scholarly journals Conception of Tatar’s «Yoke» and Relations with the Golden Horde in Russian Public Consciousness of the Period from the Second Half of the 13th until 16th Century

2012 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
V. N. Rudakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Literature ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Biblical History ◽  
Public Consciousness

The article analyses how precisely were interpreted manifestations of Russian princedom’s dependence on Golden Horde in the public consciousness of the period from the second half of the 13th until 16th century. Besides the origin of the term «yoke» is investigated, the author raises the question whether the term is adequate for description of Russian-Horde relations in the mentioned period. The author comes to the conclusion that the ideas of the centuries-old «yoke», which are widespread in historiography, don’t follow from the existed forms of dependence. Nevertheless in Old-Russian literature this dependence was presented as «slavery», that allowed scribes to find analogy with the events of biblical history (the period when the peculiar people were in pharaon’s captivity and in Babylonian captivity). Such «bookish» perception of Horde rule co-existed with «ordinary» (commonplace) perception, which didn’t take Russian-Horde relations as «slavery/ yoke». However as the years go by it is the bookish notion «yoke» which has firmly taken place in historical vocabulary.

scholarly journals A book review: Eliza Małek. Legenda ob astrologe Mustaeddyne Kshishtofa Dzerzheka v drevnerusskom perevode i ee pozdneyshie obrabotki (issledovanie i izdanie tekstov) [The legend about the astrologer Mustaeddin by Krzysztof Dzerzhek in the Old Russian translation and its later pro-cessing (research and publication of texts)]. Warszawa. 2019, 267 p.

2020 ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
N. S. Gurianova ◽  
◽  
L. V. Titova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Translation ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
History Of

The review considers the monograph of the famous Polish specialist in the history of Old Russian literature, Eliza Małek. The monograph is a study of the “The legend about the astrologer Mustaeddin by Krzysztof Dzerzhek in the Old Russian translation and its later pro-cessing (research and publication of texts)”. The relevance of investigating the text written in Poland in the 16th century is highlighted. Not only does the monograph trace the existence of the Legend in Russia in the 17th – 19th centuries, but it also describes all known editions of the 18th – 21st centuries. Of particular interest are the texts of the Legend presented in the monograph, and no less valuable is the analysis that was carried out.

scholarly journals Miracles of the Saints in Nikon’s Chronicle as a Source for the Study of the Church Ideology during the 1520s–1530s

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 58-73
Author(s):  
A.N. Novoselov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The Will ◽  
Saint Peter ◽  
The Church ◽  
Will Of God

This paper examines the informative potential of miracles described in Nikon’s Chronicle. Miracles are understood as a symbolic genre of the Old Russian literature. They are stories about unexpected and miraculous events taking place through the will of God and solving some earthly problems. The miracles worked by the following Russian saints were analyzed: Saint Peter of Moscow, Sergius of Radonezh, Barlaam of Khutyn, etc. The texts of miracles from the saints’ lives, Russian chronicles dating from the 15th century to the early 16th century, and Nikon’s Chronicle were compared. It was concluded that the storylines had been considerably revised in the 1520s–1530s. A hypothesis was introduced that the texts were transformed as a result of the influence exercised by Maximus the Greek and the non-possessors, who expressed doubts that certain metropolitans and monastery rectors could have been recognized as miracle workers. This hypothesis was confirmed through the comparative analysis of Nikon’s Chronicle and the trial minutes of Maximus the Greek. The conclusion was made that the miracles described in the earlier sources were rewritten in the subsequent years to shift the emphasis on the important role played by certain church figures in the key historical events.

