Hubungan Depresi dan Sindrom Dispepsia pada Pasien Penderita Keganasan Yang Menjalani Kemoterapi di RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang

AbstrakGangguan psikologi dan sindrom dispepsia (seperti mual dan muntah) merupakan hal yang sering terjadi pada pasien kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan depresi dengan sindrom dispepsia yang terjadi pada pasien keganasan yang menjalani kemoterapi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Didapatkan pasien sebanyak 56 pasien keganasan yang menjalani kemoterapi di bangsal Penyakit Dalam, Bedah dan Obstetri & Ginekologi RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang selama 3 bulan (Desember 2012-Februari 2013). Depresi dinilai dengan wawancara menggunakan kuisioner BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) II. Dispepsia dinilai dengan menggunakan kuisioner pedoman skor dispepsia. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS 17 menggunakan analisis korelasi bivariat Spearman. Koefisien korelasi untuk depresi dan sindrom dispepsia adalah 0,387. Kesimpulan akhir dari penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan yang cukup dan searah (p<0,01) antara depresi dan sindrom dispepsia yang terjadi pada pasien keganasan yang menjalani kemoterapi.Kata kunci: kanker, kemoterapi, depresi, sindrom dispepsiaAbstractPsychological disorders and dyspepsia syndromes (such as nausea and vomiting) is a common thing in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This study aims to examine the relationship of depression with dyspepsia syndrome that occurs in patients with malignancies who are undergoing chemotherapy. Methods this study uses cross-sectional design using questionnaires. Obtained for 56 patients who underwent chemotherapy malignancy patients in wards Internal Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics & Gynecology in Hospital Dr. M. Djamil Padang for 3 months (December 2012-February 2013). Depression was assessed by interview using a questionnaire BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) II. Dyspepsia assessed using questionnaires guidelines dyspepsia score. Data were analyzed with SPSS 17 using bivariate Spearman correlation analysis. The correlation coefficients for depression and dyspepsia syndrome was 0.387. The final conclusion of this study is that there are sufficient and direct relationship (p <0.01) between depression and dyspepsia syndrome that occurs in patients with malignancies who are undergoing chemotherapy.Keywords: cancer, chemotherapy, depression, dyspepsia syndrome

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Hubungan antara viskositas darah dengan hematokrit pada penderita anemia dan orang normal

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.4.1.2016.12485 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Christine S. Agawemu ◽

Jimmy Rumampuk ◽

Maya Moningka

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Blood Viscosity ◽

Cell Mass ◽

P Value ◽

Spearman Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal People ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract: Hematocrit is used to determine the number of red cell mass. Besides that, hematocrit level is used to determine blood viscosity. Inphysics, blood viscosity is expressed as fluid flow resistance which is the friction among the molecules of the liquid. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the viscosity of blood and hematocrit in patients with anemia and in normal people. This was an analytical study with a cross sectional design. Tis study was conducted at the Physics Laboratory Faculty of Medicine University of Sam Ratulangi Manado. Samples consisted of 5 patients with anemia and 5 normal people (without anemia). Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient by using SPSS program. The Spearman correlation coefficient test showed a p value of 0.354 for the relationship of viscosity and hematocrit in normal people, and a p value of 0.175 for the relationship of viscosity and hematocrit in patients with anemia. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between blood viscosity and hematocrit in patients with anemia as well as in normal people. Keywords: blood viscosity, hematocrit, anemia Abstrak: Hematokrit digunakan untuk mengetahui penurunan jumlah massa eritrosit. Selain itu, kadar hematokrit juga digunakan untuk mengetahui kekentalan darah. Kekentalan darah dalam ilmu fisika dinyatakan sebagai tahanan aliran fluida yang merupakan gesekan antara molekul-molekul cairan yang satu dengan yang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara viskositas darah dengan hematokrit pada penderita anemia dan orang normal. Jenis penelitian ini analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di bagian Ilmu Fisika Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 5 penderita anemia dan 5 orang normal (tanpa anemia). Data dianalisis dengan uji koefisien korelasi Spearman menggunakan SPSS. Hasil uji koefisien korelasi Spearman mendapatkan nilai p=0,354 untuk hubungan viskositas dan hematokrit pada orang normal dan p=0,175 untuk hubungan viskositas dan hematokrit pada penderita anemia. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara viskositas darah dan hematokrit pada penderita anemia dan pada orang normal.Kata kunci : viskositas darah, hematokrit, anemia

