Comparison of Antileukotrienes and Antihistamines in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Yin Ho ◽  
Ching-Ting Tan
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Nasal Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nasal Secretions

Background The aim of this study was to compare the effect of antileukotriene (anti-LT), antihistamine, and a combination of anti-LT and antihistamine on the symptoms and nasal resistance in allergic rhinitis patients. Methods We performed a placebo-controlled study, with 120 persistent, moderate to severe allergic rhinitis patients randomly selected to receive the different treatments for 4 weeks: no treatment, 10 mg of cetirizine once per day, 20 mg of zafirlukast once per day, 20 mg of zafirlukast twice per day, a combination of 20 mg of zafirlukast and 10 mg of cetirizine once per day, or a combination of 20 mg of zafirlukast twice per day and 10 mg cetirizine once per day. The nasal secretion nitric oxide (NO) concentration, nasal symptom score, and nasal resistance were measured before and after treatment. Results Total symptom scores improved in each treated group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Nasal obstruction significantly improved in the anti-LT-treated groups (p < 0.05). High-dose anti-LT or the combination of low-dose anti-LT and antihistamine significantly improved allergy symptoms compared with no treatment, low-dose anti-LT, or antihistamine alone (p < 0.05). Furthermore, anti-LT decreased NO concentration in nasal secretions (p < 0.05), regardless of the dose administered. Conclusion These results suggest that high-dose anti-LT alone or the combination of low-dose anti-LY and antihistamine can effectively treat allergic rhinitis.

scholarly journals Glucocorticoid Functional Reserve in Full-Spectrum Intensity of Primary Hypothyroidism

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Rodríguez-Gutiérrez ◽  
Camilo González-Velázquez ◽  
Gerardo González-Saldívar ◽  
Jesús Zacarías Villarreal-Pérez ◽  
José Gerardo González-González
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Adrenal function might be impaired in patients with primary hypothyroidism. The objective was to evaluate adrenocortical function using the low-dose cosyntropin test in patients with primary hypothyroidism. Consequently a prospective, longitudinal, controlled study of sixty adult patients with primary hypothyroidism was carried out. Patientsnaïveto L-T4 treatment were compared with control participants. A low-dose cosyntropin test was done before and after L-T4 therapy. Thirty and sixty minutes after the low-dose cosyntropin, the mean cortisol values were lower in the cases group (612.6 ± 133.1 and 603.4 ± 153.7 nmol/L) when compared to the control group (677.0 ± 82.4 and 669.9 ± 83.7 nmol/L) (P=0.001and 0.003), respectively. After L-T4 therapy, this difference was lost. Four out of 60 cases (6.7%) taking a cortisol cutoff value of 500 mmol/L and 11 out of 60 (18.3%) having 550 mmol/L as the cutoff had adrenal insufficiency before L-T4 therapy. After L-T4 therapy, 50% and 81% of the cases had normal cortisol response. In conclusion, patients with different degrees of intensity of primary hypothyroidism had improved cortisol response after reaching euthyroidism. The incidence of adrenal insufficiency was 6.7–18.3% and more than 50% of the cases had a normal cortisol response after L-T4 therapy.

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVE STUDY OF THE AgNPs EFFECT ON THE MATERNAL AND EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IN ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Post Implantation

 This study was aimed to displayed effect of this nanoparticles on pregnant mother and embryos. All females administration of AgNPs suspension orally during the gestational period (for 21day) in two doses low 2mg and high dose 20 mg /Kg body weight and the control group received D.W only. The pregnant females (60 females) include the control group and the treated group  was subdivided in to two groups, pre and post implantation and all the mothers weighted along the study. The embryos and their brains after retrieved weighted and the crow-rump length (CRL) measurement also. The results showed that the active form of Ag can be transport the placental barrier and blood brain barrier (BBB). This nanoparticles showed adverse effect and produced decreased in mothers weights in low dose 2mg/Kg/ B.Wt and higher dose 20mg/Kg/ B.Wt. Weights of embryos were lower clearly after exposure to AgNPs compare to control group. On the other hand, the weights of embryo's brain were decreased compare of control group in both doses. The CRL of embryos lowered after exposure to AgNPs in treatment groups when compare to control group.

