scholarly journals Active Sport Tourism in the Hungarian Population: Current Trends and Perspectives

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Dóczi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hungarian Population ◽  
Active Sport ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

Active Sport Tourism in the Hungarian Population: Current Trends and PerspectivesIn the past few decades, sport and tourism, two significant industries, have gone through a phase of rapid development. The relationship between the two fields is becoming more and more recognized by economic actors, policymakers and social scientists as well; nevertheless, there is a question of how widespread active sport tourism is in the different social groups of Hungarian society, and what the perspectives of sport tourism are as a leisure time activity in the future. The objective of the current paper is to answer these questions, based on survey research conducted in a representative sample (n=1027) of the Hungarian adult population. In the first phase of data analysis, the author focused on the following two questions: (1) What percentage of the population is engaged in doing regular physical exercise, and travelling during their holidays? (2) Is there a relationship between doing exercise and travelling? Based on the two dimensions (physical exercise and travelling) four groups could be separated, the in-depth analysis of the groups was carried out in the second phase of the data analysis. During this phase, the following questions were in focus: (1) How can the four groups be characterized concerning their socio-economic status? (2) What leisure activities are characteristic of them? (3) What can be said about the social networks of the members of these groups? (4) How can we characterize their attitudes to healthy lifestyle, and within this, sport? According to the results, the social basis of active sport tourism is not very wide. The majority of the Hungarian population is hindered by worsening living standards and worsening health levels, and by the lack of adequate knowledge about active sport tourism and the positive impact of it on the quality of life. A further problem is that although many people are familiar with the influence of lifestyle on health, and recognize the benefits of exercise in theory, in reality few people are involved in sporting activities, and for many, doing exercise is not a source of pleasure. That is why it is important that the messages referring to the positive impact of regular physical exercise reach the different social groups. In these messages, besides the often stressed health-preserving role, social and recreational aspects of sport as a leisure time activity should also be emphasized.

scholarly journals The Influence of Regular Physical Exercise on the Advanced Glycated End Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 047-053
Author(s):  
Anees Alyafei
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
End Products ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Ages Level ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

Advanced Glycated End-products (AGEs) are heterogeneous glycated metabolites of protein, lipid, or nucleic acid. They are products of a chain of chemical reactions endogenously or diet and tobacco smoking exogenously. They exert signi􀏐icant pathological effects on many body tissues, leading to chronic disease complications such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, etc. This narrative review shows that there are no agreed management options to reduce AGEs level. However, regular Physical Exercise (PE) has a positive impact on the serum AGEs level through multiple additive metabolic effects associated with weight management, reduction in insulin sensitivity, decrease in receptors of AGEs, oxidative stress, and an overall improvement in the AGEs hemostasis. Evidence supports the synergistic effect of changing lifestyle, including regular PE on the progression of AGEs. Nevertheless, the literature needs further clinical evidence to address the required PE prescription that would be suf􀏐icient to reduce AGEs level.

scholarly journals Impact of ApoE Polymorphism and Physical Activity on Plasma Antioxidant Capability and Erythrocyte Membranes

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Piccarducci ◽  
Simona Daniele ◽  
Jonathan Fusi ◽  
Lucia Chico ◽  
Filippo Baldacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Apoe Polymorphism ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

The allele epsilon 4 (ε4) of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ApoE protein plays a pivotal role in the synthesis and metabolism of amyloid beta (Aβ), the major component of the extracellular plaques that constitute AD pathological hallmarks. Regular exercise is an important preventive/therapeutic tool in aging and AD. Nevertheless, the impact of physical exercise on the well-being of erythrocytes, a good model of oxidative stress and neurodegenerative processes, remains to be investigated, particularly depending on ApoE polymorphism. Herein, we evaluate the oxidative status, Aβ levels, and the membrane’s composition of erythrocytes in a cohort of human subjects. In our hands, the plasma antioxidant capability (AOC), erythrocytes membrane fluidity, and the amount of phosphatidylcholine (PC) were demonstrated to be significantly decreased in the ApoE ε4 genotype and non-active subjects. In contrast, erythrocyte Aβ content and lipid peroxidation increased in ε4 carriers. Regular physical exercise was associated with an increased plasma AOC and membrane fluidity, as well as to a reduced amount of erythrocytes Aβ. Altogether, these data highlight the influence of the ApoE genotype on erythrocytes’ well-being and confirm the positive impact of regular physical exercise.

scholarly journals Neural Responses to Heartbeats of Physically Trained and Sedentary Young Adults

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandelis Perakakis ◽  
Antonio Luque Casado ◽  
Luis Ciria ◽  
Plamen Ivanov ◽  
Daniel Sanabria
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Neural Monitoring ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

AbstractRegular physical exercise has a positive impact on brain function and cognitive performance. However, it is not yet clear whether the physiological and behavioral benefits associated to physical exercise are caused exclusively by changes in cardiovascular fitness. Here, we explore the relation between regular physical exercise and transient electroencephalographic responses to afferent cardiac signals. We find differences in the neural processing of heartbeats between individuals who exercise regularly and their sedentary counterparts. These differences, localised at two distinct spatio-temporal clusters, occur before the presentation of a target stimulus and correlate with behavioral performance only in the high-fit group. We hypothesise that the different neural processing of afferent cardiac activity by physically trained individuals reflects enhanced interoceptive sensitivity, which contributes to improved sustained attention. Our results are in line with recent research highlighting the role of neural monitoring of visceral signals in perceptual processing and even the generation of the sense of self.