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The Relationship of Maternal Health Conditions on the Utilization of Maternity Waiting Homes for Maternity Motherhood

Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal ◽

10.33258/bioex.v2i1.129 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 220-230

Author(s):

Zufrizal ◽

Ida Yustina ◽

Asfriyati

Keyword(s):

Maternal Health ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Regional Government ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Government Program ◽

Maternity Waiting Homes ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

North Sumatra

Maternity Waiting Homes is a regional government program that aims to reduce maternal mortality. But in reality, there are still many people who do not utilize this facility. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of maternal health conditions on the utilization of maternity waiting homes for maternity motherhood. This research is an explanatory survey research with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The results showed that there was a relationship between maternal health conditions and the utilization of the maternity waiting house for maternity motherhood in Langkat Regency (p = 0.027).

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Sanitasi Pemukiman pada Masyarakat dengan Riwayat Penyakit Berbasis Lingkungan

Jurnal Kesehatan ◽

10.26630/jk.v11i1.1697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Mei Ahyanti

Keyword(s):

Test Results ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sanitation Facility ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Multistage Sampling ◽

Almost All ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

<p>Environmental-based diseases (PBL) are a health problem and occur in almost all geographical regions in the world. Every year, environment-based diseases are always found and reported to spread evenly at every Puskesmas in Bandar Lampung City. Settlement sanitation is an important aspect directly related to health and society. "Waterborne Disease" disease is still high, proving that there are still sanitation problems in settlements. The study aims to determine the relationship of settlement sanitation with environmental-based diseases in the city of Bandar Lampung. The study used a cross-sectional design, the population is all households in Bandar Lampung City. The sample was 384 respondents, taken randomly using multistage sampling. The results found 14,3% of respondents had a physical component of an unhealthy house, 45,3% of respondents had an unhealthy sanitation facility, 40,1% of the occupants of the house behaved in an unhealthy manner. The test results statistically concluded that there was a significant relationship between settlement sanitation and the incidence of environmental-based diseases.</p>

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HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN MODOINDING

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.3.3.2015.9420 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Vini Maleke ◽

Adrian Umboh ◽

Vivekenanda Pateda

Keyword(s):

Academic Achievement ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Well Being ◽

P Value ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract: Nutrition is needed for growth and development, energy, thinking, and physical well-being. Selection of proper nutrition will optimize growth and brain development. This study aimed to determine the relationship of nutritional status and academic achievement of elementary school students in Modoinding. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional design. The nutritional status was based on BMI value meanwhile the academic achievement was based on school reports. Samples were 114 students. Data were analyzed by using univariate and bivariate analyses as well as ANOVA F test. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between nutritional status and academic achievement with a p value = 0.792. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between nutritional status and academic achievement among the elementary students in Modoinding.Keywords: nutritional status, achievementAbstrak: Gizi dibutuhkan anak sekolah untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, energi, berpikir, serta daya tahan tubuh. Gizi yang berkualitas akan mengoptimalisasikan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi dan prestasi belajar siswa Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Modoinding. Penelitian ini bersifat dekriptif analitik dengan desain potong litang. Status gizi dan prestasi dilihat berdasarkan nilai IMT dan hasil rapor. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 114 siswa. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji anova F. Hasil analisis data memperlihatkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara status gizi dan prestasi belajar siswa dengan nilai p = 0,792. Simpulan: Pada siswa Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Modoinding tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara status gizi dan prestasi belajar.Kata kunci: status gizi, prestasi

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Hygienic and Healthy Lifestyle in the Urban Village of Rangkah Surabaya

Jurnal PROMKES ◽

10.20473/jpk.v8.i1.2020.47-58 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Puput Dwi Cahya Ambar Wati ◽

Ilham Akhsanu Ridlo

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Research ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knowledge Variable ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Attitude Variable