The Specific Features of Public Relations Maintained by Libraries, Acting as Cultural Institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Radosław Molenda
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Significant Question

Showing the specificity of the work of the contemporary library, and the variety of its tasks, which go far beyond the lending of books. The specificity of the library’s public relations concerning different aspects of its activity. The internal and external functions of the library’s public relations and their specificity. The significant question of motivating the social environment to use the offer of libraries, and simulta-neously the need to change the negative perception of the library, which discourages part of its poten-tial users from taking advantage of its services. The negative stereotypes of librarians’ work perpetuated in the public consciousness and their harmful character. The need to change the public relations of libra-ries and librarians with a view to improving the realization of the tasks they face. Showing the public relations tools which may serve to change the image of librarians and libraries with particular emphasis on social media. This article is a review article, highlighting selected research on the librarian’s stereo-type and suggesting actions that change the image of librarians and libraries.

Interaction of Ukrainian Diaspora and the USA Government Regarding Celebration of Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (47) ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
Halyna Shchyhelska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
The United States ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
The Public ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The Us ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Usa

2018 marks the 100th anniversary of the proclamation of Ukrainian independence. OnJanuary 22, 1918, the Ukrainian People’s Republic proclaimed its independence by adopting the IV Universal of the Ukrainian Central Rada, although this significant event was «wiped out» from the public consciousness on the territory of Ukraine during the years of the Soviet totalitarian regime. At the same time, January 22 was a crucial event for the Ukrainian diaspora in the USA. This article examines how American Ukrainians interacted with the USA Government institutions regarding the celebration and recognition of the Ukrainian Independence day on January 22. The attention is focused on the activities of ethnic Ukrainians in the United States, directed at the organization of the special celebration of the Ukrainian Independence anniversaries in the US Congress and cities. Drawing from the diaspora press and Congressional Records, this article argues that many members of Congress participated in the observed celebration and expressed kind feelings to the Ukrainian people, recognised their fight for freedom, during the House of Representatives and Senate sessions. Several Congressmen submitted the resolutions in the US Congress urging the President of United States to designate January 22 as «Ukrainian lndependence Day». January 22 was proclaimed Ukrainian Day by the governors of fifteen States and mayors of many cities. Keywords: January 22, Ukrainian independence day, Ukrainian diaspora, USA, interaction, Congress

Pre-Rehearsal Questions of Performance Tradition and Play-Selection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Jeffs
Keyword(s):  
Golden Age ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Golden Age ◽  
Royal Shakespeare Company ◽  
The Public ◽  
Performance Tradition ◽  
Performance Traditions ◽  
Public Consciousness

This chapter asks the questions: ‘what is the Spanish Golden Age and why should we stage its plays now?’ The Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) Spanish season of 2004–5 came at a particularly ripe time for Golden Age plays to enter the public consciousness. This chapter introduces the Golden Age period and authors whose works were chosen for the season, and the performance traditions from the corrales of Spain to festivals in the United States. The chapter then treats the decision taken by the RSC to initiate a Golden Age season, delves into the play-selection process, and discusses the role of the literal translator in this first step towards a season. Then the chapter looks at ‘the ones that got away’, the plays that almost made the cut for production, and other worthy scripts from this period that deserve consideration for future productions.

scholarly journals Programming Native CRISPR Arrays for the Generation of Targeted Immunity

mBio ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander P. Hynes ◽  
Simon J. Labrie ◽  
Sylvain Moineau
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Industrial Settings

ABSTRACT The adaptive immune system of prokaryotes, called CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated genes), results in specific cleavage of invading nucleic acid sequences recognized by the cell’s “memory” of past encounters. Here, we exploited the properties of native CRISPR-Cas systems to program the natural “memorization” process, efficiently generating immunity not only to a bacteriophage or plasmid but to any specifically chosen DNA sequence. IMPORTANCE CRISPR-Cas systems have entered the public consciousness as genome editing tools due to their readily programmable nature. In industrial settings, natural CRISPR-Cas immunity is already exploited to generate strains resistant to potentially disruptive viruses. However, the natural process by which bacteria acquire new target specificities (adaptation) is difficult to study and manipulate. The target against which immunity is conferred is selected stochastically. By biasing the immunization process, we offer a means to generate customized immunity, as well as provide a new tool to study adaptation.

