IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA KIMIA PADA BUAH SEGAR TERUNG POKAK (Solanum torvum) DENGAN METODE LCMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nunuk Helilusiatiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Oleate ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
World Population ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Aminocyclohexanecarboxylic Acid

The content of antioxidant compounds in pokak eggplant (Solanum torvum) had the potential as an herbal medicine and was consumed by the world population. The research objective was to study the chemical compound content of the LCMS method. Experimental design with fresh fruit extraction of pokak eggplant using 95% ethanol solvent. The parameters measured were the chemical components found in fresh fruit. The results of analysis of chemical compounds include Choline, Proline, Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, BMK ethyl glycidate, 4- Methoxycinnamic acid, chlorogenic acid, 7- Hydroxycoumarine, Trigonelline, 1- Vinylimidazole, Pipecolic acid, L- (+) - Arginine- Stearoylglycerol, Caffeine, Cetrimonium, l- Pyroglutamic acid, Erucamide, Muscone, Cucurmin, Stearamide, Betulin, Acetophenone, Ethyl oleate, SSR146977, D - (+) - Maltose, M-144, Monoolein, L-ide, Histidine, Tomatidine, Oleamide Hexadecanamide, Isoleucine, DIPEA, L- Aspartic acid, Octadecanimine, Maltol, 1-Linoleoyl glycerol, 3- Hydroxy-L- proline, Sakuranin, Leucylprolin, Diaminopimelic acid, Nervonic acid, Nootkatone, Caffeic acid, 5-Hydroxymethyl , Methyl cinnamate, Octyl decyl phthalate, 1-Aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid, Glycerophospho-N-palmitoyl ethanolamine, 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde, Methyl palmitate, Cyclohexyl, phenyl ketone, Esculin, n-Pentyl isopentyl phthalate, - 6 -Ketoprostaglandin F1α, N, N-Dimethylsphingosin e, α-Eleostearic acid, cis-12-Octadecenoic acid methyl ester, Oleoyl ethanolamide, Citral, L-Tyrosine, XLR-11, Isovanillic acid, 1-Tetradecylamine, Isoquinoline, Calocarpin, Sedanolide, N-Acetyltyramine, Testosterone isocaproate , 2-Methyl-S-benzothiazole, 1-Aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid, 4-Methylumbelliferyl-α-D-glucopyranoside, Dodecyltrimethylammonium, cis, cis-Muconic acid, 6-Ketoprostaglandin 4-octopamine, Lupeol, N-FeroyETl, [4- (4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) tetrahydro-1H, 3H-furo [3,4-c] furan-1-yl] -2-methoxyphenyl hexopyranoside.

Study on Medicinal Properties of Red 1%NaOH Extractives of Castanopsis Fissa Wood by GC/MS

2008 ◽  
Vol 575-578 ◽  
pp. 1272-1275
Author(s):  
Zhong Feng Zhang ◽  
Wan Xi Peng ◽  
Kai Fu Li ◽  
Qing Zhi Ma
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Linoleate ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Medicinal Properties

The chemical components of red 1%NaOH extractives of Castanopsis fissa wood chips were separated and identified by GC/MS after enriching and dissolving in benzene-methanol. Relative content of each component was determined by area normalization. 24 compounds representing 71.87 % of the extractives were identified. The most abundant constituents were hexadecanoic acid,methyl ester(17.08%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,methyl ester (cas) (15.08%), 2,3-diphenyl-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole(7.05%), hexadecanoic acid,ethyl ester (cas) (7.02%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-,methyl ester(4.82%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,ethyl ester (cas) (4.70%), octadecanoic acid,methyl ester(2.66%), 10-methoxy-nb-à-methylcorynantheol(1.90%), di-(9-octadecenoyl)-glycerol(1.70%),ethyl linoleate(1.09%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,methyl ester (cas) (1.03%), eicosanoic acid,methyl ester(1.01%), and so on.

Determination of Chemical Components of Red 1%NaOH Extractives of E. Urograndis Wood by GC-MS

2008 ◽  
Vol 575-578 ◽  
pp. 1325-1328
Author(s):  
Wan Xi Peng ◽  
Kai Fu Li ◽  
Dang Quan Zhang ◽  
Yi Qiang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Linoleate ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl

The extractives from the fresh E. urograndis wood were obtained through red 1%NaOH solution. The chemical components for the extractives were identified by GC-MS. Relative content of each chemical component was determined by area normalization. Ninteen kinds of compounds representing 52.99% of the extractives which take on 36 peaks were identified. The result showed that the principal constituents were 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-, methyl ester (cas) (11.34%), 3-diphenyl-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole(10.77%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (cas) (6.23%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-, methyl ester(6.16%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-, ethyl ester (cas) (3.17%), di-(9-octadecenoyl)-glycerol(3.14%), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (cas) (1.93%), ethyl linoleate(1.81%), 3-acetoxychol-5-ene(1.62%), ethyl linoleate(1.60%), octadecanoic acid, methyl ester(1.05%)and so on. Therefore, this result reported in the present study for the first time provides the scientific basis for the further exploitation and development of E. urograndis wood. At the same time, the pollution prevention of the waste water of paper mill, wood industry would being realized from the results.