scholarly journals Study on Ameliorative Effect of Febuxostat on Gout Induced Model in Broiler Chicks

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Patel ◽  
D. J. Dave ◽  
R. C. Rathod ◽  
B. P. Joshi ◽  
D. J. Ghodasara
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Group Ii

This work was conducted on six groups of day-old Cobb-400 broiler chicks to study the ameliorative effect of febuxostat on gout induced model. Clinical signs were noticed in birds of diclofenac control group II and low dose febuxostat treated group IV. During the study, 27.77% and 22.22% mortality were observed in diclofenac control group II and low dose febuxostat treated group IV, respectively. Febuxostat control group III and febuxostat (medium and high dose) treated groups V and VI had no mortality. Reduction in body weight gain and feed intake was observed in diclofenac control group II as compared to without treatment control group I at the end of every week during the experimental period of 21 days. Reduction in body weight gain and feed intake was observed in low dose febuxostat treated group IV as compared to control group at the end of 1st week. The average FCR was higher in diclofenac control group II (2.54) and low dose febuxostat treated group IV (2.14) as compared to control group (2.00). Kidney: body weight ratio was significantly high in diclofenac control group II as compared to control group at the end of experiment. Gross and microscopic lesions of visceral gout were mainly observed in chicks that died during the experiment from diclofenac control group II and low dose febuxostat treated group IV. The overall lesions showed that diclofenac was nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic in nature. Febuxostat at lower than the therapeutic dose did not prevent nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity caused by diclofenac leading to visceral gout. Febuxostat control III and febuxostat (medium and high dose) treated groups V and VI did not reveal any pathomorphological changes. Judicious use of febuxostat is safe in poultry birds between the limit of 4 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg

scholarly journals Dose-dependent effects of adalimumab in neonatal rats with hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced intestinal damage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil Kocamaz ◽  
Özmert MA Özdemir ◽  
Nilay Şen Türk ◽  
Yaşar Enli ◽  
Barbaros Şahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Intestinal Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has an important role in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced intestinal damage. It was shown that blocking TNF-α with infliximab has beneficial effects on experimental necrotizing enterocolitis and hypoxic intestinal injury. However, there is no data about the effect of adalimumab on H/R-induced intestinal damage. Therefore, we aimed to determine potential dose-dependent benefits of adalimumab in such damage in neonatal rats. Wistar albino rat pups were assigned to one of the four groups: control group, hypoxia group, low-dose adalimumab (5 mg/kg/day) treated group (LDAT), and high-dose adalimumab (50 mg/kg/day) treated group (HDAT). On the fourth day of the experiment, all rats except for the control group were exposed to H/R followed by euthanasia. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), TNF-α, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant capacity (TOC) were measured in intestinal tissue. TAC and TOC values were used to calculate the oxidative stress index (OSI). Histopathological injury scores (HIS) were also evaluated in the tissue samples. MDA levels were significantly lower in the LDAT and HDAT groups (p < 0.001). TNF-α levels were significantly lower in the LDAT group (p < 0.001). OSI was significantly higher in the H/R group than in the control and LDAT groups (p < 0.001). Mean HIS values in the LDAT group were significantly lower than those in the H/R and HDAT groups (p < 0.001). This experimental study showed that low-dose adalimumab appears to have a beneficial effect on intestinal injury induced with H/R in neonatal rats.

