strength and especially stiffness, regardless of velocity. In all the design prescriptions used so far for superstructures with steel beams embedded in concrete, and even in the technical literature, there is little information and data on the influence of the support line obliquity and the track axis curvature in the design and calculation of these types of structures. In the design code, if certain conditions related to the geometry of the superstructure are met (obliquity, curvature) the calculation is a simplified one, made on a single isolated longitudinal beam of the deck; otherwise, if the conditions are not met, finite element program analysis is recommended. The article aims to study the situations in which the requirements of the design prescriptions are not met.

Investigation of Impact of New Design Code on Riser System Design

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Yu ◽  
Paul Stanton ◽  
Yongming Cheng
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Stress Evaluation ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Steel Catenary Risers ◽  
Ease Of Access ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gas Lift

Top tensioned risers are fluid conduits from subsea equipment to surface floating production platforms. The advantages of using top tensioned risers are the ability to drill and complete through the production riser, ease of access of the production trees for gas lift operation, and the simplicity of workover and redrill. The integrity of a riser system plays an important role in deepwater developments. Top tensioned risers (TTRs) and steel catenary risers (SCRs) have been widely used with floating production systems such as Spars and TLPs. API RP 2RD [1] has been used to guide riser system design for the last decade. API RP 2RD is being revised as a code (ISO 13628-12) that will also be adopted as a new API code. This paper investigates the impacts of the new design code on the riser system design. This paper first discusses the differences between ISO/WD 13628-12 and the existing API RP 2RD code, particularly the section on design criteria for pipes. The Holstein top tensioned riser system is chosen as an example to evaluate the riser system design impacts. The risers have been installed and successfully producing oil since 2005. The results of the nonlinear finite element program ABAQUS used to analyze the Holstein top tensioned risers were evaluated according to the API RP 2RD. The same analytical results are used for evaluating the impact of the proposed ISO 13628-12 in the area of stress evaluation.

The Performance of Steel Beams in the High Temperature

2012 ◽  
Vol 246-247 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Xiu Ying Yang ◽  
Qiang Qin ◽  
Yang Yang Cui
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Stress And Deformation

To study the performance of steel at elevated temperatures, the stress and deformation of steel beam were analyzed under high temperature in this paper. During the analysis, the properties of steel material must be defined firstly, which are the decisive factor affecting the carrying capacity of steel beam. The mechanical and physical properties of steel at high temperatures were accessed accordance to the provisions of the European specification in analysis. The finite element program ANSYS was used to analyze the constraints steel beam, which subjected to the uniformly line loads, then the steel beam was heated up continuously, and the mechanical properties and deformation of the steel beam was analyzed at different temperatures. The regularity of mid-span deflection changing with temperature was concluded, so as the variation of axial stress at both ends of the steel beam.

Elasto-Plastic Earthquake Response Analysis of High-Speed Railway Bridge Fabricated Isolation Bearings

2011 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 1175-1178
Author(s):  
Ling Kun Chen ◽  
Li Zhong Jiang ◽  
Peng Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Plastic Hinge ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Railway Bridge ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Railway Bridges ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Rubber Bearings

Basin rubber bearings are frequently used in high-speed railway bridge or passenger special line railway bridge, lead rubber bearings (LRB) are infrequently used in those railway bridges nowdays, the study on earthquake-resistant capability of railway bridge fabricated isolation bearing - the intelligent and functional structure - would be beneficial in engineering practices. Elasto-plastic earthquake responses of high-speed railway bridges fabricated LRB are studied by means of the finite element program, earthquake responses of railway bridges under high-speed vehicles and different earthquake action fabricated and unfabricated isolation bearing are calculated respectively. The results show that: plastic hinge will develop at the bottom of piers in regard to railway bridges with mid-high and low pier; LRB can reduce displacement and inner forces of structures and improve earthquake-resistant capability of structures effectively.

Study on the Effects of Train Live Loads on Isolated and Non-Isolated Simply Supported Railway Bridges

2011 ◽  
Vol 50-51 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Chang Yong Zhang ◽  
Tie Yi Zhong ◽  
Ke Jian Chen ◽  
Yun Kang Gong
Keyword(s):  
Time History ◽  
Railway Bridge ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Railway Bridges ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Rubber Bearing ◽  
Lead Rubber Bearing ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Live Loads ◽  
High Level

In this paper, based on the finite element program ANSYS, the model of a simply supported railway bridge with and without isolation using lead rubber bearing is established. Seismic response time-history analyses of the bridge subjected to high-level earthquakes are carried out considering and not considering train live loads. Through the comparison and analyses of the results, the effects of train live loads on seismic calculation of non-isolated railway bridges and isolated railway bridges are obtained. The results of the research will support the further study on seismic design and isolation design of simply supported railway bridges.