TOXIC PROPERTIES AND INTAKE SYMPTOMS OF SOME WILD PLANTS IN RELATION TO REPORTED FROM THE FOREST OF NORTH WEST SATPUDA REGION OF MAHARASTRA, INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SANJAY A. KHAIRNAR
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
World Population ◽  
Poisonous Plants ◽  
North West ◽  
Toxic Plants ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Croton Tiglium ◽  
Modern Era

In modern era about 80% of the world population depends on herbal alternative system of medicine. Seventy thousand plants are used in medicine and about 2000 plants are used in Indian Ayurveda. The activities of the curative plants are evaluated by their chemical components. Few of them are important as a medicine but also posses poisonous or toxic properties. The toxicity is produced in them due to the synthesis of toxic chemical compounds may be in primary or secondary phase of their life. Most of the users of such medicinal plants in crude form are tribal and peoples living in the forests and their domestic stock . Most of the time these peoples may not aware about the toxicity of such plants used by them and probably get affected sometimes even leads to death. In the study area during the field survey of poisonous plants, information are gathered from the traditional practicing persons, cow boy and from shepherds. About 20 plant species belonging to 17 families are reported as a medicinal as well as toxic. From the available literature, nature of toxic compound and symptoms of their intake on human being are recorded. In the study area the plants like, Abrus precatorious commonly known as a Gunj or Gunjpala, Jatropha curcas , (Biodiesel plant), Croton tiglium (Jamalgota), Citrullus colocynthis (Kadu Indrawan, Girardinia diversifolia (Agya), Mucuna purriens (Khajkuairi), Euphorbia tirucali (Sher), E. ligularia (Sabarkand), Datura metel ( Kala Dhotara), Datura inoxia (Pandhara Dhotara) and Asparagus racemo-sus (Shatavari) etc . are some of the toxic plants used as a medicine and harmful also.

scholarly journals Sandalwood, an Indian medicinal plant attenuates the microbial growth and influence up/down regulation of the metabolites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Parveen ◽  
Tooba Naz Shamsi ◽  
Sadaf Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Trimethylsilyl Ester ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Antibacterial Assay

AbstractThe methanolic extract of sandalwood (SwME) was prepared by soxhlet apparatus and the antibacterial assay was performed. Further, the metabolite profiling of SwME and lysates of E. coli and E. coli grown in the presence of SwME was generated. SwME showed maximum inhibition against E. coli (MTCC 443) i.e. 82.71%, and minimal against B. subtilis (MTCC 736) i.e. 26.82%. The metabolome profiles of E. coli and SwME were generated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. Comparative studies were done to understand to what extent metabolite modifications differ between SwME, E. coli lysate and the E. coli strain grown in presence of extract. Result revealed 23 peaks with major compounds present in E. coli were 9-Octadecenoic Acid (Z)-, Methyl Ester (26.85%), Hexadecanoic Acid, methyl ester (20.5%) and Hexadecanoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester (15.79%). When E. coli was grown in the presence of SwME, GC-MS analysis showed 25 peaks with major compounds such as 9-Octadecenoic Acid, Methyl Ester (21.97%), Hexadecanoic Acid, Methyl Ester (17.03%), and Hexadecanoic Acid, Trimethylsilyl Ester (14.96%). Correlating the metabolic profiles with the changes occurring is essential to progression their comprehension and in the development of new approaches to identify the metabolomics regulation in E. coli in response to SwME.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI KAPASITAS ANTIOKSIDAN KECAMBAH KEDELAI VARIETAS WILIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Wenny Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Water Ratio

