scholarly journals Different sources of phosphorus fertilizers and soil amendments affected the phosphorus and cadmium content in soil, roots and seeds of maize (Zea mays L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-645
Author(s):  
Chathurika Umayangani ◽  
Wasantha Malaviarachchi ◽  
Rasika Hettiarachchi ◽  
Neelamanie Yapa
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Available P ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Soil Available P ◽  
The Impact ◽  
P Fertilizers

Phosphorus (P) fertilizers contain cadmium (Cd) as a contaminant at levels varying from trace amounts to high levels and therefore, can be a major source of Cd to agricultural systems. This study was designed to assess the impact on application of Eppawala rock phosphate (ERP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) as P fertilizers and different soil amendments on P and Cd uptake in maize (Zea mays L.). The field trial was carried out at Field Crop Research and Development Institute at Mahailluppallama, Sri Lanka. A randomized complete block design was employed with three replicates as ERP and TSP separately applied with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and three types of amendments (biochar, compost and dolomite) and the control without adding P fertilizers. Phosphorus content and Cd content of soil, maize roots and seeds were quantified. Results revealed that available soil Cd and total accumulated root and seed Cd amounts were significantly higher in TSP added treatments with and without amendments compared with ERP added soil. Considering soil available P, root and seed P, there was no significant difference observed in different treatments of TSP and ERP added treatments. A similar phenomenon was also observed in growth and yield parameters with both fertilizers added and with the added amendments. There was no colonization of AMF in maize roots in TSP applied soil while 25-60% of colonization was recorded with ERP. Synthetic fertilizer (TSP) must have inhibited the AMF colonization and thereby increasing the Cd content in maize seeds. AMF colonization increased with comparatively low soil available P in ERP added treatments. The results revealed that TSP could be effectively substituted by ERP as a source of P for maize soils. The addition of AMF, compost and biochar further increased the effect.

scholarly journals Impact of Macronutrients and Micronutrients on Soil Health Nutrients Concentration and Uptake by Maize (Zea mays L)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 199-206
Author(s):  
M. L. Bubarai U. Bapetel ◽  
A. Musa Mala
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Chemistry Research ◽  
Agricultural Chemistry ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Nutrients Concentration ◽  
The Impact

At the SHUATS Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Research Farm, an experiment was conducted with the goal of determining the impact of application of macro and micronutrients, on soil health nutrients concentration and uptake by maize (Zea mays L). The experiment was put up based on this over a two-year period, beginning with the 2017 and 2018 cropping periods. Crbd was used as the experimental technique and it was replicated thrice with the following treatments combinations, NPK @ 50 and 100kgha -1, while for the micronutrients (Boron, Zinc and Copper) three levels of combination were used 0.3, 6 and 9kgha-1. The research project's findings showed all the determinants of soil health like soil reaction organic matter among others are at levels suitable for nutrients actions and plant growth, while plant parameters like maize cob diameter, dry matter, and nutrients concentrations in maize tissues have greatly improved. NPK @100kgha-1, Copper, Zinc, and Boron @ 9kgha-1 were the best treatment combinations with the best results. The above combinations of treatments will be suitable for the soils of that location based on the results of these studies.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nutritive Quality of Maize (Zea mays L.) Produced and Stocked from Rural Conditions in Côte d’Ivoire

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Kouamé Désiré ◽  
Biego Henri Marius ◽  
Niamketchi Gilles Léonce ◽  
Konan Ysidor ◽  
Sidibé Daouda
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims: Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major staple food for millions of people in Côte d’Ivoire. Due                         to its high productivity and low cost of calorie it is preferred crop for food security of the                      country. Thus, this study was conducted to assess nutritive quality of maize produced and               stocked in five purposively selected regions of Côte d’Ivoire which represents five agroecological settings. Study Design: A total of 1500 samples of maize as grains, epis and spathes were collected at rate of 500 samples by region (Gbêkê, Poro, Hambol, Indénié-Djuablin and Gontougo) and sent to the laboratory in order to analyse their nutritional quality. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out during March 2016 to January 2017. The collected sample were carried out at the laboratory unit of Food Sciences and Biochemistry of the Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan. Methodology: Proximate analyses were carried out using standard methods AOAC (2000). Results: The results show significant difference from the biochemical compositions of maize type and region. Mean value intervals were as follow: dry matter (85.83 – 91.42%), ash (1.19 - 2%), proteins (7.99 - 9.32), lipids (3.21 - 4.47), carbohydrates (71.80 - 77.94), starches (62.30 - 68.44%), fibers (5.03 - 5.83%), total sugars (2,13 - 2.99%), reducing sugars (0.33 - 0.66%), free fat acidity (1.86- 4.50%), peroxide value (1.34 - 3.07 meq O2/kg), iodine value (100.93 - 130.56 g I2/100 g), unsaponifiable (0.89 - 1.54%) and energy values (357.88 - 374.39 kcal). Conclusion: A significant variability from one region to another can be noticed at level of maize quality regardless the type of maize. The nutritive quality of maize seems to be tied to postharvest treatments (drying), type of storage (epis, grains and spathes) and structure of storage.

