scholarly journals Tragedy of the civilian population in the encirclement of the 2nd Shock Army: the experience of pilot work as the evidence of Nazi crimes in the occupied territories

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-85
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Aleksandrovna Smirnova ◽  
Sergei Aleksandrovich Machinskii
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Novgorod Oblast ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Pilot Work ◽  
Senior Population ◽  
Mass Shooting ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Village

The object of this research is the destruction of civilian population that fell into the encirclement of the 2nd Shock Army during the Lyuban offensive operation of aimed at relieving the siege of Leningrad. The relevance of the topic of the tragedy of civilian population is substantiated by the the need to recognize extermination and genocide of USSR population during the Great Patriotic War on the international level, due to initiation by the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation of a criminal case on the genocide of USSR population by the Nazi and their accomplices.. This requires the search community to be directly involved and document the results of pilot work and discovered information on the destroyed civilians. The authors indicate insufficient coverage of the tragedy of civilian population in comparison with the study of the fate of army and military personnel. The facts of the genocide of civilians – children, women, and senior population – were established in the course of pilot work. The article describes the experience of finding a previously unknown place of mass shooting of the dwellers of the Village of Vditsko of Novgorod Oblast, during search operations; as well as discloses the information about the factors and circumstances of destruction of the civilians based on pilot work, exhumation, reminiscences of the locals, and archival materials.

scholarly journals Saving books during the Great Patriotic War: Stories of forgotten heroes

2017 ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
Alexander Mazuritsky
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
The Third ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Third World ◽  
War Stories ◽  
Culture Education

In his essay on librarians’ saving library books on the USSR’s occupied territories in the Russian Federation, Belorussia, Ukraine during the Great Patriotic War (WW2), the author emphasizes that there are few document sources on the subject. He presents his own research findings, narrates on the stories of characters after the Great Patriotic War. The paper is based on the lecture delivered at the Third World Professional Forum “The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations” - “Crimea-2017”.

scholarly journals Creeping occupation of Georgian territories and Russian aggression against Georgians living in occupied territories

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Valery Modebadze
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
International Norms ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
South Ossetia ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article describes the creeping occupation of Georgian territories and Russian aggression against the local civilian population. It explains in detail how Russia violates international norms and rules and treats the civilian population in the occupied territories of Georgia. Since the occupation of the Georgian territories, Russia constantly discriminates against the local Georgian people and treats them very inhumanly. Many Georgian families were forced to abandon Abkhazia and South Ossetia due to this inhuman treatment. The legal status of Georgians living in the occupied territories considerably worsened after the Russian Federation signed a treaty on “alliance and strategic partnership” with Abkhazia and South Ossetia. As time passes, Russia is creating more obstacles and problems for local Georgian people and treats them very inhumanly. Georgians living in the occupied territories are deprived of all human rights and are treated as second-rate citizens by puppet regimes in Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Georgian people living close to the occupation line also face enormous problems due to the creeping annexation of Georgian territories. Russian Federation tries to expand the boundaries of South Ossetia at the expense of Georgian lands. As a result of this creeping occupation local Georgian people living close to the occupied territories constantly lose their vital agricultural lands, which are the only source of income for them.

THE EFFECT OF THE RELIGIOUS FACTOR ON THE MILITARY MEN VALUE BASED ORIENTATION FORMING

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
ALEXEY ROMAKHIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Religious Factor ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Military

This article reveals the problem of the role of the religious factor in the formation of the value orientations of the military personnel of the Russian army from its inception to the present state. In the article, the author reveals the significance of the Church in the formation of the value orientations of military personnel. The problem of religious situation in foreign armies is considered. The article presents data from sociological studies confirming the increase in the number of religious servicemen in the modern Armed Forces. The concept of “religious factor” is revealed. The author suggests considering the influence of the religious factor on the formation of value orientations through the functions of religion. The article provides examples of the influence of religion on the formation of value orientations of military personnel from the time of the Baptism of Russia to the present. Examples of writers of Russian classical literature about the influence of religion on the morale of troops are given. Examples of religious participation in major battles and wars of the past years are shown. The significance of the religious factor in uniting the people and the army is shown. The work of officials of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation in strengthening values among military personnel in modern conditions is demonstrated. The role of the Minister of defense of the Russian Federation, General of the army S.K. Shoigu in strengthening the faith of the Russian army is outlined. Issues related to the construction of the Main Temple of the Armed Forces and its impact on the public masses were discussed. In this study, the author aims to show the significant role of religion in the formation of value orientations in Russian military personnel. The analysis shows an increasing role of religion in the minds of military personnel in modern conditions.

