scholarly journals Formulasi Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 Terhadap Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Johanes Bornok Butar Butar ◽  
Prija Djatmika ◽  
Yuliati Yuliati
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
Legal Subjects ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Corporations are often neglected in the development of law as well as participation in legal development, making it vulnerable to access to justice. Corporations must obtain the same rights as humans in accordance with the laws and regulations concerning corporations as legal subjects. This is to give a sense of fairness to those who work in the company. The purpose of this study is to examine, find facts and analyze criminal liability for corporations against vehicles that have traffic accidents due to not conducting periodic tests. The method used is a type of normative juridical writing method using a statutory approach. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the LLAJ Law only focuses on vehicle drivers, the fact is that the cause of some traffic accidents is because the company does not conduct periodic tests on its vehicles. It is the responsibility of the company to conduct periodic tests on its vehicles every six months, but based on the cases described in the results of the discussion, traffic accidents caused by not conducting periodic tests by the company only focus on the fault of the driver. The current laws and regulations regarding traffic certainly do not fully support legal subjects in Indonesia, therefore there is a need for a formulation of criminal liability against corporations. Korporasi sering dilupakan dalam perkembangan hukum dan juga partisipasi dalam pembangunan hukum, sehingga menjadi rentan aksesnya terhadap keadilan. Korporasi harus memperoleh hak yang sama dengan manusia sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan tentang korporasi sebagai subjek hukum. Hal ini untuk memberikan rasa adil kepada mereka yang bekerja didalam perusahaan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji, menemukan fakta dan menganalisis pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi korporasi terhadap kendaraannya yang mengalami kecelakaan lalu lintas akibat tidak melakukan uji berkala. Metode yang digunakan adalah jenis metode penulisan yuridis normatif dengan menggunkan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa UU LLAJ hanya menitikberatkan terhadap pengemudi kendaraan, kenyataannya bahwa penyebab beberapa kecelakaan lalu lintas adalah karena perusahaan tidak melakukan uji berkala terhadap kendaraanya. Uji berkala tersebut merupakan tanggungjawab dari perusahaan untuk melakukan pengujian secara berkala terhadap kendaraanya selama 6 bulan sekali, namun berdasarkan kasus yang diuraikan dalam hasil pembahsan, kecelakaan lalu lintas yang disebabkan karena tidak dilakukan uji berkala oleh perusahaan hanya menitikberatkan kesalahan terhadap pengemudi. Peraturan perundang-undangan tentang lalu lintas saat ini tentu sangat tidak mendukung sepenuhnya subjek hukum di Indonesia, oleh karena itu perlu adanya formulasi pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap korporasi.

Efektivitas Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Usaha Yang Memproduksi dan Memperdagangkan Kosmetik Ilegal Berbahaya: Studi Polres Pelabuhan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-81
Author(s):  
La Ode Muhammad Jefri Hamzah ◽  
Abdul Agis ◽  
Hamza Baharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
Marketing Authorization ◽  
Legal Knowledge ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) Menganalisis efektivitas pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap pelaku usaha yang memproduksi dan memperdagangkan kosmetik ilegal berbahaya ditinjau dari Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen; dan (2) Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap pelaku usaha yang memproduksi dan memperdagangkan kosmetik ilegal berbahaya ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan yuridis-empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku usaha yang memproduksi dan memperdagangkan kosmetik ilegal yang berbahaya di Wilayah Polres Pelabuhan Makassar terlaksana kurang efektif. Meskipun demikian, proses penegakan hukum yang dilakukan tersebut sudah mengacu pada ketentuan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, seperti tersangka Sdr. ARFANDY alias ARFANDY BIN MUSTAFA yang terbukti melakukan tindak pidana mengedarkan sediaan farmasi/ kosmetika yang tidak memiliki izin edar, sehingga tersangka dijerat dengan Pasal 197 Jo pasal 106 ayat (1) UU R.I. No. 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan, dan juga dijerat dengan Pasal 62 Ayat (1) Jo Pasal 8 ayat (1) UU R.I No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Faktor substansi hukum, struktur hukum, budaha hukum, sarana dan prasarana, dan pengetahuan hukum kurang berpengaruh terhadap penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku usaha kosmetik illegal yang berbahaya di Polres Pelabuhan Makassar. The purpose of this study is to: (1) Analyze the effectiveness of criminal liability against business actors who produce and trade dangerous illegal cosmetics in terms of Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection; and (2) Analyzing the factors that influence the effectiveness of criminal liability against business actors producing and trading dangerous illegal cosmetics in terms of Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. This research is a descriptive study with a juridical-empirical approach. The results of the study show that: Law enforcement against businesses that produce and trade dangerous cosmetics that are dangerous in the Makassar Port Police Area is ineffective. Nevertheless, the law enforcement process carried out has referred to the applicable laws and regulations, such as the suspect Br. ARFANDY alias ARFANDY BIN MUSTAFA who was proven to have committed a crime of distributing pharmaceutical / cosmetic preparations that did not have a marketing authorization, so that the suspect was charged with Article 197 Jo article 106 paragraph (1) of Law R.I. No. 36 of 2009 concerning Health, and also snared with Article 62 Paragraph (1) Jo Article 8 Paragraph (1) of Law R.I No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The factors of legal substance, legal structure, legal status, facilities and infrastructure, and legal knowledge have less influence on law enforcement against dangerous cosmetics business operators in Makassar Port Police