Grain yield, dry matter remobilization and chlorophyll content in maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by nitrogen and water deficit

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-356
Author(s):  
Mahta Haghjoo ◽  
Abdollah Bahrani
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biological Yield

Out of 20, 40, 60 and 80 per cent moisture depletion 20% showed significantly higher grain yields, biological yield, chlorophyll a, b than the others. However, the highest contribution of stem and leaf dry matter remobilization in grain yield were obtained in 80% moisture depletion and 300 kg N/ha and the lowest one was found in the 20% moisture depletion and 150 kg N/ha. Nitrogen application increased all traits, however there were no significant difference between 250 and 300 kg N/ha.

Mycorrhizal responsiveness of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes as related to releasing date and available P content in soil

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Chu ◽  
Xinxin Wang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Fanjun Chen ◽  
Fusuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Available P ◽  
Mycorrhizal Responsiveness ◽  
P Content

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Pemangkasan terhadap Kualitas Silase Dua Varietas Jagung (Zea mays L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
La Karimuna ◽  
Safitri Safitri ◽  
La Ode Sabaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Plot Design

Effects of crop arrangement and cutting on the silages quality of two varieties of maize (Zea mays L.)ABSTRACT. The objective of this experiment was to study the interaction effect of varieties, spacing and cutting on the quality of silage as foodstuff. The experiment had been conducted from January to April, 2007 at the experimental Garden of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Haluoleo. This experiment was arranged in Split-Split plot design with three factors. The first factor was variety as main plot, consisting of BISI-2 variety and local variety; the second factor was space arrangement as sub plot, consisting of 60 cm x 40 cm (J1), 75 cm x 40 cm (J2), 90 cm x 40 cm (J3), the third factor was cutting period as sub plot, consisting of no cutting (Po), cutting on 40 days (P1), and cutting on 55 days (P2). So that there were 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 54 experimental units. Analysis of variance was applied to know the effect of treatment. If so, least significant difference (LSD) 0.05 (95 %) confidence level was used. Variables observed was plant growth determining silages quality, consisting of quality of crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, and water. Results of research revealed that interaction affect of spacing and cutting periods on 40 days of BISI-2 variety gave the best yield of plant growth for plant height. While the local variety tended to adverse effect of cutting. However, the quality of silages of two varieties tended to be similar. Every crop spacing had a positive effect of cutting on 40 days. The best quality of silages of two varieties was resulted from the interaction between spacing 75 cm x 40 cm and cutting of 40 days.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Biologically Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles as Source of Nutrient on the Growth of Zea mays L.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumera Sabir ◽  
Muhammad Asif Zahoor ◽  
Muhammad waseem ◽  
Muhammad Hussnain Siddique ◽  
Muhammad Shafique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to erroneous posting.

scholarly journals The Effect of Climate Change on Spring Maize (Zea mays L.) Suitability across China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhe Ji ◽  
Guangsheng Zhou ◽  
Qijin He ◽  
Lixia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Abrupt Shifts ◽  
The Impact

Spring maize (Zea mays L.) is a thermophilic C4 crop which is sensitive to climate change. This paper provides a detailed assessment of the effect of climate change on the crop from a new perspective, by predicting the probability of the potential distribution of spring maize across China. The affected area of spring maize suitability was identified, and then the affected area was subdivided into the improved area and the deteriorated area. Our results confirmed that there was a detrimental consequence for spring maize suitability under observed climate change from 1961–1990 to 1981–2010. However, our results revealed that warming scenarios of 1.5 °C and 2 °C were helpful for the suitable area expansion of spring maize. The affected area was smaller under warming scenarios than under historical climate change, revealing that temperature rise alone was not enough to trigger a “tipping point” (a threshold value after which abrupt shifts occur) for spring maize, even if warming is 2 °C above the level of 1961–1990. Our results not only benefit China in the design of mitigation and adaptation strategies, but also provide a theoretical judgement that the impact of global warming on the crop ecosystem is not serious if other climate factors remain unchanged.