Collected Documents on the History of the Pskov Orthodox Mission: A Recent Publication

2018 ◽  
pp. 306-312
Author(s):  
Veniamin F. Zima ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
Underground Resistance ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Church ◽  
Insight Into

The reviewed work is devoted to a significant, and yet little-studied in both national and foreign scholarship, issue of the clergy interactions with German occupational authorities on the territory of the USSR in the days of the Great Patriotic War. It introduces into scientific use historically significant complex of documents (1941-1945) from the archive of the Office of the Metropolitan Sergius (Voskresensky) of Vilnius and Lithuania, patriarchal exarch in Latvia and Estonia, and also records from the investigatory records on charges against clergy and employees concerned in the activities of the Pskov Orthodox Mission (1944-1990). Documents included in the publication are stored in the archives of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Estonia, Lithuania, Leningrad, Novgorod, and Pskov regions. They allow some insight into nature, forms, and methods of the Nazi occupational regime policies in the conquered territories (including policies towards the Church). The documents capture religious policies of the Nazis and inner life of the exarchate, describe actual situation of population and clergy, management activities and counterinsurgency on the occupied territories. The documents bring to light connections between the exarchate and German counterintelligence and reveal the nature of political police work with informants. They capture the political mood of population and prisoners of war. There is information on participants of partisan movement and underground resistance, on communication net between the patriarchal exarchate in the Baltic states and the German counterintelligence. Reports and dispatches of the clergy in the pay of the Nazis addressed to the Metropolitan Sergius (Voskresensky) contain detailed activity reports. Investigatory records contain important biographical information and personal data on the collaborators. Most of the documents, being classified, have never been published before.

Issues of medical examination and selection of citizens for military service under a contract in Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

2022 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Kuzmin ◽  
◽  
Lyubov Kuzminichna Grigorieva ◽  
Margarita Vadimovna Mirzaeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Stage System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military ◽  
Selection Of

In the context of the reform of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and a significant increase in the proportion of military personnel doing military service under contract, the issues of manning the troops with healthy, physically developed citizens with high moral and business qualities are of paramount importance. Of particular importance in the selection of candidates for military service under the contract is the conduct of laboratory and instrumental studies, professional and psychological selection, determination of the level of citizens’ physical fitness. The Federal Law «On Military Duty and Military Service» defines a two-stage system for medical examination of citizens entering military service under contract, which is necessary as a barrier in order to prevent citizenswho do not meet the necessary requirements for military personnel from entering the Russian Armed Forces. At the first stage (preliminary examination), the military and medical examination of citizens was carried out by specialist doctors working in medical organizations of the outpatient-polyclinic link of municipalities at the place of citizens’ permanent residence. Medical specialists of the regular military medical commission of the military commissariat of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation participated in the second stage (final examination) of the military medical examination. During the five-year period under study, 5,133 citizens (72.9 %) were selected out of 7,043 candidates for military service under contract, who fully met all the criteria for defenders of the Fatherland.

scholarly journals “REAR TOMSK ON THE VICTORY MAP” WITH QR CODES AS A NEW PATRIOTIC PROJECT OF TOMSK STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Татьяна Васильевна Галкина
Keyword(s):  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
State Pedagogical ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
First Results ◽  
Augmented Reality Technology ◽  
The Military ◽  
Human Losses