Background: The Surabaya City Health Office report showed, the coverage of hygienic and healthy lifestyle in 2016 was 75.07%. In Rangkah Village, a total of 2,770 (11.84%) out of 23,390 families were monitored, and as many as 1,552 of them (56.03%) had applied hygienic and healthy lifestyle. Objective: This study identified the relationship between knowledge and attitude with the implementation of clean and healthy lifestyle in Rangkah Village. Method: This study deployed quantitative research with a cross-sectional design. As many as 249 people became the sample selected by using the cluster random sampling. The independent variables were knowledge of and attitudes towards hygienic and healthy lifestyle, while the dependent variable was hygiene and healthy lifestyle. The data were then processed with SPSS to identify whether there is a relationship among the variables observed. Results: Knowledge variable obtained P value of 0.014<α (0.05), meaning there is a relationship of knowledge with hygienic and healthy lifestyle. While attitude variable had P value of 0.082>α (0.05), suggesting that there is no relationship of attitudes with hygienic and healthy lifestyle. Conclusion: One of the factors which greatly influences hygienic and healthy lifestyle in the familiesis knowledge.

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Relationship Of Characteristic and Status of Central Obesity with The Prevalence Of Hypertension

Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi ◽

10.20473/jbe.v6i12018.57-66 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Desy Desy Amanda ◽

Santi Martini

Keyword(s):

Central Obesity ◽

Test Results ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gender Status ◽

The Status ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRAKSeseorang dengan kelebihan berat badan dan hiperkolesterol memiliki risiko mengalami penyakit hipertensi lebih besar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik dan status obesitas sentral dengan kejadian hipertensi di Puskesmas Sidoarjo. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan observasional analitik dengan rancang bangun penelitian cross sectional. Besar sampel sebanyak 50 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara convenience atau accidental sampling. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini yaitu karakteristik responden dan status obesitas sentral. Variabel dependen yaitu hipertensi. Karakteristik umur responden penderita hipertensi terdiri dari dua kategori yaitu umur >59 tahun dan <59 tahun. Jenis kelamin responden terdiri dari dua kategori yaitu laki-laki dan perempuan. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penderita hipertensi dengan obesitas sentral memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami hipertensi dibandingkan penderita yang normal dan kelompok umur >59 tahun jenis kelamin laki-laki merupakan faktor yang paling dominan dalam penelitian ini. Ada hubungan antara umur dengan kejadian hipertensi (p = 0,000), jenis kelamin dengan kejadian hipertensi (p = 0,044) dan status obesitas sentral dengan kejadian hipertensi (p = 0,001). Kesimpulan penelitian, terdapat hubungan antara umur, jenis kelamin, dan status obesitas sentral dengan kejadian hipertensi. Saran penelitian, bagi penderita hipertensi sebaiknya melakukan pemeriksaan tekanan darah secara rutin. Kata Kunci: hipertensi, karakteristik, obesitas sentral ABSTRACTA person with overweight and hiperkolesterol have high risk of hypertension. The aim of this research is to analyse the relationship between the characteristic and status of central obesity with the prevalence of hypertension in Sidoarjo. This type of research use analytic observational with cross sectional design. A sample sizes is 50 people. The technique of sampling uses convenience or accidental sampling. Independent variables are characteristics of the respondents and the status of central obesity. The dependent variable is hypertension. The characteristics of the aged respondents divided into two categories there are aged >59 years and <59 years. The gender of respondents were into two categories, namely men and women. Analyzing data using chi square test. Results of research indicates that sufferers of hypertension with Central obesity have a higher risk of experiencing hypertension sufferers than normal and >59 year age group gender the most dominant males in this study. There is a relationship between the age with the prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.000), sex with the genesis of hypertension (p = 0.044) and statuf of central obesity with the prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.001). The conclusions of the research, there is a relationship between age, gender, status of central obesity with the prevalence of hypertension. Suggestion, for patients with hypertension should check a blood pressure regularly. Keywords: hypertension, characteristics, central obesity

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Hubungan usia waktu menikah dengan kejadian kekerasan pada anak di Kota Manado Bulan Oktober 2014 – Oktober 2016

