scholarly journals Design and Construction of an Improved Solar Still for Production of Pure Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfred Manliura Amthombata
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Design And Construction

scholarly journals A Review of New Solar Still Design Comprising a Five-Sided Glass Cover and Equipped with an External Tank for PCM

2021 ◽  
Vol 877 (1) ◽  
pp. 012038
Author(s):  
Abbas Sahi Shareef ◽  
Hayder Jabbar Kurji ◽  
Hassan Abdulameer Matrood
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Change Material

Abstract Various human activities have led to the consumption of large quantities of pure water, which has led researchers to find efficient and economical methods for desalinating seawater and water containing impurities. In this review paper, solar energy where it is permanent, abundant and environmentally friendly, to produce pure water was discussed using a new solar distillation device, representing the paper’s novelty. The distillation was designed and used in the way led to increase efficiency and improve productivity by adding a solar collector to the system and equipped with a tank containing phase change material (PCM). It has a low melting point and can change the phase by absorbing the system’s latent heat to maintain the system’s temperature. Which contributes to increasing the distillation period even after sunset, thus increasing the daily productivity of freshwater. Using phase change materials will increase distillation hours from (3-4) hours after sunset, increasing the amount of production between (75 - 90) %.

scholarly journals Factorial design of experiment (DOE) for modeling solar still parameters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Al-Abed Allah ◽  
Mohammad Abu Abbas ◽  
Moath Maqableh
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Basin Area

Abstract. Water scarcity is a major threat to the future due to the fact that the pollution rate of freshwater resources is getting increased rapidly. At the same time, the level of water usage is dramatically increased. Hence, to fulfill the water demand, converting the brackish, saline water into pure water is one of the viable solutions. Desalination using solar still is a simple technique among various techniques available for salinity removal. Researchers have consistently attempted to improve the performance of solar stills due to poor productivity. This article highlights various factors that have an impact on the performance of the solar still such as solar radiation, basin area, saline water depth, insulation material, the thickness of glass cover, and wind speed. In order to achieve high performance via optimization of the effected parameters required for solar still, the design of experiments (DOE) can determine the most effective parameters and eliminate the least important ones. Moreover, solar still is often complex and time-consuming due to the various parameters that must be taken into consideration. Furthermore, this research focuses on reducing the computing time and determines the most significant parameters of the solar still, such as Basin area, saline water depth, and solar radiation. The theoretical results demonstrate that the most important factor that affects solar still productivity is basin area, saline water depth, and solar radiation respectively. While the insulation thermal conductivity, ambient temperature, and glass thickness have no effect on the performance of still.

Enhancement of Productivity on Double Slope Single Basin Solar still by Flat Plate Collector and Sponge

2015 ◽  
Vol 813-814 ◽  
pp. 690-694
Author(s):  
J. Prabahar ◽  
Thangavel Balusamy ◽  
Varghese M. John
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Living Thing ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

One of the essential needs of a living thing on earth is the pure water and nowadays this valuable natural resource is facing severe scarcity problems. Solar distillation is a better choice to minimize this problem by harvesting solar radiation in solar still and thereby producing pure water from hard water or brine. In this work, an attempt was made to enhance the productivity of still by flat plate collector, sponge, the combination. Finally, the productivity of the simple still was compared with that of a flat-plate collector, sponge, the combination. Use of flat plate collector and sponge increases the overall temperature of the still water and enhance the evaporation respectively thereby this will improve the condensate production of the solar still. It was observed that productivity increased by 14% in case of still with a collector, 10% for still with a sponge and 17% for still with collector sponge combination when compared with simple still.

scholarly journals Exergy and Energy Analysis of a Tubular Solar Still with and without Fins: Comparative Theoretical and Experimental Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. Dr. Ravishankar Sathyamurthy ◽  
Abd Elnaby Kabeel ◽  
Ali Chamkha ◽  
Hemanth Arun Kumar ◽  
Hariprasath Venkateswaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Rapid Urbanization

Abstract Today, availability of clean water is hard as the residents are expanding and moving fast to achieve rapid urbanization as a result need for clean water has been raised. Solar stills are the solution to desalinate to obtain pure water. This paper represents the theoretical and experimental study of tubular solar still with and without fins. The reading was recorded from 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM. Efficiency of TSS with fins and without fins are 23.39% and 13.76% respectively. The rate of irreversibility from the basin of TSS with flat is higher than TSS with finned absorber. Similarly, the rate of irreversibility from water is significantly reduced using finned absorber. Also, the exergy efficiency of TSS with finned absorber is higher compared to TSS with flat absorber.