Ro 44-9883, a New Non-Peptidic GPIIb-GPIIIa Antagonist Prevents Platelet Loss in a Guinea Pig Model of Extracorporeal Circulation

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (05) ◽  
pp. 817-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-P Carteaux ◽  
Beat Steiner ◽  
Sébastien Roux
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Contact Activation

SummaryExtensive contact between blood and artificial surfaces causes platelet activation and depletion. The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of Ro 44-9883, a potent and selective peptidomimetic GPIIb-IIIa antagonist, in preventing platelet loss in guinea pigs undergoing extracorporeal circulation (ECC) with bubble oxygenation. In 15 guinea pigs, an arterio-arterial shunt was created and perfused for 1 h from the aortic arch to the descending aorta. The guinea pigs were divided into three groups: A control group receiving only heparin as an i.v. bolus, a low dose-treated group and a high dose-treated group receiving in addition to heparin and before starting ECC, 1 or 7 mg/kg Ro 449883 as an i.v. bolus, respectively. In the control group, the platelet count at 30 and 60 min of ECC was dramatically decreased (35 ± 4% and 25 ± 3% of initial value). In the low dose-treated group, Ro 44-9883 partially prevented the drop in platelet count (69 ± 8% and 54 ± 9%; p <0.05) whereas in the high dose-treated group, the platelet count was normal at 30 min (97 ± 8%) and only slightly decreased at 60 min (80 ± 7%). Mean arterial pressure and hematocrit were not significantly different between groups during the experiment. We conclude that i) ECC in guinea pigs provides an interesting in-vivo model for studying platelet loss by contact activation and ii) Ro 44-9883 prevents platelet loss during ECC in a dose dependent manner.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Property of the Egyptian Propolis Extract Versus Aluminum Silicate Intoxication on a Rat’s Lung: Histopathological Studies

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 5821
Author(s):  
Ali H. Abu Almaaty ◽  
Yasmin M. Abd El-Aziz ◽  
Nahed A. Omar ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdeen ◽  
Hala Afifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Propolis Extract

In this study, we evaluated the inflammatory responses induced by aluminum silicate (AS) cytotoxicity in rat lungs. The prophylactic effect of propolis extract was evaluated in 60 adult male albino rats. The rats were divided into six groups: (1) a normal, healthy control group; (2) a normal group fed with 200 mL of propolis extract/Kg; (3) a low-dose positive control group injected with 5 mg/kg of AS; (4) a treated group given propolis and a low dose of AS; (5) a high-dose positive control group injected with 20 mg/kg of AS; and (6) a treated group given propolis with a high-dose of AS. At the end of the two-month experiment, the rats’ lungs were removed. For each pair of lungs, one portion was subjected to biochemical analysis and the other underwent hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining in order to study its histology. The rats that received AS doses displayed significant disorders in their antioxidant contents as well as in their enzymatic activities and their histopathological structures revealed severe damage to their lung tissues. Upon the rats being treated with propolis, the enzymatic and antioxidant contents improved and partial improvements in the lung structures appeared, including minimized congestion, a reduced hemorrhage of blood vessels and preserved bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli. The prophylactic effectiveness of propolis extract on the cytotoxicity of AS, owing to the antioxidant properties of propolis, were studied.

Protective Effects of Flavonoids from Lotus Leaf against Exercise-Induced Oxidant Stress in Muscle of Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 1089-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Lotus Leaf ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Different Doses

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of flavonoids from Lotus leaf (FFL) on exercise-induced oxidant stress in mice. 32 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, FLL low dose treated group, FLL middle dose treated group and FLL high dose treated group. The control group was given distilled water and the treated groups were given different doses of FLL (50, 100, 150 mg/kg) by gavage once a day for 28 days. 28 day later, mice were made to swim until being exhausted, and exhaustive swimming time, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in muscle were measured. The data showed that that FFL increase the exhaustive swimming time and could elevate the exercise tolerance, as well as decrease the MDA levels, increase SOD and GSH-Px activities in muscle of mice. These results indicated that FFL has a protective effect against exercise-induced oxidative stress.