Translation, interpreting and the genealogy of conflict

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Pérez-González
Keyword(s):  
Special Issue ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
The Public ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Media ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

While the growing ubiquitousness of translation and interpreting has established these activities more firmly in the public consciousness, the extent of the translators’ and interpreters’ contribution to the continued functioning of cosmopolitan and participatory postmodern societies remains largely misunderstood. This paper argues that the theorisation of translation and interpretation as social phenomena and of translators/interpreters as agents contributing to the stability or subversion of social structures through their capacity to re-define the context in which they mediate constitutes a recent development in the evolution of the discipline. The consequentiality of the mediators’ agency, one of the most significant insights to come out of this new body of research, is particularly evident in situations of social, political and cultural confrontation. It is contended that this conceptualisation of agency opens up the possibility of translation being used not only to resolve conflict and tension, but also to promote them. Through a variety of theoretical and methodological approaches, the contributing authors to this special issue explore a number of sites of linguistic and cultural mediation across a range of institutional settings and textual/interactional genres, with particular emphasis on the contribution of translation and interpreting to the genealogy of conflict. The papers presented here address a number of overlapping themes, including the dialectics of governmental policy-making and translation, the interface between translation, politics and the media, the impact of the narrative affiliation of translators and interpreters as agents of mediation, the frictional dynamics of interpreter-mediated institutional encounters and the dynamics of identity negotiation.

PATRIOTIC EDUCATION IN THE MODERN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN KAZAKHSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
A. Zhusupova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The World ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Patriotism Education ◽  
Special Approach ◽  
The Right

The article deals with the problems of patriotism education in Kazakhstan, associated with the radical socio-economic transformations taking place in the world and in our country. All these changes have caused great changes in the public consciousness and spiritual life of society. With the acquisition of Kazakhstan's status as a sovereign state, the education of patriotism among the younger generation requires a special approach and interpretation, in consequence of the multinational nature of this state. It is necessary to form the right attitude to their Homeland and this should engage society, as patriotism is not inherent in the genes, it is not hereditary, and social quality. Love for the Motherland is the deepest of human feelings, which are the spiritual Foundation of social and state development. Patriotism can become a criterion for assessing the essence and the whole life of a person. Patriotism is presented as a form of axiological development of personality.

Subject of Economic Science

2015 ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
D. Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Classical Theory ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Wealth Of Nations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Adam Smith defined economics as “the science of the nature and causes of the wealth of nations” (implicitly appealing – in reference to the “wealth” – to the “value”). Neo-classical theory views it as a science “which studies human behavior in terms of the relationship between the objectives and the limited funds that may have a different use of”. The main reason that turns the neo-classical theory (that serves as the now prevailing economic mainstream) into a tool for manipulation of the public consciousness is the lack of measure (elimination of the “value”). Even though the neo-classical definition of the subject of economics does not contain an explicit rejection of objective measures the reference to “human behavior” inevitably implies methodological subjectivism. This makes it necessary to adopt a principle of equilibrium: if you can not objectively (using a solid measurement) compare different states of the system, we can only postulate the existence of an equilibrium point to which the system tends. Neo-classical postulate of equilibrium can not explain the situation non-equilibrium. As a result, the neo-classical theory fails in matching microeconomics to macroeconomics. Moreover, a denial of the category “value” serves as a theoretical basis and an ideological prerequisite of now flourishing manipulative financial technologies. The author believes in the following two principal definitions: (1) economics is a science that studies the economic system, i.e. a system that creates and recombines value; (2) value is a measure of cost of the object. In our opinion, the value is the information cost measure. It should be added that a disclosure of the nature of this category is not an obligatory prerequisite of its introduction: methodologically, it is quite correct to postulate it a priori. The author concludes that the proposed definitions open the way not only to solve the problem of the measurement in economics, but also to address the issue of harmonizing macro- and microeconomics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document