scholarly journals Comparison the Strength of Midship Structures With Margin Plate and Without Margin Plate

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Andi Ardianti ◽  
Rosmani Munandar ◽  
Haryono Haryono ◽  
Ganding Sitepu ◽  
Hamzah Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Load ◽  
Bottom Plate ◽  
Ship Model ◽  
Maximum Moment ◽  
Longitudinal Strength ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Moment Load ◽  
The Right ◽  
Frame Construction ◽  
Load Conditions

Margin plate is a part of bottom construction that joint the floor and frame construction of the ship, so the inner bottom plate will be installed cut off on the margin plate. Lately the bottom construction of the ship tends not to use the margin plate. The ship is currently built with an inner bottom plate continuously from the left side to the right side of the ship.This study aims to determine the transversal and longitudinal strength ratio of ships with and without margin plate. The  analysis was carried out by using Finite Element Method so-called ANSYSTM. The result shows if the loadvariatied 0.2 x maximum load on the calculation of the transverse strength of the ship, the stress value on the ship model with a margin plate was 9.6242 (N/mm2) and on the ship model without margin plate was 8.4739 (N/mm2) under conditions 100%. The results of the comparison due to bottom load averaged 15.82%. The difference in stress due to the effect of deck loads was an average of 13.49% while the effect of side loads was on average 8.74%. The longitudinal strength of the ship was also a varied of every increase of 0.2 x maximum moment with a review point of meeting between bottom plate and bilga plate for the ship model without margin plates using the Multi Point Constraint (MPC) method looking for results in sagging conditions of 12,443 (N / mm2) and the hogging condition was -11.045 (N / mm2) at 100% x maximum moment load conditions. So that  the ship model with a margin plate sagging condition was 23,189 (N / mm2) and hagging condition was  -20,585 (N / mm2). The results showed the stress that occurred in the ship model without using margin plate was better to withstand the transverse and longitudinal strength of the ship compared to the ship model with the margin plate.

scholarly journals Study on Longitudinal Ship Strength Caused by the Placement of Beams and Girders on Upper Deck Side

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Andi Ardianti ◽  
Andi Mursid Nugraha ◽  
Ganding Sitepu ◽  
Hamzah Hamzah ◽  
Ade Khantari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Response ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Ship Model ◽  
Upper Deck ◽  
Deck Plate ◽  
Longitudinal Strength ◽  
Moment Load ◽  
Vertical Bending Moment ◽  
Beams And Girders ◽  
Classification Society

The location of the beam and the deck girder of the ship can be effect on it is strength especially for the longitudinal strength due to the vertical wave bending moment. The objective of this study is to know the structural response of the ship due to vertical bending moment load on hogging and sagging conditions. The analysis is carried out by using Finite Element Method so-called ANSYSTM. The results shows that the stress occurring on the ship model with deck beam above the deck plate is larger than the ship model with deck beam under the deck plate. When the load with the variated of 0.2 x moment of vertical moment load, there is an increase of stress that occurs both on the deck area about 12% while on the bottom area about 0.98%. This study also conducted a stress comparison by using analysis methods with analytical methods. The results show that by the Stress differences that occur in the structure with the longitudinal deck beam and deck girder above are 14.1% on the deck and 7.1 on the bottom. Whereas in the structure with deck longitudinal deck eam and deck girder under there is a difference of 5.7% on the deck area and 3.5% in the bottom area of the ship. The stress that occur in both models have a difference that is not too far away and still under the permisible stress by the classification society so that both can be applied to the construction of a tanker.

Legal Update: North Dakota Supreme Court: Third Edition of Guides is “Most Current”

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
James J. Mangraviti
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Hip Motion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Hip Rotation ◽  
Hip Extension

Abstract The accurate measurement of hip motion is critical when one rates impairments of this joint, makes an initial diagnosis, assesses progression over time, and evaluates treatment outcome. The hip permits all motions typical of a ball-and-socket joint. The hip sacrifices some motion but gains stability and strength. Figures 52 to 54 in AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fourth Edition, illustrate techniques for measuring hip flexion, loss of extension, abduction, adduction, and external and internal rotation. Figure 53 in the AMA Guides, Fourth Edition, illustrates neutral, abducted, and adducted positions of the hip and proper alignment of the goniometer arms, and Figure 52 illustrates use of a goniometer to measure flexion of the right hip. In terms of impairment rating, hip extension (at least any beyond neutral) is irrelevant, and the AMA Guides contains no figures describing its measurement. Figure 54, Measuring Internal and External Hip Rotation, demonstrates proper positioning and measurement techniques for rotary movements of this joint. The difference between measured and actual hip rotation probably is minimal and is irrelevant for impairment rating. The normal internal rotation varies from 30° to 40°, and the external rotation ranges from 40° to 60°.

