scholarly journals Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolated from Raw Dairy Milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1108
Author(s):  
Abul Hasan ◽  
Ahsanur Reza ◽  
Farzana Islam Rume ◽  
Mirza Mienur Meher ◽  
Md. Shafiullah Parvej ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Dairy Milk

E. coli is one of the most important food borne pathogen, which could be transmitted by milk and milk products. To assess the role of dairy milk as the source of drug resistant E. coli, we examined 50 raw dairy milk samples (25-farm milk + 25-market milk) from some selected areas of Bangladesh by cultural, morphological, biochemical and antimicrobial sensitivity tests. In the preliminary observation, the mean total aerobic mesophilic count of market and farm raw milk samples were 8.98 and 8.68 log CFU/ml, while mean coliform count were 4.20 and 3.03 log CFU/ml respectively. Thirty-three E. coli isolates were recovered from collected samples (66% 33 of 50) and this pathogen was more prevalent in market milk (76%, 19 of 25) than farm milk (56%, 14 of 25). In addition, most of the isolated E. coli exhibited resistance against ampicillin and cefotaxime. This result shows that, the raw dairy milk and its products could be a source of human drug resistant E. coli.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Phylogroups and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Isolates from Food Products

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1291
Author(s):  
Babak Pakbin ◽  
Samaneh Allahyari ◽  
Zahra Amani ◽  
Wolfram Manuel Brück ◽  
Razzagh Mahmoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Ground Meat ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
E Coli

The emergence of multi-drug resistant E. coli is an important matter of increasing considerable concern to global public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, antibiotic resistance pattern and phylogroups of E. coli isolates obtained from raw milk, vegetable salad and ground meat samples collected from Qazvin Province (Iran). Culture-based techniques, Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility testing and PCR assays were used to determine the incidence rate, antimicrobial resistance pattern and phylogenetic groups of the E. coli isolates. The E. coli isolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin (79.1%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (70.8%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (62.5%), tetracycline (54.1%), chloramphenicol (54.1%), nitrofurantoin (54.1%), ampicillin (45.8%), streptomycin (45.8%), and kanamycin (33.3%); and completely susceptible to norfloxacin and azithromycin and 70.8% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant. Most E. coli isolates (46%) belonged to phylogroup A. Novel, practical, efficient food safety control and surveillance systems of multi-drug resistant foodborne pathogens are required to control the foodborne pathogen contamination.

scholarly journals Determination of antibiotics sensitivity profiles of bacteria isolated from raw milk

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-401
Author(s):  
Mukta Talukder ◽  
HM Manir Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Food Contamination ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity

The extensive progress of dairy sectors in a developing country like Bangladesh, led to widespread use of antibiotics to improve the health and productivity of animals. Prolonged usage may lead to antibiotic residues in foods of animal origin; hence, the emergence of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms. Accurate data on the antibiotic usage in livestock treatment, antibiotic residues and antimicrobial resistances in raw milk in Bangladesh are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the types and usages of antibiotics in cattle, their potential microbial resistances in raw milk samples. To do so, a total of 54 raw milk samples were evaluated and the bacterial isolates were identified and measured for resistance to 4 antibiotics most commonly used during bacterial infection Bangladesh. Amongst all 54 (100%) isolates were positive to S. aureus and 36 (66.67%) isolates were positive to E coli. Determination of the antibiotic resistance pattern of isolates showed that all isolates of S. aureus were resistant to cefoxitin (81.48%), ampicillin (64.81%), ciprofloxacin (51.85%), and gentamycin (70.37%). E. coli showed resistance to cefoxitin (69.44%), ampicillin (83.33%), ciprofloxacin (77.78%), and gentamycin (86.11%). However multidrug resistance pattern was also found. The obtained results provide evidence that antimicrobial resistant strains of the above pathogens have become remarkably widespread in raw milk. This requires better management for antibiotic usages among livestock farmers to control sources of food contamination and reduce the health risks associated with the development of resistant microbial strainsAsian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2016, 2(3): 396-401

scholarly journals MOLECULAR DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM RAW MILK SOLD IN DIFFERENT MARKETS OF BANGLADESH

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Islam ◽  
S. M. L. Kabir ◽  
S. K. Seel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity

     The study was intended for molecular detection of E. coli isolated from raw cow’s milk. A total of 20 milk samples were collected from different upazila markets of Jamalpur, Tangail, Kishoreganj and Netrokona districts of Bangladesh. Milk samples were cultured onto various culture media for the isolation of bacteria. The isolated bacteria were identified by studying staining characteristics, cultural properties on different selective media, biochemical tests, catalase and coagulase test, and finally by PCR. Out of 20 samples, 15 (75%) milk samples were found positive for E. coli. 15 Escherichia coli isolates were amplified by 16S rRNA gene based PCR. Antimicrobial sensitivity test was carried out to ascertain the susceptibility of the organism to various antibiotics. Its results showed that the E. coli isolates were resistant to amoxycillin (86.67%) and erythromycin (73.33%) but sensitive to azithromycin (53.33%), ciprofloxacin (86.67%), gentamicin (86.67%), norfloxacin (80%) and streptomycin (66.67%).