Kedelai adalah produk pangan bernilai gizi tinggi yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini, kedelai dimodifikasi dengan cara perkecambahan. Komponen zat gizi akan berubah menjadi senyawa-senyawa yang lebih sederhana selama proses perkecambahan sehingga menjadi lebih mudah dicerna bagi tubuh manusia. Selain itu, perkecambahan juga dapat meningkatkan kapasitas antioksidan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan kondisi perkecambahan untuk mengoptimalkan kapasitas antioksidan dari biji kedelai varietas Wilis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi terbaik untuk mengoptimalkan kapasitas antioksidan adalah dengan cara perkecambahan pada suhu 25°C selama 15 jam dengan rasio biji kedelai dan air 1:3 tanpa adanya penambahan garam. Kapasitas antioksidan kecambah kedelai var. Wilis pada 100 ppm memiliki radical scavenging activity sebesar 9,69% dengan scavenging ternormalisasi 0,65% dengan total fenol 2,1 mg GAE/g pada biji dan 2,9 mg GAE/g pada kecambah. Dari hasil identifikasi GC-MS ditemukan senyawa-senyawa antioksidan yang terdapat pada biji kedelai dan kecambah kedelai berupa benzoic acid, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2,5-dihydroxytoluene, pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether, 2,5-dihydroxytoluene, pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester dan methyl oleate serta terdapat juga senyawa-senyawa antioksidan baru yang muncul setelah proses perkecambahan yaitu neophytadiene, campesterol, stigmasterol, delta-tocopherol dan gamma-tocopherol.  ABSTRACT: Soybean is a high nutrition food product that is largely consumed by Indonesians. In this research, the soybean will be modified by going through the germination process. Complex nutrition would be changed into substances that were more simple during the germination process. Therefore, it would be easier for human to digest it. Moreover, this process might also increase the antioxidant capacity of the soybean itself. The aim of this research is to find out the most suitable germination condition in order to acquire the optimum antioxidant capacity of Wilis variety soybean. The result shows that the best condition to optimize the antioxidant capacity is by performing the germination process at 25°C for 15 hours with soybean to water ratio being 1:3 without any salt addition. The antioxidant capacity of Wilis soybean at 100 ppm has 9,69% of radical scavenging activity, with 0,65% being normalized. The total phenolic compound found in the beans was 2,1 mg GAE/g, whereas 2,9 mg GAE/g were found in the sprout. Based on the GC-MS identification, the antioxidant compounds that are found in both the soybean and sprout are known to be benzoic acid, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2,5-dihydroxytoluene, pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether, 2,5-dihydroxytoluene, pyrogallol 1,3-dimethyl ether, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, and methyl oleate. In addition, there are also several new antioxidant compounds that emerge after the germination process, which are neophytadiene, campesterol, stigmasterol, delta-tocopherol, and gamma-tocopherol. Keywords: Soybean var. Wilis, Sprout, Antioxidant, Water Ratio

scholarly journals Contamination of Asian herbal drugs : Need for its critical evaluation

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Gupta ◽  
G. Prasad ◽  
A.K. Chopra ◽  
D.R. Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Severe Adverse Effect ◽  
World Population ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Dual Action

Herbal drugs have been used as remedies for the treatment of large number of humans, ailments since ancient times as the traditional medicine system; India has a glorious past, having first documented record of fully developed medical science known as Ayurveda written by several ancient Rishi’s. Major groups of indigenous system of medicine are based on herbal drugs. A survey made by WHO indicated that about 80% of the world population relies on herbal drugs. Herbal drugs are becoming more popularized and important even in the developednations with hope of their non-toxicity and may play a role of substitute to overcome the problems of multi drug resistant pathogens. Cultivation of drug plants has been started in large scale without considering the land quality and in certain cases irrigation with waste water. Application of different fungicides, pesticides in that specific field or in neighboring fields may be directly deposited superficially or may be absorbed by the plant system. Therefore in the present situation possibilities of the Asian herbal drugs, contaminated with large number of toxic components cannot be ignored which may severely hurt human life in place of healing or curing.These contaminants may be either alone or in combination and may be originated intrinsically, extrinsically and deliberately. Certain contaminants may be highly toxic and may cause severe adverse effect in the human system. Some of the important contaminants are the heavy metals like lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, copper and pesticides. Adulteration of modern drugs to enhance drug potency and heterogenous microbial population including human pathogens may contaminate both raw and powdered herbal drugs. Among these contaminants, microbial contamination seems more severe and may be due to their dual action on the drug i.e. utilization of medicinally important chemical components as nutrients and in certain cases by producing certain mycotoxins, which may be even carcinogenic under certain conditions . Critical evaluation of both raw and powdered herbal drugs for contaminants is the urgent need of the time in order to provide safety measures in herbal health care medicine.

Solvent extraction and its effect on phytochemical yield and antioxidant capacity of woody medicinal plant, Polyalthia bullata

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 9555-9568
Author(s):  
Munirah Adibah Kamarul Zaman ◽  
Azzreena Mohamad Azzeme ◽  
Siti Nurhafizah Ramli ◽  
Noor Azmi Shaharuddin ◽  
Syahida Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Polyalthia bullata is a woody medicinal plant that contains antioxidant compounds. Finding a suitable solvent is important to obtain a high yield of antioxidants in the phenolic, flavonoid, and terpenoid families. In this study, from different solvent extracts, the leaf methanolic extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total terpenoid content (TTC), and total antioxidant activity. For woody parts of stem and roots, methanol was the best solvent for all phytochemicals except for phenolics, which accumulated in the roots and were extracted more efficiently using ethanol. However, the methanolic extracts from both tissues displayed the best antioxidant capacity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) profiling data showed the presence of antioxidant compounds such as thymol, phytol, and neophytadiene in the leaf; trans-farnesol, n-hexadecanoic acid, and 9-Octadecenamide in the stem; and fatty acid (cis-vaccenic) and its methyl ester (11-Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester and [1,1’-bicyclopropyl]-2-octanoic acid, 2’-hexyl-methyl ester) in the roots. These findings reveal important compounds that are present in different plant parts of P. bullata.