scholarly journals The Defence of Provocation – Where Are We Now?

Obiter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya Maharaj ◽  
Shannon Hoctor
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Stress ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Reasonable Doubt ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
Commission Report ◽  
Subjective Element ◽  
The Law ◽  
Do So

The legal development towards treating provocation and emotional stress as factors that may create reasonable doubt as to the presence of criminal capacity is not only novel but revolutionary. Essentially, the law has recognised that a person who causes the death of another can be acquitted of murder, despite suffering no mental illness or defect at the time of killing, if evidence points to provocation and/or severe emotional stress at the time of the commission of the killing leading to a loss of criminal capacity.This dynamic approach is based on the psychological or principle-based approach to criminal liability, which is founded on the idea that unless an individual possesses the capacity or the fair opportunity to regulate her behaviour in accordance with the requirements of the law, she should not be liable for the unlawful consequences of her behaviour. In terms of the psychological or principle-based approach, where any subjective element of criminal liability is lacking, the accused cannot be convicted of the offence in question. The particular focus of this note is non-pathological incapacity or “emotional collapse”, which has been attributed to emotions such as fear, shock and anger. In this regard it is notable that the Rumpff Commission report expressly held that, in contrast to cognitive and conative functions, which can exclude capacity, and thus criminal liability (see further below), “affective emotional disturbances” do not per se do so, “especially if the behaviour of the person concerned gives or has given evidence of insight and volitional control”. Nevertheless, where such “affective emotional disturbances” contribute to a lack of either cognitive or conative capacity, they are indeed relevant to liability.Criminal capacity or “toerekeningsvatbaarheid” is one of the cornerstones of the system of criminal liability.

scholarly journals The Formulation Policy on Corporate Criminal Liability System For The 1950 - 2017 Period and Its Harmonization in The Renewal of National Criminal Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Dwidja Priyatno ◽  
Kristian Kristian
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Corporate Criminal Liability ◽  
Interpretation Method ◽  
Oriented Approach

The Criminal Code (KUHP) which currently applies does not recognize corporations as the subject of criminal acts. Therefore, the formulation/legislation policy concerning corporate criminal liability system in Indonesia is only regulated in various specific criminal laws (lex specialis). This research discusses the formulation/legislation policy regarding the corporate criminal liability system in 124 special criminal legislations outside the Criminal Code (KUHP) from 1950-2017. This research used a normative juridical research method as well as interpretation method with a policy-oriented approach. Types and sources of data used were secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The collected data were then analyzed based on qualitative analysis method. The results of the research showed that the corporate criminal liability system in legal politics in Indonesia (especially in the formulation/legislation policy) still experiences disorientation and disharmonious. Besides, the national law development should follow every development and/or change of society that is developing in the direction of modernization and globalization and should be able to accommodate all society�s needs in various fields. This legal development should be continuously carried out (as a dynamic and an endless process) by "improving (making things better)" and "changing the law to be better and modern".Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) yang saat ini berlaku tidak mengakui korporasi sebagai subjek tindak pidana.Oleh karenanya, kebijakan formulasi/legislasi mengenai sistem pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi di Indonesia hanya diatur dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan pidana yang bersifat khusus (lex specialis). Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai kebijakan formulasi/legislasi mengenai sistem pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi dalam 124 (seratus dua puluh empat) peraturan perundang-undangan pidana khusus di luar Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) dari tahun 1950-2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dan metode interpretasi dengan pendekatan yang berorientasi pada kebijakan (policy oriented approach). Jenis dan sumber data yang dipergunakan adalah data sekunder yang berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tertier. Data yang telah terkumpul akan dianalisis berdasarkan metode analisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sistem pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi dalam politik hukum di Indonesia (khususnya pada kebijakan formulasi/legislasi) masih mengalami disorientasi dan disharmoni. Selain itu, pembangunan hukum nasional harus mengikuti setiap perkembangan dan/atau perubahan masyarakat yang sedang berkembang ke arah modernisasi dan globalisasi serta mampu menampung semua kebutuhan masyarakat di berbagai bidang. Pembangunan hukum seperti ini harus terus-menerus dilakukan (sebagai proses yang dinamis dan proses yang tidak pernah berakhir) dengan cara �menyempurnakan (membuat sesuatu yang lebih baik)� dan �mengubah agar hukum menjadi lebih baik dan modern�.