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mastitis and Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from CMT Positive Milk Samples Obtained from Dairy Cows, Camels, and Goats in Two Pastoral Districts in Southern Ethiopia

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1530
Author(s):  
Amanuel Balemi ◽  
Balako Gumi ◽  
Kebede Amenu ◽  
Sisay Girma ◽  
Muuz Gebru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples

A study was carried out from August 2017 to February 2018 on lactating dairy cows, one-humped dromedary camels, and goats to determine mastitis in the Bule Hora and Dugda Dawa districts of in Southern Ethiopia. Milk samples from 564 udder quarters and udder halves from 171 animals consisting of 60 dairy cows, 51 camels, and 60 goats were tested for mastitis. Sixty-four positive udder milk samples were cultured, and bacterial mastitis pathogens were isolated and identified. The antibiotic resistance of bacterial isolates from milk with mastitis was tested against nine antimicrobials commonly used in the study area. Cow- and quarter-level prevalence of mastitis in dairy cows, camels, and goats was 33.3%, 26.3%, and 25% and 17.6%, 14.5%, and 20%, respectively. In cattle, the prevalence was significantly higher in Dugda Dawa than in Bule Hora. Major bacterial isolates were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (39.1%), S. aureus (17.2%), S. hyicus (14.1%), and S. intermedius and Escherichia coli (9.4% each). In camels, udder abnormality and mastitis were significantly higher in late lactation than in early lactation. Mastitis tends to increase with parity in camels. E. coli isolates were highly resistant to spectinomycin, vancomycin, and doxycycline, whereas most S. aureus isolates were multidrug-resistant. Most of the rural and periurban communities in this area consume raw milk, which indicates a high risk of infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria. We recommend a community-focused training program to improve community awareness of the need to boil milk and the risk of raw milk consumption.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM RAW MILK SOLD IN DIFFERENT MARKETS OF BANGLADESH

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Islam ◽  
S. M. L. Kabir ◽  
M. T. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity Test

The study was intended for molecular detection of S. aureus isolated from raw cow’s milk. A total of 20 milk samples were collected from different upazila markets of Jamalpur, Tangail, Kishoreganj and Netrokona districts of Bangladesh. Milk samples were cultured onto various culture media for the isolation of bacteria. The isolated bacteria were identified by studying cultural properties on different selective media, biochemical tests, and finally by PCR. Out of 20 samples, 15 (75%) milk samples were found to be positive for S. aureus. S. aureus specific 16S rRNA gene was amplified from all isolates and identified as S. aureus. Antimicrobial sensitivity test was carried out to ascertain the susceptibility of the organism to various antibiotics. Its results showed that the S. aureus isolates were resistant to amoxicillin (100%), erythromycin (73.33%) and tetracycline (73.33%) but sensitive to azithromycin (93.33%), ciprofloxacin (93.33%), gentamicin (100%), norfloxacin (86.67%) and streptomycin (86.67%).

scholarly journals Listeria monocytogenes: An emerging food-borne pathogen and its public health implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waffa W Reda ◽  
Khaled Abdel-Moein ◽  
Ahmed Hegazi ◽  
Yasmin Mohamed ◽  
Khaled Abdel-Razik
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Luncheon Meat ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Minced Meat

Introduction: Listeria monocytogenes is considered one of the most important food-borne pathogens transmitted to humans via contaminated food. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the importance of L. monocytogenes as a food-borne pathogen. Methodology: A total of 340 samples were collected from different localities in El Giza Governorate, Egypt, to check the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in that area. The collected samples comprised 250 food samples, 40 swabs from food refrigerators, and 50 stool specimens from diarrheic children. L. monocytogenes was isolated from the examined samples according to the International Organization for Standardization. The isolates were tested biochemically using Listeria Microbact 12L and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Results: The isolation rates of L. monocytogenes were 8% in beef burger, 4% in minced meat, 4% in luncheon meat, while sausage samples were all negative. Eight percent of raw milk samples were positive for L. monocytogenes, whereas cheese samples and refrigerator swabs were negative. Only Listeria grayi was isolated from human stools (2.5%). Conclusion: The high isolation rates of L. monocytogenes among the examined food stuffs highlight the crucial role of food as an important vehicle for this pathogen. More efforts should be made to ensure safe handling and processing of these foods to reduce the transmission of L. monocytogenes to humans.

scholarly journals Pathogenic and Drug Resistant Bacteria in Raw Milk of Jessore City: A Potential Food Safety Threat