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.4.2.2016.14681 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Gian P.S. Sumayku ◽

Djemi Tomuka ◽

Erwin Kristanto

Keyword(s):

Child Abuse ◽

Child Survival ◽

Sexual Exploitation ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Early Marriage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Marriage Age ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract: Child abuse is all forms of painful treatment physical or emotional, sexual abuse, trafficking, neglect, commercial exploitation including sexual exploitation of children resulting in injury/loss of actual or potential harm to the child's health, child survival, child development or dignity children, conducted in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust, or power. Early marriage can be defined as an inner and outer bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife at a young age/adolescent. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between marriage age and child abuse in Manado. This was a retrospective study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from several sources in Manado from October 2014 to October 2016. The results showed that many cases of child abuse occured with parents at susceptible age of 21-25 years in 8 cases (47.1%), followed by age 31-35 years in 4 cases (23.5%), susceptible age of 26-30 years and >35 years, each in 2 cases (11.8%), and the least at the marriage age of 15-20 years in 1 case (5.88%). Conclusion: Parents/step parents that married at the age of 21-25 years had the higher percentage of child abuse compared to those that maried at the ages of 15-20 years and over 25 years.Keywords: marriage age, child abuse Abstrak: Kekerasan terhadap anak adalah semua bentuk/tindakan perlakuan menyakitkan secara fisik ataupun emosional, penyalahgunaan seksual, trafiking, penelantaran, eksploitasi komersial termasuk eksploitasi seksual komersial anak yang mengakibatkan cidera/kerugian nyata ataupun potensial terhadap kesehatan anak, kelangsungan hidup anak, tumbuh kembang anak atau martabat anak, yang dilakukan dalam konteks hubungan tanggung jawab, kepercayaan atau kekuasaan. Perkawinan usia muda dapat didefenisikan sebagai ikatan lahir batin antara seorang pria dengan wanita sebagai suami istri pada usia yang masih muda/remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan usia waktu menikah dengan kekerasan pada anak di Kota Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari RS Bhayangkara, Polresta Manado, dan BKKBN Manado. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan kasus kekerasan pada anak banyak terjadi pada usia 21-25 tahun yang berjumlah 8 kasus (47,1%), diikuti usia 31-35 tahun yang berjumlah 4 kasus (23,5%), usia 26-30 tahun dan >35 tahun masing-masing berjumlah 2 kasus (11,8%), dan yang paling sedikit pada usia waktu menikah 15-20 tahun berjumlah 1 kasus se (5,88%). Simpulan: Orang tua kandung/tiri dengan usia waktu menikah 21-25 tahun yang paling banyak melakukan kekerasan pada anak dibandingkan usia waktu menikah dini 15-20 tahun atau usia di atas 25 tahun. Kata kunci: usia menikah, kekerasan pada anak

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HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN LANSIA TERHADAP PENATALAKSANAAN HIPERTENSI

JURNAL KEPERAWATAN MUHAMMADIYAH BENGKULU ◽

10.36085/jkmb.v9i2.1991 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 10-18

Author(s):

Anitha Anitha

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Statistical Test ◽

P Value ◽

Knowledge Level ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Hypertension is commonly occurred by a number of elderly and adversely affects vital organs such as the heart and kidneys so that it can cause death. Deaths by hypertension can be prevented and treated by treating hypertension. Handling of hypertension is pharmacology handling and non-pharmacology handling. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of knowledge level with the handling of hypertension in the elderly in RT 10 Kelurahan Rawa Buaya. The research design used was cross-sectional design and data were collected using a questionnaire. The sample amounted to 48 respondents and was taken by random sampling. Result of research based on chi-square statistical test, there is a significant correlation between knowledge level with hypertension handling in the elderly (p-value = 0,002). The conclusion of the research shows that there is a correlation between the level of knowledge with the handling of hypertension in the elderly in the RT 10 Kelurahan Rawa Buaya. Suggestions for researchers further expected this research can be a reference and the beginning for much more research about the factors that affect the handling of hypertension in elderlyKeywords: Knowledge, Seniors, Hypertension Handling