THE INITIAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURAL ACTIVITIES OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN THE INVESTIGATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Sanita Labozeviča
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Main Element ◽  
State Police ◽  
Methodological Problems

The Article „The initial and emergency procedural activities of traffic accidents in the investigation” within the framework of researches of the initial and emergency procedural activities to evaluate and identify the procedural obstructive investigation, organizational and methodological problems in the practice of traffic accidents in State Police department. Low quality of the initial and urgent procedural activities of traffic accidents affects by finding out the cause of the accident, clarification people who are asked for criminal liability, to prove their fault and the righteous resolution of the criminal justice relations, which also justifies the topicality of this work. Moreover, the investigation of traffic accidents has wider role than is often believed. This is one of the main element of work to improve the safety on the roads.

scholarly journals Territorial Self-Governing Units of the Czech Republic as Entities Possessing Ownership and Other Proprietary Rights (the Basic Conceptual Issues)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-121
Author(s):  
Petr Havlan ◽  
Jan Janeček
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Socioeconomic Factor ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Legal Subjects

Abstract The property owned by self-governing units represents an important socioeconomic factor with the potential to affect a wide range of aspects of life, considering the scope of self-governing units. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the recent legal regulations regarding the proprietary position of Czech self-governing units (municipalities and regions) as well as comments on their development (considering wider circumstances) from 1990 to the present day. It focuses on the nature of legal entities sui generis (in Czech called “příspěvková organizace”), which perform ownership and other proprietary rights of the municipalities and regions on the basis of specific public law relations. Appropriate attention is also dedicated to other legal subjects operating in the sphere of territorial self-government considering their proprietary position. The sub-objectives of the article are the identification and explanation of solutions to the identified problems concerning the analyzed questions. The methodological part of the article is based on the analysis and critical evaluation of the current state of the discussed legal issues. The authors use the methods of legal hermeneutics to obtain correct interpretations of the analyzed legal regulations. The entities sui generis in question are found to be a relic of the transition period in Czech legal development after the 1990s and should be replaced with up-to-date forms of a public legal entity.

scholarly journals Tanggung Jawab Pidana dalam Peristiwa Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas yang Korbanya Meninggal Dunia di Wilayah Hukum Resor Gianyar

Acta Comitas ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Putu Ratih Mahalia Septiana
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Prison Sentence ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Legal Consequences

The level of discipline and understanding of the rules and the low courtesy of traffic from road users is something that needs special attention in their efforts to solve problems in the field of traffic. The purpose of this study is as follows: to determine the legal consequences for perpetrators in traffic accidents whose victims have died and to find out legal considerations for perpetrators in criminal liability for traffic accidents. The type of research used is empirical juridical legal research. Results of the discussion in this study: The legal consequences for perpetrators in traffic accidents where the victim died was sentenced to a minimum prison sentence of 5 years. In accordance with Article 359 of the Criminal Code. Legal considerations for perpetrators in criminal liability for traffic accidents include unintentional elements (negligence), have never been convicted, there is peace between the parties, giving information is not convoluted, there are witnesses who are mitigating, then the threat of punishment can be lighter. Tingkat disiplin dan pemahaman terhadap peraturan dan sopan santun berlalu lintas yang rendah dari para pemakai jalan merupakan hal yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus dalam upaya pemecahannya untuk mengatasi permasalahan di bidang lalu lintas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini sebagai berikut: untuk mengetahui akibat hukum bagi pelaku dalam kecelakaan lalu lintas yang korbannya meninggal dunia dan untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hukum bagi pelaku dalam pertanggung jawaban pidana terhadap kecelakaan lalu lintas. Jenis penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis empiris. Hasil pembahasan dalam penelitian ini: Akibat hukum bagi pelaku dalam kecelakaan lalu lintas yang korbannya meninggal dunia dipidana dengan hukuman penjara minimal 5 tahun. Sesuai Pasal 359 KUHP. Pertimbangan hukum bagi pelaku dalam pertanggung jawaban pidana terhadap kecelakaan lalu lintas antara lain ada unsur ketidaksengajaan (alpa), belum pernah dihukum, ada perdamaian diantara para pihak, memberikan keterangan tidak berbelit-belit, adanya saksi yang meringankan, maka ancaman hukuman bisa lebih ringan.

