A Review on Methods of Productivity Improvement in Solar Desalination

2018 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 414-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dhivagar ◽  
S. Sundararaj
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Evaporation And Condensation ◽  
Solar Desalination

Population density and automation is the main reason for the demand of drinking water. Water purification without affecting an ecosystem is the important need for daily life. Desalination is the best and effective way to satisfy the demand of fresh water. It is the most effective application of the solar energy. There are many conventional and non-conventional techniques available to make drinking water from the saline water. Among these solar desalination proves to be both economical and eco-friendly system particularly for rural areas. Solar stills are simple device which is used to provide pure water from the saline water by the principle of evaporation and condensation. This article reviews on the several research done on the solar stills to enhance productivity. Different designs of solar still and energy storage materials have been used to increase the yield and also this study proved the fact that efficiency of the solar still is majorly influenced by design and operating parameters.

A review on various designs of solar still

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Md. Raquibul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
Drinking Purposes ◽  
Day By Day

The availability of drinking water is reducing day by day, whereas the freshwater necessity is tremendously increasing. There is a need for some sustainable water distillation (purification) to overcome this problem. Solar desalination is a technique used to convert brackish or saline water into potable water, and solar still is a useful device to distil brackish water for drinking purposes. Numerous designs of the solar still system have been developed worldwide. Many researchers outlined mathematical terms, performed experiments and validated the outcome from the various types of solar stills by varying the design and operating parameters. In this article, a review of the active and passive solar stills' performance has been carried out.

scholarly journals A Review of High Performance Solar Stills for Desalination of Waste Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 1087-1092
Author(s):  
Abhishek S. Kagdelwar
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Evaporation And Condensation ◽  
Solar Desalination

Pure water is renewable resource on the earth, it getting impure now a days. Solar desalination is one of the best way to produce fresh water from any type of impure water in a sustainable way. A solar still is a simply design device used to purify the water by using solar energy by the process of evaporation and condensation. Generally, the productivity of the conventional solar still is about 1–5 L/m2/day. But this quantity is not sufficient for an individual to fulfill daily needs of water in life. Hence either more than 1 L/m2 is required per person or better for modifications to improve the solar still design for the demand of the fresh water (likely more than 5 L/m2/day). In this work, an attempt has been made to categorize the different solar still designs with productivity more than 5L/m2/day. Here, we identify as such efficient high productivity of solar stills and discuss their modifications and heat transfer mechanism to reach at useful conclusions. This review will be a reference guide for future researchers who wish to concentrate only on efficient high productivity of solar stills to improve the productivity or efficiency.

scholarly journals Factorial design of experiment (DOE) for modeling solar still parameters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Al-Abed Allah ◽  
Mohammad Abu Abbas ◽  
Moath Maqableh
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Basin Area

Abstract. Water scarcity is a major threat to the future due to the fact that the pollution rate of freshwater resources is getting increased rapidly. At the same time, the level of water usage is dramatically increased. Hence, to fulfill the water demand, converting the brackish, saline water into pure water is one of the viable solutions. Desalination using solar still is a simple technique among various techniques available for salinity removal. Researchers have consistently attempted to improve the performance of solar stills due to poor productivity. This article highlights various factors that have an impact on the performance of the solar still such as solar radiation, basin area, saline water depth, insulation material, the thickness of glass cover, and wind speed. In order to achieve high performance via optimization of the effected parameters required for solar still, the design of experiments (DOE) can determine the most effective parameters and eliminate the least important ones. Moreover, solar still is often complex and time-consuming due to the various parameters that must be taken into consideration. Furthermore, this research focuses on reducing the computing time and determines the most significant parameters of the solar still, such as Basin area, saline water depth, and solar radiation. The theoretical results demonstrate that the most important factor that affects solar still productivity is basin area, saline water depth, and solar radiation respectively. While the insulation thermal conductivity, ambient temperature, and glass thickness have no effect on the performance of still.

scholarly journals Novel Cascade Solar Desalination Still: Mathematical, Numerical and Experimental Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 08007
Author(s):  
M. Bouzaid ◽  
N. Mouhsin ◽  
M. Taha-Janan ◽  
M. Oubrek ◽  
O. Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Experimental Process

Morocco is considered as a water-stressed country and is among the countries that face fresh water scarcity. However Morocco has an important solar energy and a significant amount of seawater and ocean. Therefore converting saline water to fresh water using solar energy is the perfect and the cleanest solution. Solar still is the simplest, cleanest and cheapest technology of solar desalination. In this paper a novel solar still with stepped-slope absorber plate and baffles was proposed and developed in order to enhance the thermal performance of the conventional solar stills. In order to validate the performance of the developed technology a comparative study were elaborated. A mathematical model was developed. The energy balance equations for the various elements of the solar still are formulated and numerically solved using the dynamic simulation program Matlab/SimulinkTM and the Euler explicit method programmed by C++. Also, the experimental process of the new construction was evaluated and validates the new pattern performance. The thermal performance was investigated and shows considerable improvement through the new construction.