Подведены первые итоги реализации Всероссийского патриотического мегапроекта «Карта Победы – 2025» применительно к г. Томску и Томской области на примере локального патриотического проекта «Тыловой Томск на Карте Победы». Одна из целей проекта – выявление неучтенных потерь мирного населения Томской области в годы Великой Отечественной войны. Впервые в научный оборот введены архивные сведения Департамента записи актов гражданского состояния (ЗАГС) Томской области о количестве записей актов о смерти, зарегистрированных территориальными отделами ЗАГС за период с 1940 по 1945 г. При этом количество человеческих потерь оказалось настолько чудовищным, что сравнимо с военными потерями Томской области за годы Великой Отечественной войны: военных потерь – 60 619 человек, тыловых – 59 159. В свете этих данных представляется необходимым дальнейшее изучение феномена «тыл как социально ответственная территория». Полученные данные открывают новый пласт исторических реалий военного времени в глубоком сибирском тылу, которые необходимо оценивать с позиций нацистского геноцида против народов СССР в годы Великой Отечественной войны. Представлены организационно-педагогические технологии реализации проекта «Тыловой Томск на Карте Победы», содержащего научно-исследовательскую (историческую) и презентационную (с использованием технологии дополненной реальности – QR-кодирования) части. Многоплановость и сложность реализации патриотического проекта по тыловой проблематике являются незаменимым «полигоном» для закрепления профессиональных компетенций будущего учителя-патриота. The article is devoted to the first results of the implementation of the All-Russian Patriotic Mega-Project “Victory Map – 2025” in relation to the city of Tomsk and the Tomsk region on the example of the local patriotic project “Rear Tomsk on the Victory Map”. One of the goals of the project was to identify unaccounted losses of the civilian population of the Tomsk region during the Great Patriotic War. The article for the first time introduces into scientific circulation archival information of the Department of Civil Registration of the Tomsk region on the number of death records registered by the territorial departments of the registry office for the period from 1940 to 1945. At the same time, the number of human losses was so mon strous that it is comparable to the military losses of the Tomsk region during the Great Patriotic War: military losses – 60,619 people, rear losses – 59159 people. In the light of these data, it seems necessary to further study the phenomenon of “rear as a socially responsible territory”. The obtained figures open a new layer of historical realities of wartime in the deep Siberian rear, which was one of the bridgeheads of an invisible, but no less terrible war with huge human losses among the civilian population. The article presents organizational and pedagogical technologies for the implementation of the project “Rear Tomsk on the Victory Map”, containing research (historical) and presentation (using augmented reality technology – QR-coding) parts. The multifaceted and complexity of the implementation of the patriotic project on logistics issues is an indispensable “testing ground” for consolidating the professional competencies of the future patriotic teacher.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Scope of Collaboration in the Days of the Great Patriotic War: A Case-Study of the Smolensk Region

2018 ◽  
pp. 856-866
Author(s):  
Dmitriy E. Komarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Scale Resistance ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
Intense Debate

The article assesses the scope of collaboration in occupied Soviet territories in the days of the Great Patriotic War. This topic is a matter of intense debate in modern Russian scholarship. The most controversial issue is the extent to which Soviet citizens participated in events organized by invaders in occupied territories and the support which local population lent to occupation authorities. The article assesses potential threat of collaborationism in political, as well as economic terms. Having seized the richest and most economically developed regions of the country, the enemy could have significantly strengthened his military potential. National historiography has not yet integrated all data on stratification of local population in their stance toward invaders. It is an extremely difficult task to accomplish nationwide. As occupied territories were culturally, historically and socio-politically heterogeneous, it should be approached by studying republics and regions on a standalone basis. The case-study of the Smolensk region draws on archival materials to determine the share of Soviet citizens cooperating with occupation authorities within the framework of ‘administrative collaboration.’ It concludes that the number of Smolensk families whose members can be classified as ‘administrative collaborators,’ did not exceed 12%, whereas more than 9% of Smolensk families had members who took an active part in the struggle against invaders in the partisan detachments. Thus, the article demonstrates that two extreme irreconcilable phenomena in the occupied territories — collaborationism and partisans movement — were practically in balance. The absolute majority of Smolensk residents (almost 80%) did their utmost to avoid participation in both. Further developments in the Smolensk region proved that their ‘neutrality’ was conditional: the population remained loyal to the Soviet government and formed a social base for large-scale resistance to the occupation policy. Smolensk region became one of the centers of the partisan movement. To a certain extent, Smolensk data can be extrapolated to other western regions of the Russian non-black earth area.