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG GIZI DENGAN STATUS GIZI ANAK UMUR 1- 3 TAHUN DI DESA MOPUSI KECAMATAN LOLAYAN KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW INDUK SULAWESI UTARA

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.3.2.2015.8548 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Murty Ekawaty M ◽

Shirley E. S. Kawengian ◽

Nova H. Kapantow

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Maternal Nutrition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the relationship between mothers' knowledge about nutrition and nutritional status of children aged 1-3 years in the Mopusi village, Lolayan Bolang Mongondow Induk. This was an analytical study with a cross sectional design. There were 90 samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected by using anthropometric measurements and questionnaires and then were analyzed by using Spearman's rho test. The results showed that there was 5.6% samples with nutritional status (BMI/A) very thin, 6.7% underweight, normal 68.9%, obese 18.9%. The nutritional status (H/A) of the samples was 38.9% very short, short 12.2 %, 45.6% normal, and tall 3.3%. There was no relationship of nutritional status of children (BMI/A) with mothers’ knowledge about nutrition with ƿ = 0.480 (p <α = 0.05) as well as there was no relationship of nutritional status of children (H/A) with knowledge of maternal nutrition in children aged 1-3 years with ƿ = 0.113 (p <α = 0.05). Conclusion: There was no relationship between nutritional status (BMI/A) as well as (H/A) of children aged 1-3 years with mothers’ knowledge about nutrition in Mopusi village, Lolayan Bolaang Mongondow Induk. Keywords: Nutritional Status, Mother’s Nutritional KnowledgeAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi dengan status gizi anak umur 1-3 tahun di Desa Mopusi Kecamatan Lolayan Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Induk. Rancangan penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan potong lintang. Sampel merupakan bagian dari populasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi berjumlah 90 orang. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran antropometri dan kuesiener pengetahuan dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Spearman’s rho. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan status gizi (IMT/U) yang sangat kurus 5,6%, kurus 6,7%, normal 68,9%, dan obes 18,9%. Status gizi (TB/U) yang sangat pendek 38,9%, pendek 12,2%, normal 45,6%, dan tinggi 3,3%. Pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi dengan kategori baik sebanyak 12,2%, cukup 42,2 %, dan kurang 45,5%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan status gizi (IMT/U) dan pengetahuan gizi ibu dengan anak umur 1-3 tahun, nilai ƿ = 0,480 (p<α=0,05), dan tidak terdapat hubungan status gizi (TB/U) dan pengetahuan gizi ibu pada anak umur 1-3 tahun, nilai ƿ = 0,113 (p<α=0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara status gizi (IMT/U) dan (TB/U) dengan pengetahuan gizi ibu dengan anak umur 1-3 tahun di Desa Mopusi Kecamatan Lolayan Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Induk.Kata kunci: status gizi, pengetahuan gizi ibu

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HUBUNGAN LAMA KERJA DENGAN PAPARAN TIMBAL (PB) DALAM URINE PADA OPERATOR PERCETAKAN DI PT MANADO PERSADA MADANI

Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan ◽

10.47718/jkl.v9i2.672 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 93-99

Author(s):

Abraham Momongan ◽

Agus Rokot ◽

Agnes T. Watung

Keyword(s):

Significant Relationship ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Sampling Techniques ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Natural Processes ◽

Work Duration ◽

Lead Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal that is naturally present in the earth’s crust and is spread through natural processes and comes from various human activities.Increased levels of Pb in the air as well as the working enviroment and industrial waste that uses Pb. Printing operators or employees are one of the groups exposed to lead (Pb). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of work duration with lead exposure (Pb) in urine on printing operator at PT Manado Persada Madani. This research is a quantitative study using observational analytic methods with cross sectional design. The sample in this study were all workers who served as printing operators, in sampling using cluster sampling techniques as many as 13 people by using two treatment of sampling namely before work and after work.Bivariate analysis research results were analyzed using the non parametric correlations test proving that there is a significant relationship between length of work with lead levels in printing operators with a correlation value = 0,852 with a strong correlation category. Statistically prove that there is a significant relationship between the length of work with lead levels in urine in printing operators who obtain P = 1,000 values.

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