scholarly journals Is Discrimination against disabled job candidates increased by previously acquired non-discriminatory moral credentials?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
Past Behavior ◽  
Moral Licensing ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
Job Candidates ◽  
Previous Contact

Previous studies showed that people are more willing to express prejudiced attitudes towards others when their past behavior has established their credentials as non-prejudiced persons. We examined this moral licensing effect in organizational contexts on a sample of 318 elementary school teachers. First, participants were given the opportunity to disagree with a set of discriminatory sentences. Next, all participants were required to express their attitudes towards hiring a disabled person for a specific job within the educational working environment in a hypothetical scenario. We also investigated the associations of participants' decisions with other personal characteristics such as gender, age, and previous contact with persons with disabilities. We found that participants in the moral licensing condition expressed a stronger endorsement of the discriminatory decisional alternative. Results are discussed concerning the educational context regarding the inclusion of people with physical or mental disabilities within the academic working environment.

scholarly journals What Makes People Actually Embrace or Shun Mobile Payment: A Cross-Culture Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Zhang ◽  
Jun Sun ◽  
Zhaojun Yang ◽  
Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Cross Culture ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Past Behavior ◽  
The Usa ◽  
User Groups

Mobile payment is becoming increasingly popular, but it encounters the resistance from certain user groups. This study examines the factors that influence both the technology acceptance and actual usage aspects of mobile payment adoption from the perspective of the general systems theory. Based on a literature review, it conceptualizes the embedding relationships among relevant behavioral processes, personal characteristics, and extrinsic factors and develops a research model. Together, the extrinsic factors in terms of culture, subjective norm, and socioeconomic status and main personal characteristics including demographics, personality traits, and past behavior are hypothesized to have direct and moderating effects on mobile payment acceptance and usage. The observations collected from China and the USA support most of the hypothesized relationships and reveal interesting cross-culture differences. Whereas users in the USA appear to be more rational and risk-averse, people in China seem more subject to social influence. The findings contribute to the mobile payment literature by deepening the understanding of adoption stages and expanding the scope of explanatory variables beyond technology acceptance.

Are Educational Administrators Prepared to Meet the Needs of Employees with Disabilities?

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly G. Griffith ◽  
Mark J. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Educational Administration ◽  
Americans With Disabilities Act ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Educational Administrators ◽  
Employees With Disabilities

Although educational administrators have been aware of the needs of students with disabilities since the 1970s, many are still not familiar with the legal rights of school employees with disabilities. Attitudes toward individuals with disabilities as well as knowledge of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) may be factors that influence the recruitment of qualified persons with disabilities into the education profession. The purpose in conducting this study was to determine the extent of the relationship of administrators' attitudes toward disabilities and their knowledge of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Respondents in the study were currently employed as educational administrators and/or educators completing educational administration certification requirements. Results from the study indicated there was a significant relationship between attitudes toward persons with disabilities, experience with individuals with disabilities, personal characteristics and employment characteristics. Both attitudes and knowledge of the ADA were found to be lower for respondents in educational administration positions. Educators who have disabilities are valuable to our schools. Their presence can influence the perceptions and attitudes of coworkers and students as well as provide a role model for students to live their lives fully integrated into our society. A creative look at inclusion of educators with disabilities in our rural schools may be the answer to our search for competent and caring special education teachers.

Working with older people with dementia: motivations and demotivations among health carers

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Sara Cheloni ◽  
Anthea Tinker
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Staff Retention ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Staff Motivation ◽  
People With Dementia

Purpose Motivation is central to the ongoing professional development, performance and retention of healthcare workers. Despite the increasing prevalence of people with dementia (PwD) and the associated demand for geriatric nurses, there exists a paradoxical shortage. The purpose of this paper is to explore the motivation and demotivation of healthcare professionals for working with older PwD, challenges faced, factors influencing intention to leave the field of work and methods to enhance staff motivation to continue working with this group. Design/methodology/approach This grounded-theory study used thematic analysis to synthesise data from 13 semi-structured interviews relating to the motivating and demotivating factors of healthcare professionals (nurses and healthcare assistants) for working with older PwD in a hospital setting. Findings Staff were motivated by previous personal experiences, personal characteristics and the fulfilment of the carer–patient relationship. Conversely, staff were mostly demotivated by organisational and working environment factors (e.g. poor leadership characteristics, inadequate staffing levels, lack of development opportunities), negatively influencing their intention to remain in employment. Research limitations/implications The generalisability of the results is limited by the size of the sample. Different organisational strategies/interventions (i.e. support, training, recognition and rewards) are necessary to nurture staff motivation, improve retention, create positive working environments and enhance patient care. Originality/value This study offers numerous ways in which to address factors contributing to demotivation in working with PwD, thereby helping to improve staff retention and support the needs of a growing population.

Tacit Knowledge Management Within Hospitality Establishments

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyros Avdimiotis
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Task Assignment ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
Tacit Knowledge Management

Tacit knowledge is a concept developed in connection with knowledge management research field. It is acknowledged as the cornerstone of competitive advantage; however, merely its possession does not guarantee an edge in fierce competition. Even though tacit knowledge holds a dominative role towards labor efficiency, productivity and innovation, the subject of tacit knowledge acquisition and transfer has been rather unexploited, mostly due to its intrinsic, highly personal and seamlessly bonded to holder's personality, attributes. The purpose of the article is to contribute to the exploitation of the embedded tacit knowledge of employees in hospitality establishments, a sector where the employment of tacit knowledge has to be extensive and foremost, capitalizing the maximum of personnel competences. Moreover, the paper correlates tacit knowledge acquisition and transfer, with behaviors stemming from a working environment where task assignment is adjusted to employees personal characteristics. Towards this goal, research hypotheses were built and tested, using SEM Methodology.