scholarly journals Archive of the Navy — Branch of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation: Stages of History

2018 ◽  
pp. 915-925
Author(s):  
Eduard L. Korshunov ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr I. Rupasov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Records Management ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Commander In Chief ◽  
Central Archive

The article reviews creation of the departmental archive of the National Commissariat of the Navy (1937) and its functioning to this day. ‘The Statute of the Branch of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Archive of Navy)’ was adopted on February 20, 2013. According to this document the Archive of Navy became a subdivision of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense, deployed separately and functioning independently. The departmental archive began its acquisition in September 1940. Satisfactory execution of functions by Archive was impeded by multiple changes in the structure of the Directorate of the Peoples’ Commissariat of the Navy, which complicated processing of documents entering the storage. Tasks of the Archive were reduced to the following: to control files condition and document destruction; to compile lists of documents with terms of their storage; to inspect the state of archiving in the Navy; to advise archives and records management offices of central directorates (departments) of the Peoples’ Commissariat of the Navy on formation and registration of files and their transfer to archive; to enter documents of the central directorates (departments) on storage; to track and safeguard documents. On the eve the Great Patriotic War transfer of document from fleet, flotillas, and naval bases was in its initial stage. The first months of the Great Patriotic War prompted evacuation of archival fonds from Moscow to Ulyanovsk (August 1941). By January 1945 these numbered 26550 files and 1234 bags of unsorted documents. At the end of war the Archive was relocated from Ulyanovsk to Leningrad, and then to Kronstadt (1947). In 1950s the Archive continued moving to new places — to Pushkin, to Leningrad, to Gatchina (1961). The fonds of the Archive store unique documents of the Peoples’ Commissariat and Ministry of the Navy, governing bodies under the Commander-In-Chief of the Navy, research establishments, Navy schools, river flotillas, materials on ships and submarines, air force, marines, coastal and anti-aircraft defense, rear, hydrographic, medical and sanitary, and other services. Of great interest for researchers are documents of the General Staff of the Navy.

scholarly journals The main directions of psychological support for military personnel of special units of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 202-210
Author(s):  
Vladimir Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Psychological Practice ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the problem of psychological support of military personnel of special units of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which is relevant in the context of the new Regulation on the Psychological Service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2021. The content of the main tasks and functions of the psychological service of the Armed Forces is presented. Special attention is paid to the description of psychological support and the specifics of its implementation in the system of personnel work and combat service in the Armed Forces. On the example of psychological support of military personnel of special units, the activities that are aimed at social and psychological adaptation of military personnel; didactic adaptation of military personnel; the possibility of professional self-determination; the opportunity to develop professional skills; correction and improvement of the work of the command staff are identified. The conditions for the implementation of psychological support for military personnel of special units are described. As a result of the study, it is established that during the last decade, the problem of theoretical and methodological justification of psychological support continues to be relevant. At the present stage, "psychological support" is considered as a multi-faceted phenomenon, widely used in various aspects of life. The formation of the conceptual and categorical apparatus is also aimed at improving the legal culture while improving the regulatory legal framework for the departmental psychological practice of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

Effect of the Criminal Law on Military Personnel Who Committed Crimes outside the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
I. А. Kazarinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Units

The effect of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on military units stationed outside the Russian Federation is regulated by part 2 of article 12 of the Criminal Code, the interpretation and application of which causes a number of significant theoretical and applied problems. Based on the analysis of normative acts, international treaties and literary sources the article reveals the model of international legal regulation of responsibility of Russian soldiers; the reis a motion on the harmonization of the international norms which define the conditions of criminal jurisdiction of the Russian Federation in the military; certain private issues ofa pplication of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in a situation when a military person commits a crime outside the Russian Federation are resolved.

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