Implementasi Sistem Informasi Monitoring Pengolahan Data Inventory Gudang Pada PT.Talaga Mulya Indah

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Nurlaila Suci Rahayu Rais ◽  
Dedeh Apriyani ◽  
Gito Gardjito
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Unified Modeling Language ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Unified Modeling ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Monitoring of warehouse inventory data processing is an important thing for companies. PT Talaga mulya indah is still manual using paper media, causing problems that have an effect on existing information, namely: problems with data processing of incoming and outgoing goods. And the difference between data on the amount of stock of goods available with physical data, often occurs inputting data more than once for the same item, searching for available data, and making reports so that it impedes companies in monitoring inventory of existing stock of goods. Which aims to create a system that can provide updated information to facilitate the warehouse admin in making inventory reports, and reduce errors in input by means of integrated control. In this study, the authors used the data collection method used in this analysis using the method of observation, interviews, and literature review (literature study). For analysis using the PIECES analysis method. Furthermore, the system design used is UML (Unified Modeling Language). The results of this study are expected to produce the right data in the process of monitoring inventory data processing, also can provide the right information and make it easier to control the overall availability of goods.

Konsep Pemerintahan Religius dan Demokrasi Menurut Abdul Karim Soroush dan Ayatullah Khomeini

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-473
Author(s):  
M. Heri Fadoil
Keyword(s):  
Religious System ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Ayatollah Khomeini ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Abstract: Abdul Karim Soroush judges that religious rule is incorrect assessment of the application of Islamic jurisprudence. In a religious society, Islamic jurisprudence obtains the right to govern. It is, of course, necessary to establish a kind of Islamic jurisprudence-based religious rule. Soroush firmly rejects it because such interpretation is too narrow. As for democracy, Soroush argues that the system used is not necessarily equal to that of the Western. On the contrary, Ayatollah Khomeini’s thoughts on religious rule are reflected in the so called wilayat al-faqih. It is a religious scholar-based government. Democracy, according to him, is the values of Islam itself, which is able to represent the level of a system to bring to the country’s progress. Principally, there are some similarities between the ideas of Ayatollah Khomeini and those of Abdul Karim Soroush in term of religiosity. They assume that it is able to sustain the religious system of government. The difference between both lies on the application of religiosity itself. Ayatollah Khomeini applies the concept of a religious scholar-based government, while Abdul Karim Soroush rejects the institutionalization of religion in the government or state.Keywords: Governance, democracy, Abdul Karim Soroush, Ayatollah Khomeini

Our Bodies, Whose Property?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

No one wants to be treated like an object, regarded as an item of property, or put up for sale. Yet many people frame personal autonomy in terms of self-ownership, representing themselves as property owners with the right to do as they wish with their bodies. Others do not use the language of property, but are similarly insistent on the rights of free individuals to decide for themselves whether to engage in commercial transactions for sex, reproduction, or organ sales. Drawing on analyses of rape, surrogacy, and markets in human organs, this book challenges notions of freedom based on ownership of our bodies and argues against the normalization of markets in bodily services and parts. The book explores the risks associated with metaphors of property and the reasons why the commodification of the body remains problematic. The book asks what is wrong with thinking of oneself as the owner of one's body? What is wrong with making our bodies available for rent or sale? What, if anything, is the difference between markets in sex, reproduction, or human body parts, and the other markets we commonly applaud? The book contends that body markets occupy the outer edges of a continuum that is, in some way, a feature of all labor markets. But it also emphasizes that we all have bodies, and considers the implications of this otherwise banal fact for equality. Bodies remind us of shared vulnerability, alerting us to the common experience of living as embodied beings in the same world. Examining the complex issue of body exceptionalism, the book demonstrates that treating the body as property makes human equality harder to comprehend.