Ethyl acetate fraction of Spathodea campanulata (Bignoniaceae) attenuates lead acetate induced testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glory Olubusayo Adesiyan ◽  
Temitope Olaoluwa Talabi ◽  
Oluwafemi Ezekiel Kale ◽  
Temitope Funmi Ogundare
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testicular Toxicity

Abstract Objectives The use of Spathodea campanulata in folklore medicine for the management of reproductive disorders has been poorly reported. We sought to investigate the protective potential of the ethyl acetate fraction of S. campanulata stem bark extract (EFSC) on lead acetate-induced (LA) testicular toxicity in male rats. Methods Animals during a 28 days treatment received dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 0.1%), LA (20 mg/kg), and EFSC (200 mg/kg). Others received EFSC only (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) or vitamin E (100 mg/kg) 1 h prior to LA (20 mg/kg) administration. Results LA administration decreased sperm counts and motility by 36.39 and 40.69% respectively in rats. Also, LA-untreated rats showed elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased total proteins in testis (260, 33%) and epididymis (62, 29%) respectively. However, EFSC (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) administrations improved sperm morphological characteristics as well as antioxidant status in LA-treated rats. EFSC (400 mg/kg) showed improved testis seminiferous tubules that were almost normal in the LA-treated rats. Further, EFSC contains a high 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester. Conclusions Overall, evidence by LA-induced testicular toxicity, EFSC provides chemopreventive roles via antioxidant mechanisms.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Profiling and Larval Control of Erythrina variegata Methanol Fraction against Malarial and Filarial Vector

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathalaimuthu Baranitharan ◽  
Barbara Sawicka ◽  
Jayapal Gokulakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Erythrina Variegata ◽  
Acid Methyl

Erythrina variegata (E. variegata) bioactive chemical has been the potential to be utilized as a good, eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquito population. In the present investigation, methanol extract using insecticidal compounds isolated against mosquito larvae kill assay was carried out. Secondary metabolism was characterized by thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectral, and identification of compound. Mosquito immature third instar larval, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus have been exposed to different concentrations of 50-250 µg/ml. Totally, larvae were death rate 98.2% (significant value 0.001b) from methanol extract and it is significant toxicity against larvae of An. stephensi and Cx. quinquefasciatus with LC50/LC99 values were 157.69/339.55 µg/ml and 137.67/297.33 µg/ml, respectively. FT-IR analysis in the functional groups such as alcohol, amines, amides, alkenes, 1⁎ amines, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, 1⁎,2⁎ amines, and alkyl halides searched the identity of secondary metabolites, which may act as 12-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester compound and clearly indicates being phytochemical. Chemical constituents of twenty-five compounds were identified in the methanol extract. The major components were 12-Octadecenoic acid and methyl ester (37.31%). Compound molecules consist of carbon 19 atoms (gray), hydrogen 36 atoms (greenish blue), and oxygen 2 atoms (red), indicated by the different colors. The results were obtained suggesting that, in addition to their pharmaceutical and medicine sources, 12-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester compound can also serve as a natural mosquito control.

Components Analysis of Monomer Acid and Application in Biodiesel

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 629-632
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Toluenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Orthogonal Analysis ◽  
Components Analysis

The chemical components of fatty acid in monomer acid were determined by GC/MS. After the sample was etherified via methanol, the chemical ingredients and their relative contents of fatty acid in it were analyzed by GC/MS. Fifteen components (such as Myristic acid, Palmitic acid, Oleic acid and Stearic acid ) were identified. The analyzed results showed that the Tetradecanoic acid content reached up to 12.16%, the Hexadecanoic acid accounted for 8.51%, the Octadecenoic acid arrived at 25.53% and the Octadecanoic acid 32.72%. The production technology of biodiesel from monomer acid, using p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst, was introduced. Through orthogonal analysis of parameters in a four-factor and three-level test, the optimum conditions obtained for the esterification were molar ratio of methanol to acid 3:1, usage amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid 6% and reaction time 3h, reaction temperature 60°C.Under the optimum conditions, conversion efficiency of biodiesel with monomer acid arrived at 98%.

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