scholarly journals SEJARAH PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA BENEFICIAL OWNER DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dicky J H
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Second Amendment ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Legal Subjects

The history of the criminal liability of  Beneficial Owner in the World is very  influenced by the UK and the United States where in tax treaties and international organizations such as the FATF, AEOI, OECD which often use the term beneficial owner, become the basis for the development of the beneficial owner concept in the World. The history of corporate regulation as a subject of criminal law in Indonesia consists of two periods, namely the KUHP period (before the existence of laws outside the KUHP) and a period outside the KUHP (the birth of new laws that specifically regulate corporations as legal subjects, such as Law No. 7 Drt. 1955 concerning Investigation, Prosecution, Economic Crime Court, Law No. 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry, Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning Protection and Management of the Environment, Law No. 8 of 2010 concerning Prevention and Eradication of Money Laundering and Law No. 20 of 2001 on the Second Amendment to Law No. 31 of 1999 on Corruption.

scholarly journals Position Offenses by Notary in Making Authentic Deed : Reviewing the Notary Responsibility

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Santi Rosiana Lestari ◽  
Ichsan Anwary ◽  
Mispansyah Mispansyah
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The research aims to analyze the notary’ responsibility as common officialwho conduct contempting of court in making deed and notary’ criminal responsibilityin running the deed and criminal liability of Notary in conducting its position. Thetype of research is normative-legal or also called as doctrinal research. The resultsof research indicate the form of notary’ responsibility can be administrative, civil orcriminal responsibility. Especially the notary’ criminal responsibility is not clearlyregulated in the Notary Act, but its responsibility is very dependent on “deliberate”(opzet) in notay’ conduct. In making the deed, the notary shall be responsible forthe deeds which are made there or which are intentional mistake, on the contrary ifthe element of mistake occurs from the parties confronting, so as long as the Notaryconducitng ith authority in accordance with the laws and regulations, the Notaryconcerned cannot be requested accountability, since the Notary simply records whatthe parties are saying to be contained into a deed 

scholarly journals Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku Tindak Pidana dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Pornografi di Media Internet

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2341
Author(s):  
Ghozi Naufal Qois
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
Legal Uncertainty ◽  
Laws And Regulations

AbstractPornography has become a material for sale and purchase transactions. Pornographic transactions on the internet have many processes , so that there are many laws and regulations that can be applied. This creates legal uncertainty. The formulation of the problem in this research is the qualification of criminal acts related to pornography selling and buying transactions on the internet media and the accountability of criminals in selling and buying pornography on the internet media. The research method used is legal research through a conceptual approach and a statutory approach to assess existing legal problems. The results of this study show that the sale and purchase of pornography via the internet can be applied to the ITE and pornography laws. Then the responsibility depends on the evidence in the process of proving in court what the form of pornography is.Keywords: Criminal Liability; Transactions; Buying and Selling; Pornography; Internet.AbstrakPornografi sudah menjadi bahan yang di transaksi jualbelikan. Transaksi pornografi di media internet memiliki banyak proses seperti penawaran, kesepakatan, penyerahan barang, dan pembayaran sehingga terdapat banyak peraturan perundang-undangan yang dapat diterapkan. Hal ini membuat ketidak pastian hukum. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah Kualifikasi tindak pidana terkait transaksi jualbeli pornografi di media internet dan pertanggungjawaban pelaku tindak pidana dalam transaksi jualbeli pornografi di media internet. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah legal research dengan melalui pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan untuk mengkaji permasalahan hukum yang ada. Hasil dari penelitian tersebut diketahui bahwa transaksi jualbeli pornografi melalui internet dapat diterapkan Undang-Undang ITE dan Pornografi. kemudian pertanggungjawabannya tergantung dari pembuktian dalam proses pembuktian di dalam persidangan apakah bentuk dari pornografi tersebut.Kata Kunci: Pertanggungjawaban Pidana; Transaksi; Jual Beli, Pornografi; Internet.

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