scholarly journals Improvement of solar still productivity by using PCM and other enhancement technique- A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Abhinav Yadav ◽  
Md Saifullah Khalid ◽  
Prashant Saini ◽  
Ankit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Agricultural Expansion ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Enhancement Technique ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
The World

The necessity of pure water is rising each day, causes are population, industrial and agricultural expansion, worldwide. Due to the increasing population of world the fresh water will become more serious problem in the coming days. Hence, people around the world have to work on different and efficient methodology to generate potable water. Solar still is one among these methods acting device. In this paper, a review of using PCM and PCM with other enhancement techniques has been discussed. Use of stearic acid as a PCM below the liner of basin, each day pure water of 9.005kg/m2 per day and 4.998 kg/m2 per day has been found in the company of PCM and not including of PCM respectively. It is observed that solar desalination system in the company of paraffin-CuO is best among the others solar still with paraffin PCM, paraffin-TiO2, paraffin-GO. CuO, TiO2 and GO are the nanoparticles.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Semispherical Solar Still, Chamber Stepwise Basin, with and without a PV Powered Electrical Heater

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Safa M Aldarabseh ◽  
Salah Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Electrical Heater ◽  
Straightforward Method ◽  
Solar Intensity ◽  
Rate Of Evaporation ◽  
Mathcad Software

Abstract The world's need for drinkable water is increasing with a growing population. The desalination process using solar energy is the cheapest and most straightforward method that can be used to generate pure water from saline water by utilizing energy from the sun's free heat source. A semispherical and chamber stepwise basin solar still with an inclined glass cover, with and without PV powered electrical heaters as another power source can increase the rate of evaporation of saline water, thus increasing the productivity of semispherical solar still. In this investigation, a conventional solar still and semispherical solar still with and without PV-powered electrical heaters were invented and worked in parallel with the experimental setup to make a good comparison between these models. The experimental results show that stepped semispherical with PV-powered electrical heater and without PV-powered electrical heater solar stills enhanced the productivity of freshwater from a conventional solar still by 156.6% and 72.5%, respectively. The theoretically simulated model is obtained using Mathcad software, and is compared with experimental results. Semispherical solar still productivity increases with increased solar intensity and with a PV-powered electrical heater as an additional power source. The theoretical results concluded from the mathematical model are in good agreement with experimental results.

scholarly journals Design and Development of Solar Desalination Plant: Point-Focus Parabolic Solar Still

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
S.M. Atnaw ◽  
R.M. Ramli ◽  
S.A. Rusdah ◽  
T. Marimuthu ◽  
P. Mardarveran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Is Design ◽  
Installation Cost

Direct sunlight has been utilized long back for desalination of water. Solar still is a device that converts saline water to potable water. This project mainly discussed about point-focus parabolic solar still (PPSS). Since lack of water supply has become a serious problem today, this prototype is design to produce fresh water from saline water to enable continuous supply of water. However, the current solar desalination generation capacity is generally low and has high installation cost. Hence, there is a need for the enhancement of the productivity which can be achieved through point focus parabolic solar still. Existing PPSS produces of 3.56 L/m2 fresh water of per day. In this project, we have some modifications which will increase the productivity of PPSS.

scholarly journals Effect of heat flow via glazing on the productivity of a solar still

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Abderrahmane Khechekhouche ◽  
Zied Driss, Benjamin Durakovic .
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
The World ◽  
Flow Through

In many parts of the world, particularly in the Greater Maghreb, desalination of water by solar energy is practiced with incredible abundance. Drinking water shortage has become a major problem. Improving the efficiency of solar distillers in several laboratories around the world is still one of the major concerns of research topics. In this work we want to show that the heat flow through the glazing can also be considered as an index on the productivity of pure water from a conventional solar still.

scholarly journals Water Desalination System using Parabolic Trough with Varying Glass Thickness

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Glass Thickness ◽  
Desalinated Water ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
Water Container

Three quarters of the earth’s surface is covered with water[1]. Based on a survey, with the world’s population growing every year, the supply of usable water is not keeping enough with the required amount of water needed for survival. Nowadays, clean water has become a business which produces constraints when it comes to accessibility. Here in the Philippines, there are various diseases every year which relates to unsafe drinking water which may sometimes lead to death. The researchers want to know the effectivity of the assessed solar desalination system, how much desalinated water could this system provide and how long does it take for this amount to be produced in a given day. This study uses a parabolic trough which is the main means of harnessing solar energy and transferring this energy to the saltwater container which will heat up the pre-specified amount of saline water. The vapor will evaporate and the condensate will be trapped in the glass lid and routed to a desalinated water container. An evaluation is made to know the effective glass thickness for the device, the 3mm, 6mm and 10 mm thickness has been assessed and after the testing phase, it has been found out that the 10 mm glass thickness produced the optimum results. It is able to produce a liter of desalinated water out of 5000 mL of saline water. It is then observed that the 10mm glass thickness has the highest volume conversion efficiency of 23.10 % , followed by the 6mm glass thickness of 21.90% and the 3mm glass thickness of 17.30%.

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