scholarly journals VARIANTS OF LIFE TRAJECTORIES AMONG PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING AND LIFE QUALITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Khazova ◽  
Inna Tikhonova ◽  
Tatiana Adeeva
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Life Trajectories ◽  
Life Trajectory ◽  
The Difference

<p class="normal">The article presents the results of the study of life trajectory variants among persons with disabilities as well as their social and personal characteristics: life satisfaction, life quality assessment, well-being, and coping strategies. The total sample was 87 people. The study suggests 3 variants of life trajectories among persons with disabilities. They differ in such parameters as dynamics, narrative, connection between events and one’s emotions, modality of emotions, number of important events, and their content. The reported life quality assessments slightly characterize the life trajectory variants. We identified the difference both between the levels of one’s social well-being satisfaction and subjective well-being in the 3 variants of life trajectories. We also observe specificities of the coping strategies. The results can be used to design programs of psychological assistance, accompany persons with disabilities, develop positive life strategies, and achieve high subjective well-being levels</p>

scholarly journals Employee theft behavior - a case study of 5-star hotels in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Employee Theft ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Internal Control System ◽  
Depth Interviews

Employee theft has becoming a serious and challenging issue for all businesses, especially to hotel organizations where employees have easy access to cash, amenities, and other inventories and items. This research is based on the theory of planned behavior, equity theory, and reinforcement theory to study the factors affecting employee theft behavior as well as the moderating effect of the internal control system in the hotel industry in Vietnam. Data were collected through 312 questionnaire responses and 9 in-depth interviews. The results confirmed that personal characteristics, opportunities, unfair compensations, injustice, and unethical working environment do affect stealing behavior at work. Moreover, the internal control system is proved to moderate the attitude and intention to steal to stealing behavior relationships. These results will provide an essential reference for both academicians and professionals to conduct further empirical validation or develop appropriate internal programs to prevent hotel employee theft behaviors.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pedagogical Competence and Work Environment toward Elementary School Teachers Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 668-677
Author(s):  
Super Boy Marsen ◽  
Heru Santosa ◽  
Siti Rochanah
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Teachers ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Pedagogical Competence ◽  
Path Analysis Model

This research aimed to investigate the effect of pedagogic competence and work environment on the performance of elementary school teachers at the Kuantan Singingi District. Methodology in  This study uses a quantitative approachwith a path analysis model. The participants of this study were 103 elementary teachers in Kuantan Singingi District, Singingi Hilir District.  The research instrument was a closed questionnaire on the google form application. The questionnaire used a five-point Likert scale. Hypothesis testing is obtained from the t-test and F-test. The results show that there were several conclusions, namely: 1) pedagogical competence has a positive and significant effect on elementary school teachers performance in Singingi Hilir District, the increasing of pedagogical competence of the teachers could improve their performance, 2) The working environment has a positive and significant impact on the performance of teachers in the District Elementary School  Singingi Hilir, where a good work environment would improve teacher performance. 3) pedagogical competence and work environment affected the performance of public elementary school teachers  Singingi Hilir District with a coefficient of determination or R-Square of 0.301 or  30.1%, meaning that pedagogical competence and work environment have an influenced on  performance of 30.1%.

scholarly journals THE ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS OF HUMANITIES TOWARD PEOPLE WITH DISABILITY AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Bojana Arsić ◽  
Svetlana Todorov ◽  
Anja Gajić ◽  
Aleksandra Bašić ◽  
Dragana Macešić-Petrović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Attitudes Toward Inclusion ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Previous Contact ◽  
Key Words Attitudes

Although the attitudes toward people with disabilities had improved, there is still evidence that they remain stigmatized. The aim of this research was to determine the differences in attitudes toward people with disabilities among participants based on their sociodemographic characteristics and attitudes toward inclusive education. The sample consisted of 261 students that were surveyed using the Multidimensional Attitudes Scale toward Persons with Disabilities, and a questioner designed by the authors regarding attitudes toward inclusion. Students who have had previous contact with people with disabilities had more positive attitudes. The majority of them had positive attitudes towards inclusive education and had the opinion that children who are enrolled in inclusive classes do not disrupt typically developing children‟s‟ educational process. It is of great importance to examine attitudes of students toward people with disabilities, because it is considered that attitudes of students represent future attitudes of the population. Key words: attitudes, students, disability, inclusion.

Personnel management in Russia: vector of humanization. Book 7

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Razumova ◽  
Natal'ya Spiridonova ◽  
Irina Durakova ◽  
Sergey Taltynov ◽  
Ekaterina Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Management ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Character Pathology ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas

The monograph contains the results of studies concerning: first, the evolution of ideas and practice of humanization in the personnel policy of the state; second, the implementation of the principles of humanization in work with the personnel of economic subjects: talent management, renewal of working capacity of older workers, building a dual career, building a strong corporate culture, the development of the additional professional education system; thirdly, problems related to industry characteristics personnel work, drawing on international experience of vocational rehabilitation and employment promotion of persons with disabilities, concerning the roles of personal characteristics and character pathology in the context of modern life; fourth, approaches to the weakening of the precarization of labor, University teachers, gender discrimination in the labour market, working with a "toxic" staff, to prevent stress in the workplace. Addressed to scientific-pedagogical and practical workers in the sphere of work with personnel; graduate students, undergraduates, students, professional interests which relate to issues of personnel management.

Economic Aspects of Blindness and Low Vision: A New Perspective

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kirchner
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Definition Of

This article presents a theoretical perspective on the economic aspects of disability that acknowledges that cultural value systems affect the definition of costs. It also illustrates the need for better measures of productive activity by persons with disabilities in paid and unpaid work; other personal characteristics that may account for dependence, such as old age or illness; and costs created by social barriers, rather than by impairments themselves.

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