Hypochlorous Acid Versus Saline Nasal Irrigation in Allergic Rhinitis: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 194589242110294
Author(s):  
Ho Chan Kim ◽  
Dong-Kyu Kim ◽  
Ji Sun Kim ◽  
Ho Jun Lee ◽  
Mi Rye Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Hypochlorous Acid ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Nasal Irrigation ◽  
Before And After

Background Low concentrations of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) have proven antipruritic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects without toxicity, although the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of HOCl nasal irrigation to reduce allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms compared with saline nasal irrigation. Methods This was multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Initially, 139 patients with perennial AR were enrolled; however, 25 did not successfully complete the study. Patients were randomly assigned to the nasal irrigation with low-concentration HOCl (n = 55) or normal saline (n = 59) treatment groups for the 4-week study period. Participants completed the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) at every visit (baseline, Weeks 2 and 4), and Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) was determined before and after nasal irrigation every morning and evening. Results We found that RQLQ scores significantly decreased after 4 weeks in the HOCl and placebo groups, but the decrement of the RQLQ score was similar between the 2 groups. Additionally, TNSS improved in both groups between baseline and Week 4, whereas there were no significant differences in the change of TNSS between the 2 groups. The HOCl group did not show any clinical side effects related to nasal irrigation. Conclusion Allergic symptoms significantly decreased with low-concentration HOCl nasal irrigation, without significant adverse events. However, HOCl showed no additional improvement in symptoms compared with saline nasal irrigation for patients with perennial AR.

Effects of quercetin on cadmium-induced toxicity in rat urine using metabonomics techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-536
Author(s):  
Y Liu ◽  
X Zhang ◽  
T Guan ◽  
S Jia ◽  
Y Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rat Urine ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Liver And Kidney

This study aimed to analyse the protective effects of quercetin on the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) using metabonomics techniques. Sixty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups ( n = 10): control group (C), low-dose quercetin-treated group (Q1; 10 mg/kg bw/day), high-dose quercetin-treated group (Q2; 50 mg/kg bw/day), Cd-treated group (D; 4.89 mg/kg bw/day), low-dose quercetin plus Cd-treated group (DQ1) and high-dose quercetin plus Cd-treated group (DQ2). The rats continuously received quercetin and Cd via gavage and drinking water for 12 weeks, respectively. The rat urine samples were collected for metabonomics analysis. Finally, 10 metabolites were identified via the metabonomics profiles of the rat urine samples. Compared with the control group, the intensities of taurine, phosphocreatine, l-carnitine and uric acid were significantly decreased ( p < 0.01) and those of LysoPC (18: 2 (9Z, 12Z)), guanidinosuccinic acid, dopamine, 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2(2′-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman and allantoic acid were significantly increased ( p < 0.01) in the Cd-treated group. However, the intensities of the aforementioned metabolites had restorative changes in the high-dose quercetin plus Cd-treated groups unlike those in Cd-treated group ( p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Results indicated that quercetin exerts protective effects on Cd-induced toxicity by regulating energy and lipid metabolism, enhancing the antioxidant defence system and protecting liver and kidney function and so on.

scholarly journals Proanthocyanidin from Grape Seed Extracts Protects Indomethacin-Induced Small Intestinal Mucosal Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae Young Cheung ◽  
Jin Il Kim ◽  
Soo-Heon Park ◽  
Jae Kwang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Small Intestinal Injury ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury ◽  
Small Intestinal

Proanthocyanidin (grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts, GSPEs) is an antioxidant and scavenges free radicals. Excessive oxidative stress and free radical production are major components in the pathogenesis of NSAID-induced small intestinal injury. We investigated the effect of GSPEs on indomethacin-induced intestinal mucosal injury in the rat. Rats were allocated into four groups: the null control group, the indomethacin control group, the low-dose GSPEs group, and the high-dose GSPEs group. GSPEs were administered for 4 days. Then indomethacin and GSPEs were coadministered for the following 2 days by oral route. The dose of indomethacin was 200 mg/Kg. The doses of GSPEs were 100 mg/Kg for low-dose group and 300 mg/Kg for high-dose group. Luminal bleeding was solely observed in one of 5 rats from indomethacin control group. The number of ulcer count was reduced to 0.1 ± 0.3 per rat in GSPEs treated group compared to 1.4 ± 0.5 per rat in indomethacin control group. Submucosal inflammatory cell infiltration was also reduced to 50% in GSPEs treated group. The tissue level of prostaglandin E2was not affected by GSPEs treatment. GSPEs attenuated the indomethacin-induced small intestinal injury irrespective of the tissue PGE2depletion and glutathione consumption.

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