scholarly journals Sacrificing Oneself or Another: The Difference Between Prescriptive and Normative Judgments in Moral Evaluation

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329411989606
Author(s):  
Štěpán Bahník ◽  
Emir Efendic ◽  
Marek A. Vranka
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Evaluation ◽  
Normative Judgment ◽  
Question Wording ◽  
Judgment Type ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Sacrifice ◽  
Normative Judgments

When asked whether to sacrifice oneself or another person to save others, one might think that people would consider sacrificing themselves rather than someone else as the right and appropriate course of action—thus showing an other-serving bias. So far however, most studies found instances of a self-serving bias—people say they would rather sacrifice others. In three experiments using trolley-like dilemmas, we tested whether an other-serving bias might appear as a function of judgment type. That is, participants were asked to make a prescriptive judgment (whether the described action should or should not be done) or a normative judgment (whether the action is right or wrong). We found that participants exhibited an other-serving bias only when asked whether self- or other-sacrifice is wrong. That is, when the judgment was normative and in a negative frame (in contrast to the positive frame asking whether the sacrifice is right). Otherwise, participants tended to exhibit a self-serving bias; that is, they approved sacrificing others more. The results underscore the importance of question wording and suggest that some effects on moral judgment might depend on the type of judgment.

scholarly journals Changes in Children’s Body Composition and Posture during Puberty Growth

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Wojciech Rusek ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
Justyna Leszczak ◽  
Marzena Adamczyk ◽  
Rafał Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pelvic Obliquity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Older Children ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The main goal of our study was to determine how the age of children, puberty and anthropometric parameters affect the formation of body composition and faulty body posture development in children. The secondary goal was to determine in which body segments abnormalities most often occur and how gender differentiates the occurrence of adverse changes in children’s body posture and body composition during puberty. The study group consisted of 464 schoolchildren aged from 6–16. Body posture was assessed with the Zebris system. The composition of the body mass was tested with Tanita MC 780 MA body mass analyzer and the body height was measured using a portable stadiometer PORTSTAND 210. The participants were further divided due to the age of puberty. Tanner division was adopted. The cut-off age for girls is ≥10 years and for boys it is ≥12 years. The analyses applied descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and the t-test. The accepted level of significance was p < 0.05. The pelvic obliquity was lower in older children (beta = −0.15). We also see that age played a significant role in the difference in the height of the right pelvis (beta = −0.28), and the difference in the height of the right shoulder (beta = 0.23). Regression analysis showed that the content of adipose tissue (FAT%) increased with body mass index (BMI) and decreased with increasing weight, age, and height. Moreover, the FAT% was lower in boys than in girls (beta negative equal to −0.39). It turned out that older children (puberty), had greater asymmetry in the right shoulder blade (p < 0.001) and right shoulder (p = 0.003). On the other hand, younger children (who were still before puberty) had greater anomalies in the left trunk inclination (p = 0.048) as well as in the pelvic obliquity (p = 0.008). Girls in puberty were characterized by greater asymmetry on the right side, including the shoulders (p = 0.001), the scapula (p = 0.001) and the pelvis (p < 0.001). In boys, the problem related only to the asymmetry of the shoulder blades (p < 0.001). Girls were characterized by a greater increase in adipose tissue and boys by muscle tissue. Significant differences also appeared in the body posture of the examined children. Greater asymmetry within scapulas and shoulders were seen in children during puberty. Therefore, a growing child should be closely monitored to protect them from the adverse consequences of poor posture or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body.

scholarly journals Elderly’s preferences towards rehabilitation robot appearance using electroencephalogram signal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Sun ◽  
Wenkui Jin
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Living ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rehabilitation Robots ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Analysis Experiment ◽  
Prefrontal Region ◽  
Important Means ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Robot Appearance ◽  
The Right