The Role of Physical Exercise in Obesity and Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Treatment Guideline ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

The prevalence of obesity is increasing world-wide. Obesity is associated with a plethora of metabolic and clinical constraints, which result in a higher risk for the development of cardiovascular complications and metabolic disease, particularly insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is an acknowledged determinant of glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes and accounts for the majority of premature death due to cardiovascular events. Physical exercise is generally recommended in patients with diabetes in order to prevent the development of or reduce existing obesity, as adopted by every international treatment guideline so far. Regular physical exercise has a beneficial impact on body composition, cardiovascular integrity, insulin sensitivity and quality of life. However, only a minority of patients participates in regular physical exercise, due to individual or ­disease-related barriers. In type 2 diabetes, there is robust evidence for beneficial effects of physical exercise on glycemic control, cardiovascular health and the development of diabetes-related long-term complications. In type 1 diabetes and patients treated with insulin, a higher risk for exercise-­related hypoglycemia has to be considered, which requires certain prerequisites and adequate adaptions of insulin ­dosing. Current treatment guidelines do only incompletely address the development of exercise-related hypoglycemia. However, every patient with diabetes should participate in regular physical exercise in order to support and enable ­sufficient treatment and optimal glycemic control.

scholarly journals Genetic factors explain a significant part of associations between adolescent well-being and the social environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot P. van de Weijer ◽  
Dirk H. M. Pelt ◽  
Catharina E. M. van Beijsterveldt ◽  
Gonneke Willemsen ◽  
Meike Bartels
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equations ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
Difference Scores ◽  
The Social ◽  
Time Variables ◽  
Genetic Contributions

AbstractSocio-environmental factors play an important role in adolescent well-being, but potential genetic contributions to these associations are rarely assessed. To address this gap in the literature, associations between well-being and family conflict and functioning, number of friends, friendship importance and satisfaction, and leisure time variables were studied in N =  ~ 4700 twin pairs from the Netherlands Twin Register, us ing generalized estimating equations and twin-difference scores. When twin-difference scores indicated a role for genetic factors, we used bivariate genetic models to quantify genetic and environmental contributions to these associations. We identify significant associations between well-being and family functioning, family conflict, different leisure time activities, number of friends, and satisfaction with friendships. Additionally, we find evidence for large (73–91%) genetic influence on the associations between well-being and family conflict and functioning, leisure time sport/scouting clubs, and satisfaction with friendships. Finally, findings support the hypothesis of a causal association between well-being and family conflict and functioning. These findings have important implications for research into the social correlates of well-being in adolescence, as not taking genetic factors into account leads to overestimations of the influence of identified correlates and consequently to recommendations of these correlates as intervention targets.

scholarly journals Tourism Competitiveness and Sustainability Indicators in the Context of Surf Tourism: The Case of Cape Town

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7238
Author(s):  
Roberto Martín-González ◽  
Kamilla Swart ◽  
Ana-María Luque-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Multiple Issues ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Active Sport

Sport tourism has experienced considerable growth in the last decades, either from the sport events perspective or considering an active sport tourism approach. Therefore, some emergent market niches like surf tourism have been developed in numerous coastal destinations to attract sustainability-sensitive tourists due to the ongoing environmental challenges and the socio-economic crisis. Cape Town is positioned in a prominent place in terms of competitiveness, with a considerable variety of beaches and surf spots facing multiple issues. The aim of this study is to try to identify the most competitive beaches and subdistricts in terms of sustainability and to suggest criteria for surf-tourism-related indicators to obtain an overview about this space, using weighting indicators, and applying geography and political economy lenses. The results reveal that Strand, Table View, and Surfers’ Corner are the most competitive beaches. Additionally, beaches located in some underprivileged areas such as Mitchells Plain and Khayelitsha are potentially interesting from a socio-economic development point of view, although they show a lack of accommodation infrastructures. These results seem to indicate that those areas should be closely monitored, and destination managers should focus their attention and finance there to obtain a more sustainable surf tourism development.

scholarly journals Demand Subsidy versus Production Regulation: Development of New Energy Vehicles in a Competitive Environment

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1280
Author(s):  
Zixuan Wang ◽  
Xiuzhang Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Stackelberg Game ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Social Planner ◽  
Environmental Preferences ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Vehicle Market ◽  
New Energy Vehicles

In the competitive market environment, the growth of new energy vehicles (NEVs) faces many obstacles. Demand subsidy or production regulation-related policies are widely used to promote the development of NEVs. A comparative analysis of the effects of the two types of policies on the competitive vehicle market requires further study. To fill this gap, we investigate which type of policy is more preferable from the perspective of the social planner. In this paper, we construct a Stackelberg game with a welfare-maximizing social planner and two profit-maximizing manufacturers producing NEVs and fuel vehicles (FVs), respectively. Interestingly, although both types of policies can increase the quantity of NEVs, demand subsidy also promotes the growth of total vehicles at the same time; in contrast, production regulation reduces the total vehicles. Moreover, compared with the benchmark that no policy intervention, demand subsidy generally improves social welfare, while production regulation improves social welfare only with high consumer preference for NEVs. Nevertheless, production regulation always has a positive impact on the environment, whereas demand subsidy may have a positive impact only when the NEV is very environment friendly. The numerical results show that consumer environmental preferences and the regulation of environmental impact determine which type of policy dominates the other.

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