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
UT Tasnim ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Milk is such a food which can meet almost all nutritional needs of human lives. Raw or unprocessed milk supports the growth of wide variety of microorganisms. The major interests of this study were examining the microbial quality of raw milk collected from different locations of Jessore city in Bangladesh and determining antibiotic susceptibility pattern of some isolated bacteria. To do so, 12 raw milk samples were collected from different areas of Jessore city. Microbial analysis comprised of enumeration of TVC (total viable count), TCC (total coliform count) and TSC (total staphylococcal count). The highest TVC, TCC and TSC were 1.95x109 CFU/ml, 2.5x107 CFU/ml and 1.02x107 CFU/ml respectively. Prevalent bacterial populations were Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Shigella spp. Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp. In order to observe the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, the antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for some randomly selected isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. More than 90% isolates of Klebsiella spp. were found to be resistant against Erythromycin whereas more than 90% isolates were sensitive against Imipenem. On the other hand, 100% E. coli isolates were observed as resistant against Erythromycin and in case of Trimethopreme 100% isolates were sensitive. Multidrug resistance pattern was also found. These results suggest the necessity of hygienic practices during handling, processing and post-processing of raw milk to improve the microbiological quality and safety of raw milk.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23723Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 71-78

Drug-resistant bacterial pathogens in milk and some milk products

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shajuty Marjan ◽  
Kamal Kanta Das ◽  
Saurab Kishore Munshi ◽  
Rashed Noor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Milk Samples

Purpose – Current study was carried to detect the presence of pathogenic bacteria including the drug-resistant ones from milk and milk products. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Twenty-six raw milk samples from ten different areas, 28 pasteurized milk samples from 12 different companies and 26 yogurt samples from ten different sources in Dhaka city were microbiologically analyzed through cultural and biochemical identification of the isolates. Drug resistance trait was also determined by the Kirby-Bauer method on Muller-Hinton agar. Findings – Out of 80 samples studied, 74 were found to harbor pathogens within a range of 102-104 cfu/ml, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Vibrio spp. The study of antibiogram revealed that most of the isolates were resistant against most of the commonly used antibiotics. Research limitations/implications – Employment of only cultural/ biochemical tests excluding the molecular detection of virulence and/or antibiotic resistance genes might stand as a shortfall of the study. Nevertheless, such basic approach of microbiology can make this type of study replicable in the resource poor settings in the other developing countries. Practical implications – Routine detection of drug-resistant bacteria can further unveil the complications in chemotherapy during the endemic food borne diseases. Social implications – The study outcome/knowledge would aid to a better public health management especially in the developing countries. Originality/value – The presence of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria in most of the tested milk samples poses a great public health threat, especially to the children. Therefore, the study revealed the necessity of maintaining proper hygienic practice and care in handling and processing of milk and milk products.

Incidence of Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia Coli in Iraqi Milk Products

1990 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 846-848
Author(s):  
F. M. ABBAR ◽  
H. KH. KADDER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
Overall Resistance

The antimicrobial sensitivity of 430 Escherichia coli strains isolated from three types of locally processed Iraqi milk products was determined. Four hundred and one (93.2%) isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents, and only 29 (6.7%) isolates were sensitive to all 12 agents tested. The incidence of resistant E. coli was 95.5%, 90.4% and 84.4% in isolates from cheese, kishfa, and gaymer, respectively. There was no significant difference in resistance among E. coli strains from various milk products. Overall, resistance to penicillin (92.3%), erythromycin (75.8%), cephaloridine (71.9%), ampicillin (57.7%), and tetracycline (37%) was most frequent, whereas isolates were least resistant to kanamycin (7.2%), chloramphenicol (8.1%), nalidixic acid (8.6%), gentamycin (9%), streptomycin (12.5%), trimethoprim (14%), and colistin (18%). The predominant antimicrobial resistance pattern was penicillin, ampicillin, cephaloridine, and erythromycin detected in 77 (18%). The high resistance of E. coli strains isolated from product samples was suggestive of misuse of these drugs in Iraq.

Associations between Bovine, Human, and Raw Milk, and Beef Isolates of Non-O157 Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli within a Restricted Geographic Area of the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. COBBOLD ◽  
M. A. DAVIS ◽  
D. H. RICE ◽  
M. SZYMANSKI ◽  
P. I. TARR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples

A survey for Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli in raw milk and beef was conducted within a defined geographic region of the United States. Prevalence rates based on detection of Shiga toxin gene (stx) were 36% for retail beef, 23% for beef carcasses, and 21% for raw milk samples, which were significantly higher than were Shiga toxigenic E. coli isolation rates of 7.5, 5.8, and 3.2%, respectively. Seasonal prevalence differences were significant for stx positivity among ground beef and milk samples. Distribution of stx subtypes among isolates varied according to sample type, with stx1 predominating in milk, stx2 on carcasses, and the combination of both stx1 and stx2 in beef. Ancillary virulence markers eae and ehx were evident in 23 and 15% of isolates, respectively. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis demonstrated associations between food isolates and sympatric bovine fecal, and human clinical isolates. These data demonstrate that non-O157 Shiga toxigenic E. coli is present in the food chain in the Pacific Northwest, and its risk to health warrants critical assessment.

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