A Review on Methods of Productivity Improvement in Solar Desalination

2018 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 414-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dhivagar ◽  
S. Sundararaj
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Evaporation And Condensation ◽  
Solar Desalination

Population density and automation is the main reason for the demand of drinking water. Water purification without affecting an ecosystem is the important need for daily life. Desalination is the best and effective way to satisfy the demand of fresh water. It is the most effective application of the solar energy. There are many conventional and non-conventional techniques available to make drinking water from the saline water. Among these solar desalination proves to be both economical and eco-friendly system particularly for rural areas. Solar stills are simple device which is used to provide pure water from the saline water by the principle of evaporation and condensation. This article reviews on the several research done on the solar stills to enhance productivity. Different designs of solar still and energy storage materials have been used to increase the yield and also this study proved the fact that efficiency of the solar still is majorly influenced by design and operating parameters.

scholarly journals Improvement of solar still productivity by using PCM and other enhancement technique- A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Abhinav Yadav ◽  
Md Saifullah Khalid ◽  
Prashant Saini ◽  
Ankit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Agricultural Expansion ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Enhancement Technique ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
The World

The necessity of pure water is rising each day, causes are population, industrial and agricultural expansion, worldwide. Due to the increasing population of world the fresh water will become more serious problem in the coming days. Hence, people around the world have to work on different and efficient methodology to generate potable water. Solar still is one among these methods acting device. In this paper, a review of using PCM and PCM with other enhancement techniques has been discussed. Use of stearic acid as a PCM below the liner of basin, each day pure water of 9.005kg/m2 per day and 4.998 kg/m2 per day has been found in the company of PCM and not including of PCM respectively. It is observed that solar desalination system in the company of paraffin-CuO is best among the others solar still with paraffin PCM, paraffin-TiO2, paraffin-GO. CuO, TiO2 and GO are the nanoparticles.

Design, Fabrication and Performance Analysis of Single Basin Solar Stills

2013 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 590-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malaiyappan Prakash ◽  
Elumalai Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Vertical Wall ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Pollution Damage ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Living Creature ◽  
Thick Glass

Pure Water is the important source for living creature survival which enriches their life. Solar stills is the best method to obtain the pure water from the sea water. Sea water available free from cost. Free energy is utilized to drive the solar still hence the non renewable energy is conserved, free from risk, pollution, damage, occupies lesser space, installing and maintain cost of the solar still is less. The basin material is chosen according to the thermal conductivity and lower cost analyses. An experimental and theoretical study have been done on solar still to optimize the design by examining the design, operational and climatic parameter on its performance. Single basin solar stills with basin volume of 500 mm × 500 mm ×200 mm have been fabricated by using saint gobian glass material. A 5 mm thick glass cover was used as a transparent material. This glass cover with an inclination of 13° is fixed to the vertical wall of the still. The whole assembly was air tight made with help of aluminium foil gasket and clips. This work mainly concentrates on the solar radiation, cover title angle, depth of the water.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Semispherical Solar Still, Chamber Stepwise Basin, with and without a PV Powered Electrical Heater

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Safa M Aldarabseh ◽  
Salah Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Electrical Heater ◽  
Straightforward Method ◽  
Solar Intensity ◽  
Rate Of Evaporation ◽  
Mathcad Software

Abstract The world's need for drinkable water is increasing with a growing population. The desalination process using solar energy is the cheapest and most straightforward method that can be used to generate pure water from saline water by utilizing energy from the sun's free heat source. A semispherical and chamber stepwise basin solar still with an inclined glass cover, with and without PV powered electrical heaters as another power source can increase the rate of evaporation of saline water, thus increasing the productivity of semispherical solar still. In this investigation, a conventional solar still and semispherical solar still with and without PV-powered electrical heaters were invented and worked in parallel with the experimental setup to make a good comparison between these models. The experimental results show that stepped semispherical with PV-powered electrical heater and without PV-powered electrical heater solar stills enhanced the productivity of freshwater from a conventional solar still by 156.6% and 72.5%, respectively. The theoretically simulated model is obtained using Mathcad software, and is compared with experimental results. Semispherical solar still productivity increases with increased solar intensity and with a PV-powered electrical heater as an additional power source. The theoretical results concluded from the mathematical model are in good agreement with experimental results.

Experimental Investigation of Solar Still With Varying Pressure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harender Sinhmar ◽  
Jitendra Bhati ◽  
Ritanshu Bhati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Efficient Solution ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Water Output ◽  
Novel Method

Abstract The shortage for the pure water exists in many developing countries like India even though three fourth of the earth is sheltered by water. The main reason behind this is the unplanned growth of industry and uncontrolled growth of population. In this context, solar still may serve as an efficient solution for addressing pure water shortage in hot climatic areas facing scarcity of water. Solar still is a very simple device that can be used for converting the available non-potable water into potable water. Various water purifiers based on solar energy have been proposed in literature but most of them are having low water output. This paper presents a novel method of a solar water purifier operating under vacuum to enhance its productivity. An experimental investigation of a scaled model has been carried out and it was observed that productivity of solar still increases with decrease in pressure inside the still.

An experimental wick-type solar still system: Design and construction

Desalination ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 267 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.T. Mahdi ◽  
B.E. Smith ◽  
A.O. Sharif
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Design And Construction
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