scholarly journals Fuzzy geo-processing for characterization of social groups: an application to a Brazilian mid-size city

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. A. Gonzalez ◽  
A. G. Evsukoff ◽  
R. C. Pinto ◽  
A. P. B. Sobral ◽  
J. A. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups

Resource Politics and State-Society Relations: Why Are Certain States More Inclusive than Others?

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Sato
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Original Intention ◽  
Local Organizations ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Management Of Resources ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
Resource Politics

AbstractWhy do some states resort to more exclusive top-down management of natural resources, while others tend to be more inclusive and solicit participation from civil society? By rejecting the simple characterization of the state within the narrow spectrum of “weak” and “strong,” this article investigates resource-mediated relations in the peripheral social groups that the state has sought to transform as part of the process of modernization. Focusing on Siam and Japan, I highlight alternative explanations based on ethnicity and labor, bureaucratic mindset, and agro-ecological conditions. I argue that the more embedded nature of the labor force in resources sectors made it necessary for the Japanese government to engage with marginal people, whereas the enclave nature of such sectors in Siam allowed elites to establish a distinctively exclusive system. While the Japanese state quickly learned to accommodate people at the fringes through its recognition and acceptance of existing customs in the management of resources, and even facilitated the creation of local organizations such as forest unions, the Siamese were consistently more exclusionary and even oppressed indigenous groups living at the state's territorial periphery. Resource interventions targeted at the fringes of land and society in Japan and Siam produced lasting effects on state-society relations that have extended far beyond their original intention of securing resource procurement. Understanding the historical roots of such relations offers a fresh perspective from which to explain why state inaction prevails in the present debate on state devolution in Thailand.

scholarly journals LIFESTYLE TRENDS AND HOUSING TYPOLOGIES IN EMERGING MULTICULTURAL CITIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf M. SALAMA ◽  
Florian WIEDMANN ◽  
Hatem G. IBRAHIM
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Rapid Phase ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
New Development ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns

The introduction of new housing typologies in emerging cities is rooted in dynamics including infrastructural investments, urban growth rates and new development policies. In accommodating new lifestyles, demand-driven patterns by tenants and property owners are the main factors consolidating development trends in future. This paper explores the relationship between new lifestyle patterns and housing typologies in emerging cities. Within the context of Gulf cities, namely Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Doha and Manama, this paper investigates demographic structures and housing trends where a rapid phase of urban growth has transformed local urbanism. Current social structures were analysed by following a new ‘lifestyle framework’ resulting in the characterization of four main lifestyle trends. This is coupled with the assessment of 240 cases of new residences from the Gulf cities under study. The juxtaposition of both studies offers an outlook relevant to the importance of a transition from supply-driven to demand-driven housing dynamics to accommodate emerging multicultural societies. The paper thus contributes to a better understanding and identification of the social groups that are currently lacking suitable housing.

scholarly journals Tematicheskaya struktura intolerantnogodiskursa

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Vasilenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Discourse Community ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Thematic Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Online Comments ◽  
Gender Based

Thematic structure of the discourse of intolerance. The article presents a model of the thematic structure of hate speech as a form of intolerant discourse on vulnerable social groups singled out on the basis of protected characteristics. Four major thematic categories are identified: “Intuitive assessment”, “Characterization of the social group”, “Comparison of the group with other social groups” and “Position of the group in the discourse community”. Examples of verbalization of topics and subtopics of homophobic, sexist and xenophobic rhetoric in the online comments of Belarusian users in 2015–2019 are provided. Keywords: intolerant discourse, discourse of hate, hate speech, gender-based hate speech, sexist hate speech, xenophobic hate speech, sexual orientation-based hate speech, online discourse, online comment

scholarly journals Vestimenta, moda y sociedad en la comedia española de buenas costumbres = Clothing, fashion and society in Spanish neoclassical comedy

2017 ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
José Roso Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Customs ◽  
The Way

