Orienteering from Cradle to Grave—How a Sport Could Offer Lifelong Participation

Background: The aim of this present study is to explore what makes orienteering meaningful and rewarding to former elite athletes’ years or even decades after ending their elite careers. Methods: Applying a qualitative approach with a case study design, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 11 former elite orienteers from Norway and Sweden, and the data was subsequently analyzed with thematic analysis, resulting in two main themes: individually matched challenges and a social community. Results: The character, structure, and culture of orienteering both enabled and encouraged former elite athletes to make the transition into recreational sport. Even so, the characteristics of the sport related to both its structure (range of ages, level, and ambition) and organization (well-organized) as well as the participants’ backgrounds (well-educated) and intrinsic motivation (satisfaction, enjoyment, mastery) seemed to match a lifelong sport participation. Conclusions: These factors could indicate that orienteering is a sport that can facilitate a lifelong sport participation for athletes with such a background.

The Influence of Regular Physical Exercise on the Advanced Glycated End Products

Advanced Glycated End-products (AGEs) are heterogeneous glycated metabolites of protein, lipid, or nucleic acid. They are products of a chain of chemical reactions endogenously or diet and tobacco smoking exogenously. They exert signi􀏐icant pathological effects on many body tissues, leading to chronic disease complications such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, etc. This narrative review shows that there are no agreed management options to reduce AGEs level. However, regular Physical Exercise (PE) has a positive impact on the serum AGEs level through multiple additive metabolic effects associated with weight management, reduction in insulin sensitivity, decrease in receptors of AGEs, oxidative stress, and an overall improvement in the AGEs hemostasis. Evidence supports the synergistic effect of changing lifestyle, including regular PE on the progression of AGEs. Nevertheless, the literature needs further clinical evidence to address the required PE prescription that would be suf􀏐icient to reduce AGEs level.

ANTIDIABETIC EFFECTS OF INDONESIAN BAY LEAVES (SYZYGIUM POLYANTHUM) EXTRACTS THROUGH DECREASING ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL ON ALLOXAN-INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIC WISTAR RATS

Objective: Increased production of reactive oxygen species is one of the causes of hyperglycemia. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Indonesian bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) extracts as an antidiabetic agent in decreasing blood glucose and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) level of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats.Methods: This research is a real experimental study with pre- and post-test control group design. The study begins with the induction of hyperglycemia in 40 Wistar rats using alloxan. Subsequently, hyperglycemic rats were divided into 6 groups, namely, the positive control group (P0); the treatment group by not giving the intake of Indonesian bay leaf (P1); the treatment group was given the extract of Indonesian bay leaves (S. polyanthum) 0.5 mg/kg body weight/day (P2); treatment group given Indonesian bay leaves extract 2.0 mg/kg body weight/day (P3); treatment group given Indonesian bay leaves 5.0 mg/kg body weight/day (P4), and P5 was treatment group with glibenclamide (hyperglycemia-lowering medication).Results: In the treatment of P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5 groups, it can be seen that there are decreases of blood glucose and AGEs level between pre- and post-test comparison. However, the most significant drop in mean plasma glucose level was observed at the dosage 5.0 mg kg-1 (P4).Conclusion: The administration of Indonesian bay leaf extracts at a dose of 5.0 mg/kg body weight/day have an antidiabetic effect through decreasing blood glucose and AGEs level in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats.

Hubungan antara Umur, Tingkat Pendidikan dan Perilaku Petani dalam Penggunaan Pestisida (Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Jogomerto Kec. Tanjunganom Kab. Nganjuk tahun 2017)

line"> <Farmer’s behavior, level of education, and ages which are low is the factor that causes the usage of pesticide is out of the guidelines by the farmers nowadays. Using pesticide without following the guidelines will cause negative impact for the farmers their selves especially in health aspect. The research was purposed to find out the relationship between ages, level of education, and farmer’s behavior in using pesticide by interviewing and observing the farmers while working and using the pesticide. Based on the characteristic, this is an observational research with cross sectional approaching. Interviews and observation are the method that is used to collect the data. 86 populations of farmers and 71 sampling are selected to participate in the research. Then the data will be analyzed by trial chi-square technique in a computer. The result showed 46.5% productive farmers is about 16 to 64 years-old and 32.5% farmers have good enough behavior that used pesticide out of the guidelines, significantly affects (p<0.05), and does not affect (p>0.05) that is the level of education. That is why the writer recommends next movement in order to follow the guidelines of using pesticide by giving socialization to the farmers and adding their education of how to use pesticide properly. The governments need to give counseling and socialization routinely for the farmers in order to avoid the danger of pesticide just like poisoning. Reading List : 22 pieces (1990-2016) Classification : - Keywords : farmers’ individual factor, pesticide usage

Saponins fromAralia taibaiensisAttenuate D-Galactose-Induced Aging in Rats by Activating FOXO3a and Nrf2 Pathways

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are closely related to the aging process. In our previous studies, we found that the saponins fromAralia taibaiensishave potent antioxidant activity, suggesting the potential protective activity on the aging. However, the protective effect of the saponins and the possible underlying molecular mechanism remain unknown. In the present study, we employed a D-galactose-induced aging rat model to investigate the protective effect of the saponins. We found that D-galactose treatment induced obvious aging-related changes such as the decreased thymus and spleen coefficients, the increased advanced glycation end products (AGEs) level, senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase (SAβ-gal) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Further results showed that Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and their targeted antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione (GSH), glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were all inhibited in the aging rats induced by D-galactose treatment. Saponins supplementation showed effective protection on these changes. These results demonstrate that saponins fromAralia taibaiensisattenuate the D-galactose-induced rat aging. By activating FOXO3a and Nrf2 pathways, saponins increase their downstream multiple antioxidants expression and function, at least in part contributing to the protection on the D-galactose-induced aging in rats.

Defisiensi Riboflavin dan Demensia pada Usia Lanjut

Demensia Alzheimer menempati urutan kesembilan penyebab kematian di Amerika Serikat. Demensia adalah kondisi yang sering dialami yang berhubungan dengan berbagai faktor dan gaya hidup terutama diet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan defisiensi asupan riboflavin (vitamin B12) dengan demensia pada usia lanjut (usila). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dan dilaksanakanpada bulan September 2007 sampai dengan Januari 2008. Sampel penelitian adalah 141 lansia berumur lebih dari sama dengan 60 tahun yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Demensia diukur menggunakan kuesioner MMSE (² 24, skor maksimum 30) dan asupan riboflavin diukur menggunakan form Semi Quantitative – FFQ. Penelitian ini memperlihatkanbahwa 47,5% usila mengalami demensia. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, tingkat pendidikan, dan asupan riboflavin dengan kejadian demensia pada usila (nilai p < 0,05).Kata kunci: Demensia, defisiensi riboflavin, usia lanjutAbstractDementia Alzheimer’s was ranked the ninth leading cause of death in The United States. Dementia can not be avoided as related to several factors and lifestyle especially the diet. The objective of this research is to know relation the deficiency of riboflavine (vitamin B12) intake and incidence of dementiaat elderly. A cross-sectional study was conducted betweenSeptember 2007 and January 2008. The sample obtained was 141 elderly which it was conducted to purposive sampling. Dementia was measured by using questionnaire MMSE (² 24, maximum score was 30), and riboflavine intake was measure by Semi Quantitative – FFQ form. This study shows that dementia in elderly was 47,5%. Statistical test showed that Statistical test showed that incidence of dementia had significantly associated with ages, level of education, and riboflavine intake (p value < 0,05).Key words: Dementia, deficiency of riboflavine, elderl