scholarly journals The Phytotoxicity of Microencapsulated Peppermint Oil on Maize (Zea mays L.) Depending on the Type of Growth Substrate and Maize Cultivar

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1302
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Synowiec ◽  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Agnieszka Krajewska
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Growth Substrate ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Growth Substrates ◽  
Loam Soil

Microencapsulated peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) essential oil (MPEO) is a prospective botanical herbicide. A hypothesis was formulated that the type of growth substrate (vermiculite, silty clay loam or sandy loam soil) and the cultivar affect the phytotoxic potential of MPEO on maize (Zea mays L.). The pot experiments assessed the effect of varying doses of MPEO or maltodextrin, a carrier of microcapsules, mixed with the growth substrates, on maize’s emergence and early growth. The morphological analyses were supported by the measurements of total phenolics in the second leaf and roots. The MPEO revealed phytotoxic effects on maize in all of the growth substrates already at a low dose (36.0 g m−2), displayed by the delays of maize emergence, reduced growth, and biomass accumulation. Maltodextrin also caused significant reductions in biomass of maize roots. In conclusion, maize is susceptible to substrate-applied MPEO, the type of substrate and the cultivar of maize, can modify this effect to a limited extent.

Interplant root competition leads to an overcrowding effect in maize

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Jiang ◽  
K Wang ◽  
G Jiang ◽  
Q Wu ◽  
J Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Root Competition ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
The Impact

We conducted an experiment with two maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) to examine the effect of interplant root competition on root growth and to evaluate the impact to total plant performance. Two maize hybrids (Jinhai 5 and Denghai 3719) were grown either with no root competition in their own plot (owners) or as individuals sharing twice the space and nutrients (sharers). Plants were sampled every other week after pollination to track changes in root and shoot biomass. The carbohydrate allocation was smaller in the roots of sharers compared with owners at the pro-phase of grain filling and shoot accumulation was slightly accelerated during this period. However, at the lag phase, the accumulation rate in the shoots of individual plants was distinctly lower than in owners, as a result of earlier root senescence. Overall, shoot mass was reduced by 8% in sharers of both hybrids, while they showed a similar root to shoot ratio compared with the owners. Although the “sharing” treatment was confounded by larger soil spaces, the effects of larger soil volume and interplant root competition were different, and demonstrate that interplant root competition has an inhibitory effect on roots. Maize plants displayed an overcrowding effect (or an escape strategy) by allocating more carbohydrate to the shoots at the expense of the roots when faced with interplant root competition.Key words: Overcrowding effect, interplant root competition, maize (zea mays L.), root discrimination

scholarly journals Assessment of Planting Method and Deficit Irrigation Impacts on Physio-Morphology, Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Maize (Zea mays L.) on Vertisols of Semi-Arid Tropics

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1094
Author(s):  
Hanamant M. Halli ◽  
Sanganabasappa Angadi ◽  
Aravind Kumar ◽  
Prabhu Govindasamy ◽  
Raghavendra Madar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Semi Arid

Agriculture in a water-limited environment is critically important for today and for the future. This research evaluates the impact of deficit irrigation in different planting methods on the physio-morphological traits, grain yield and WUE of maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was carried out in 2015 and 2016, consisting of three planting methods (i.e., BBF, SNF, and DWF) and four irrigation levels (i.e., I10D: irrigation once in ten days, I40: irrigation at 40% DASM, I50: irrigation at 50% DASM, and I60: irrigation at 60% DASM). The results reveal that varying degrees of water stress due to planting methods and irrigation levels greatly influenced the maize physio-morphological traits and yield attributes. The combined effect of DWF + I50 benefited the maize in terms of higher leaf area, RWC, SPAD values, CGR, and LAD, followed by the SNF method at 60 DAS. As a result, DWF + I50 and SNF + I50 had higher 100 grain weight (30.5 to 31.8 g), cob weight (181.4 to 189.6 g cob−1) and grain yield (35.3% to 36.4%) compared to other treatments. However, the reduction in the number of irrigations (24.0%) under SNF + I50 resulted in a 34% water saving. Thus, under a water-limited situation in semi-arid tropics, the practice of the SNF method + I50 could be an alternative way to explore the physio-morphological benefits in maize.

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