<p>En este trabajo analizamos el significado de la vestimenta, la forma de vestir y la moda en la comedia dieciochesca de buenas costumbres con la intención de aportar datos definitorios de la sociedad del momento. El teatro neoclásico fue buen escaparate de las mejoras sociales que pretendieron realizar los ilustrados y ello se observa en la forma de considerar la moda y los usos sociales del vestido. Se analizarán varias comedias donde se fija la importancia del recurso para los temas y la caracterización de personajes y se establece su valor como elemento para la crítica y la definición de tipos y grupos sociales.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This paper analyzes the significance of the dress, the dress and fashion in the eighteenth-century comedy of morals with the intention of providing data defining<br />society at the time. The neoclassical theater was good showcase of social improvements that sought to make enlightened and this is seen in the way of looking at fashion and social customs of dress. Several comedies where the importance of the resource for themes and characterization of characters is fixed and its value is set as an element for critical and defining types and social groups will be analyzed.</p>

scholarly journals Human occupation and land use process in the Itaim basin, Taubaté, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marcelo Dos Santos Targa ◽  
Mauro Castilho Gonçalves ◽  
Celso De Souza Catelani ◽  
Nelson Wellausen Dias
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Rural Culture ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
The City

 Indiscriminate use of land leads to substantial changes in the routine of social groups. Caused predominantly by anthropic elements and historically observed by the behavior of the economic and social trajectories, this phenomenon causes changes in the landscape and territory. This investigation analyzed the historical and social incidents in the random occupation of a hydrographic basin, located in the city of Taubaté, State of São Paulo. It considers factors related to urban occupation and the characterization of the rural environment, based on the analysis of anthropic conditions related to gradual alteration of the landscape and the territorial environment, from a historical and environmental perspective. Based on topical incursions at particular points in the basin and analysis of components found in the water, a progressive and inevitable degradation of their natural characterization was found, as well as the urgent need of intervention by public entities, and the population that lives and works in the region is called for, in order to expand the preservation of what remains of history, environment and rural culture.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

AEM analysis of crystallization in Ti-based amorphous alloys

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
A.R. Pelton ◽  
A.F. Marshall ◽  
Y.S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Amorphous Matrix ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties

Amorphous materials are of current interest due to their desirable mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Furthermore, crystallizing amorphous alloys provides an avenue for discerning sequential and competitive phases thus allowing access to otherwise inaccessible crystalline structures. Previous studies have shown the benefits of using AEM to determine crystal structures and compositions of partially crystallized alloys. The present paper will discuss the AEM characterization of crystallized Cu-Ti and Ni-Ti amorphous films.Cu60Ti40: The amorphous alloy Cu60Ti40, when continuously heated, forms a simple intermediate, macrocrystalline phase which then transforms to the ordered, equilibrium Cu3Ti2 phase. However, contrary to what one would expect from kinetic considerations, isothermal annealing below the isochronal crystallization temperature results in direct nucleation and growth of Cu3Ti2 from the amorphous matrix.

Characterization of Coherent, Ordered Precipitates in Nickel-Base Alloys

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
B. H. Kear ◽  
J. M. Oblak
Keyword(s):  
Stable Phase ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Alloy 718 ◽  
Commercial Alloy ◽  
Precipitate Morphology ◽  
Continuous Precipitation ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Base Superalloy ◽  
Strengthening Precipitate

A nickel-base superalloy is essentially a Ni/Cr solid solution hardened by additions of Al (Ti, Nb, etc.) to precipitate a coherent, ordered phase. In most commercial alloy systems, e.g. B-1900, IN-100 and Mar-M200, the stable precipitate is Ni3 (Al,Ti) γ′, with an LI2structure. In A lloy 901 the normal precipitate is metastable Nis Ti3 γ′ ; the stable phase is a hexagonal Do2 4 structure. In Alloy 718 the strengthening precipitate is metastable γ″, which has a body-centered tetragonal D022 structure.Precipitate MorphologyIn most systems the ordered γ′ phase forms by a continuous precipitation re-action, which gives rise to a uniform intragranular dispersion of precipitate particles. For zero γ/γ′ misfit, the γ′ precipitates assume a spheroidal.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

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