AbstractRehabilitation robots are becoming an important means of assisted living for the elderly, and the appearance of rehabilitation robots directly affects the willingness of the elderly to interact with the robots. Much of the current research on robot appearance preferences relies solely on subjective evaluations, which are relatively cheap, but do not reach deep into the brain to get an accurate grasp of how humans respond to robot appearance. Using electroencephalogram signal and questionnaire survey, we studied the preference of the elderly for abstract and figurative robots. The experimental materials are derived from the pictures of 10 robots in the market. The electroencephalogram signal are collected by BrainVision Recorder and processed by BrainVision Analyzer, as well as SPSS statistical analysis. Experiment shows that the peak of figurative robot pictures is higher and the fluctuation is more intense from 350 ms to 600 ms in the central region and the right half of parietal region. While the peak of abstract robot pictures is higher and the fluctuation is more intense in the prefrontal region, and the difference between abstract robot and figurative robot is not obvious in the occipital region. Based on the electroencephalogram signal and experimental results, it provides the possibility for objective preference evaluation of the elderly to the robot designed features.

On Fourier Series in Eigenfunctions of Elliptic Boundary Value Problems

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-410
Author(s):  
M. S. Agranovich ◽  
B. A. Amosov
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Series ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Fourier Coefficients ◽  
Elliptic Boundary ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Adjoint Problem ◽  
Elliptic Boundary Value ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Abstract We consider a general elliptic formally self-adjoint problem in a bounded domain with homogeneous boundary conditions under the assumption that the boundary and coefficients are infinitely smooth. The operator in 𝐿2(Ω) corresponding to this problem has an orthonormal basis {𝑢𝑙} of eigenfunctions, which are infinitely smooth in . However, the system {𝑢𝑙} is not a basis in Sobolev spaces 𝐻𝑡 (Ω) of high order. We note and discuss the following possibility: for an arbitrarily large 𝑡, for each function 𝑢 ∈ 𝐻𝑡 (Ω) one can explicitly construct a function 𝑢0 ∈ 𝐻𝑡 (Ω) such that the Fourier series of the difference 𝑢 – 𝑢0 in the functions 𝑢𝑙 converges to this difference in 𝐻𝑡 (Ω). Moreover, the function 𝑢(𝑥) is viewed as a solution of the corresponding nonhomogeneous elliptic problem and is not assumed to be known a priori; only the right-hand sides of the elliptic equation and the boundary conditions for 𝑢 are assumed to be given. These data are also sufficient for the computation of the Fourier coefficients of 𝑢 – 𝑢0. The function 𝑢0 is obtained by applying some linear operator to these right-hand sides.

Reliability Analysis of Jack-Up Platforms Based on Fatigue Degradation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser Shabakhty ◽  
Pieter van Gelder ◽  
Hotze Boonstra
Keyword(s):  
Service Time ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Fatigue Reliability ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Stress Fluctuation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Jack Up ◽  
Load Conditions

Generally, jack-up structures are used for production drilling and exploration of hydrocarbons. The combination of mobility and the behavior as a fixed structure in operational conditions has made it an important structure in the offshore industry over the last 40 years. When a jack-up structure has been in operation for a great part of its original design-life and intention is there to extend the usage of this structure at a specific location, an investigation on fatigue degradation of the structure is an essential factor that has to be carried out before taking any decision. Fatigue is the process of damage accumulation in material due to stress fluctuation caused by variation of loads in service time. The fatigue failure occurs when accumulated damage has exceeded a critical level. In this paper, the remaining fatigue capacity of the jack-up structure is considered as an indicator for adequate use of the structure. It can be specified based on the difference between design-fatigue and fatigue experienced by the structure. The design-fatigue can be determined based on fluctuation of loads during the lifetime of the structure and experienced fatigue is specified by the load conditions, which the structure has experienced during its service time. When the information on the load conditions which the structure has experienced in its service time is available or known precisely, determination of the remaining fatigue capacity could be carried out by using the Palmgren–Miner’s rule. In practice, uncertainties are present in loads and characteristics of material. Hence it will be reasonable to determine the remaining fatigue reliability of the structure by the reliability methods. In this paper, based on a crack propagation approach and achieved information from inspection, it is shown that the remaining fatigue reliability of jack-up structures could be determined and updated by using a Bayesian procedure in the duration of the service time.

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