Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performans reproduksi kerbau betina lumpur (Bubalus bubalis) di Kecamatan Simeulue Barat Kabupaten Simeulue. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2016. Pemilihan lokasi penelitian dilakukan pada 4 desa yaitu: Desa Malasin, Lamamek, Sigulai dan Sembilan. Pemilihan lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive sampling). Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode survei untuk memperoleh data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dilakukan melalui teknik wawancara langsung dengan pemilik ternak kerbau berdasarkan daftar pertanyaan yang telah disiapkan dalam bentuk kuesioner. Data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi-instansi terkait di Kabupaten Simeulue dan Kecamatan Simeulue Barat. Materi penelitian meliputi 40 orang peternak yang berdomisili di 4 (empat) desa di Kecamatan Simeulue Barat. Penentuan peternak responden adalah dengan menggunakan metode simple random sampling, dengan ketentuan minimal peternak memelihara 2 (dua) ekor kerbau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan umur dewasa kelamin 2,5-3,0 tahun, umur beranak pertama 3,5-4,0 tahun, lama bunting 310-330 hari, jarak antara melahirkan sampai bunting kembali 4-6 bulan, selang beranak 14-16 bulan, Angka Kelahiran 36%, sedangkan Angka perkawinan per kebuntingan dan angka kebutingan agak sulit untuk diketahui dikarenakan sistem perkawinan ternaknya bebas alami dan sistem pemeliharaannya masih ekstensif. Disimpulkan bahwa performans reproduksi ternak kerbau betina lumpur di Kecamatan Simeulue Barat belum optimal, namun mempunyai reproduksi yang baik dan berpeluang untuk dikembangkan. Reproduction Performance of Female Mud Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) In West Simeulue District Simeulue RegencyAbstract. This research aims to find out the reproductio performance of female mud buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in West Simeulue District Simeulu Regency. This research was conducted in four villages: Malasin Village, Lamamek, Sigulai and Sembilan. The selection of research location was done intentionally (purposive sampling). The research method used was survey methods that is to obtain primary data and secondary data. Primary data was collected through direct interview techniques with the owner of buffaloes by a list of questions that had been prepared in the form of questionnaire. Secondary data obtained from the relevant institutions at the Simeulue Regency and West Simeulue District. The research material includes 40 (fourty) breeders who live in 4 (four) villages in the West Simeulue District. Determination of the respondent breeders by using simple random sampling method, with minimum provisions the breeders maintain 2 (two) buffaloes. The results showed the age of sexual maturity are 2.5 to 3.0 years, the age of first birth are 3.5 to 4.0 years, pregnant duration are 310-330 days, the duration between the giving birth to repegnant are 4-6 months, giving birth interval are 14-16 months, the Birth Rates are 36%, while the number of marriages per pregnancies and pregnancy rate were rather difficult to know because the mating system is naturally free and maintenance system are still extensive. In conclusion, that the reproductive performance of female mud buffaloes in the West Simeulue District still has not been optimal, but have a good reproductive and likely to be developed