Behaviour and resistance of cold-formed steel beams with lipped channel sections under fire conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Arrais ◽  
Nuno Lopes ◽  
Paulo Vila Real
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Steel Grades ◽  
Cold Formed Steel

Purpose Steel beams composed of cold-formed sections are common in buildings because of their lightness and ability to support large spans. However, the instability phenomena associated to these members are not completely understood in fire situation. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyse the behaviour of beams composed of cold-formed lipped channel sections at elevated temperatures. Design/methodology/approach A numerical analysis is made, applying the finite element program SAFIR, on the behaviour of simply supported cold formed steel beams at elevated temperatures. A parametric study, considering several cross-sections with different slenderness’s values, steel grades and bending diagrams, is presented. The obtained numerical results are compared with the design bending resistances determined from Eurocode 3 Part 1-2 and its French National Annex (FN Annex). Findings The current design expressions revealed to be too conservative when compared with the obtained numerical results. It was possible to observe that the FN Annex is less conservative than the Annex E, the first having a better agreement with the numerical results. Originality/value Following the previous comparisons, new fire design formulae are tested. This new methodology, which introduces minimum changes in the existing formulae, provides safety and accuracy at the same time when compared to the numerical results, considering the occurrence of local, distortional and lateral torsional buckling phenomena in these members at elevated temperatures.

scholarly journals Steel and Concrete Elasto-Plastic Models at Bridges with Steel Beams Embedded in Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
Stănescu Răzvan Marian
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Railway Bridges ◽  
High Durability ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Effective Moment Of Inertia

Abstract For new railway bridges with short spans (L ≤ 35.00 m) superstructures with steel beams embedded in concrete are recommended or used, which can ensure the requirements of strength and stiffness in particular, regardless of velocity. They are built relatively easily compared to reinforced concrete structures or steel structures, they have high durability if designed, built and maintained correctly and don’t have high sensitivity to fatigue degradation in service. They are also used for road bridges when it is desired to achieve a reduced construction height. In all the design prescriptions used so far for structures with steel beams embedded in concrete, the calculation is a simplified one, made on a single insulated longitudinal beam of the deck, if certain conditions related to the geometry of the structure are met (obliquity, curvature). Simplifications are also made regarding the state of deformation of the decks made in this constructive solution by introducing an effective moment of inertia in the displacement calculation, as an average of the inertia moments of the cross section considered to be cracked and respectively un-cracked. The article aims to validate steel and concrete elasto-plastic models, based on an experiment from the technical literature, necessary for complex analyses of the percentage of concrete involved in the stiffness of the cross-sections, in case of bridges with steel beams embedded in concrete.

Mechanical Property Study of Corroded Steel Beams Strengthened with Prestressed CFRP Sheets

2012 ◽  
Vol 594-597 ◽  
pp. 955-958
Author(s):  
Jun Hua Huo ◽  
Bo Pang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Prestressed Cfrp Sheets

Steel structure, which has higher bearing capacity, smaller sectional dimension, convenient construction and economical investment, can be abroad used in engineering. However, due to a lot of reasons, the gradual expansion and convergence of the micro-defects lead to the macro deterioration of the mechanical properties of materials. By experimental research, theoretical analysis and computer simulation, the mechanical properties of the corroded steel beams strengthened with (prestressed) CFRP sheets were studied. According to the mechanical characteristics of corrosive steel beams and corrosive composite steel-concrete beams strengthened with prestressed CFRP sheets. By using ABAQUS finite element program, the calculation model of prestressed CFRP sheets strengthened corrosion steel beams and corrosion steel-concrete composite beams is established, and the working mechanism is studied. The calculation results show that: the bearing capacity of strengthened beams increase with the increasing of the initial prestress and CFRP sheets thickness, and decrease with the increase of steel corrosion degrees.

scholarly journals BEHAVIOUR OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY STRUCTURES UNDER FIRE

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Faggiano ◽  
Gianfranco De Matteis ◽  
Raffaele Landolfo ◽  
Federico M. Mazzolani
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Portal Frame Structure ◽  
Hardening Factor

In the paper the attention is focused on the influence of high temperatures on the mechanical properties of the aluminium alloys selected by Eurocode 9 for structural uses. Therefore, based on the analysis of existing data taken from technical literature, the variation of the Young's modulus, the conventional yielding strength, the ultimate strength, the hardening factor and the material ultimate strain are represented as a function of the temperature. A mechanical model, based on the well‐known Ramberg‐Osgood formulation, which appropriately takes into account the peculiarities of such materials at high temperatures, is provided. In particular, the combined influence of the hardening factor and temperature on the material stress‐strain relationship is considered and analysed. Then, the proposed model has been introduced in a finite element program, devoted to the global analysis of structures under fire. Finally, the results obtained for a simple portal frame structure, designed with different aluminium alloys, are presented, showing the valuable effect of the material modelling on the structural behaviour of aluminium structures under fire.

Station Square revisited: distortional buckling collapse

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham S. Essa ◽  
D. J. Laurie Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Distortional Buckling ◽  
Lateral Torsional Buckling ◽  
Torsional Buckling ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Buckling Resistance ◽  
Element Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Moment

After failure of the roof of the new Save-on-Foods store at the Station Square development in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, the government of British Columbia established a commissioner inquiry to investigate the causes of collapse. Collapse was attributed to an undersized W610 × 113 beam in the cantilever-suspended span arrangement and inadequate buckling resistance of the beam-column assembly. The analysis of the lateral-torsional buckling resistance of the collapsed beam in the commissioner's report did not take into account two counteracting effects: the detrimental effect of the load applied above the shear centre and the beneficial effect of the lateral and torsional restraints provided by the open-web steel joists to the collapsed beam. A distortional buckling finite element program is used herein to determine the moment resistance at buckling of the collapsed beam. This program takes into account web distortion, height of load application, inelastic behaviour, and actual restraint conditions. The moment resistance so obtained is in good agreement with the moment applied to the beam at failure. Further analyses show that even with improved restraint details at the critical beam-column location, the beam was inadequate to support the factored loads. A W610 × 195 or even a W610 × 174 beam could be considered adequate. Key words: steel beams, Station Square, lateral-torsional buckling, cantilever-suspended span, web distortion, restraints.

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