scholarly journals The problem of collectivization in the western regions of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic within the Soviet historiography

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Kananerova
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ideological Attitudes ◽  
Soviet Historiography

The object of this research is the evolution of Soviet historical paradigm. The subject is the achievements of postwar Soviet historical science in the area of studying collectivization in the western regions of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR). The article presents the research results on collectivization in the western regions of Belarus. Special attention is given to the political factors of development of historical science, the most important of which are the Stalinist course, “Thaw”, Brezhnev's re-Stalinization of the 1970s – 1980s, as well as perestroika. The author of traces the evolution of themes and evaluations in the works of Soviet scholars who dealt with the postwar collectivization in the western regions and republics of the USSR under the influence of political factors. The conclusion is made that the agrarian historiography of collectivization in the western regions of BSSR is often subjective, and interprets the published archival documents and statistical records in the spirit of the official ideological attitudes. The topics related to violations during collectivization, “dekulakization” remained taboo until the period of perestroika, when the change of political conjuncture allowed the historians to examine the previously forbidden topics. Namely this instigated the destruction of the Soviet historical paradigm. The author established that there is a discrepancy between the published official statistics and the conclusions on the nature of collectivization along with “dekulakization” in the western regions of BSSR. The novelty of this work is defined by fact that the analysis of Soviet historical studies is based on the modern historical paradigm and the concept of the scientific school of V. P. Danilov that developed in the post-Soviet historical science in terms of studying collectivization and “dekulakization” of the 1930s.

scholarly journals The Problem of collectivization in Right-Bank Moldova in the Soviet historiography

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Kananerova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Central Committee ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Ideological Attitudes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soviet Historiography

The object of this research is the Soviet historical paradigm in its development. The subject is the achievements of Soviet historians in studying postwar collectivization in Right-bank Moldova. The author dwells on the impact of objective and subjective factors upon the course of historical science during the Soviet period. The article traces the evolution of topics and assessments given in the articles, monographs and collective summary works dedicated to the history of the republic. The novelty of this study is consists in the analysis of the works of Soviet historians from the perspective of modern historical paradigm, which was founded by the scientific school of V. P. Danilov. Examination of the Soviet historiography of collectivization in Right-Bank Moldova allows making the following conclusions: 1) the key problem of Soviet historians consisted in the limited access to archival documents; 2) the agrarian historiography of the problem is often subjective and interprets the information from available archival documents and various statistical records through the prism of generally accepted Soviet ideological attitudes; 3) same as in studying collectivization of the 1920s – 1930s, the topics associated with the violations during collectivization and “dekulakization” remained under the ideological ban; 4) the specificity of historiography of collectivization in Right-Bank Moldova was the significant attention of historians to this problem in the late 1960s – 1970s, which the author believes is associated with L. I. Brezhnev, who was the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the 1951 –1952 and the conventional methods for organizing the collective farms in the republic.

Resettlement Processes in the Ukrainian SSR during the Holodomor (1932–34)

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-99
Author(s):  
Olesia Rozovyk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Power ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Federative Socialist Republic

This article, based on archival documents, reveals resettlement processes in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1932–34, which were conditioned by the repressive policy of the Soviet power. The process of resettlement into those regions of the Soviet Ukraine where the population died from hunger most, and which was approved by the authorities, is described in detail. It is noted that about 90,000 people moved from the northern oblasts of the Ukrainian SSR to the southern part of the republic. About 127,000 people arrived in Soviet Ukraine from the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR) and the western oblasts of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). The material conditions of their residence and the reasons for the return of settlers to their previous places of inhabitance are described. I conclude that the resettlement policy of the authorities during 1932–34 changed the social and national composition of the eastern and southern oblasts of Ukraine.

PARTICIPATION OF UZBEK SOLDIERS IN THE LIBERATION OF THE BALTIC STATES

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Ilkhomjon M. Saidov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Soviet Historiography

The article is devoted to the participation of natives of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in the Baltic operation of 1944. The author states that Soviet historiography did not sufficiently address the problem of participation of individual peoples of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War, and therefore their feat remained undervalued for a long time. More specifically, according to the author, 40–42% of the working age population of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic fought on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. Such figure was typical only for a limited number of countries participating in the anti-fascist coalition. Analyzing the participation of Soviet Uzbekistan citizens in the battles for the Baltic States, the author shows that the 51st and 71st guards rifle divisions, which included many natives of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, were particularly distinguished. Their heroic deeds were noted by the soviet leadership – a number of Uzbek guards were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In addition, Uzbekistanis fought as part of partisan detachments – both in the Baltic States, Belarus, Ukraine, the Western regions of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and Moldova. Many Uzbek partisans were awarded the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War” of I and II degrees.

scholarly journals The All-Buryat Congress for the Spiritual Rebirth and Consolidation of the Nation: Siberian politics in the final year of the USSR

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Melissa Chakars
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
The Political ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
People's Party ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Russian State ◽  
General Goals

This article examines the All-Buryat Congress for the Spiritual Rebirth and Consolidation of the Nation that was held in the Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in February 1991. The congress met to discuss the future of the Buryats, a Mongolian people who live in southeastern Siberia, and to decide on what actions should be taken for the revival, development, and maintenance of their culture. Widespread elections were carried out in the Buryat lands in advance of the congress and voters selected 592 delegates. Delegates also came from other parts of the Soviet Union, as well as from Mongolia and China. Government administrators, Communist Party officials, members of new political parties like the Buryat-Mongolian People’s Party, and non-affiliated individuals shared their ideas and political agendas. Although the congress came to some agreement on the general goals of promoting Buryat traditions, language, religions, and culture, there were disagreements about several of the political and territorial questions. For example, although some delegates hoped for the creation of a larger Buryat territory that would encompass all of Siberia’s Buryats within a future Russian state, others disagreed revealing the tension between the desire to promote ethnic identity and the practical need to consider economic and political issues.

scholarly journals Evolution of “Academic Sector” of Soviet Historical Science in 1920s—1960s.

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-289
Author(s):  
O. V. Metel
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Historical Profile ◽  
Soviet Historiography ◽  
Academic Sector

The evolution of the “academic sector” of Soviet historical science is analyzed, the process ofits formation and subsequent development is considered. The relevance of the study is due to themethodological searches of modern historiography, focused on the study of the internal mechanismsof the development of the research tradition. The author identifies the main stages of building theorganizational structure of the Soviet academic historical science, relying on a wide range of publishedand previously not introduced into circulation of archival documents, as well as taking intoaccount the latest developments of modern historiographers. The author believes that the model oforganizing historical research within the framework of the USSR Academy of Sciences was formedunder the influence of the pre-revolutionary tradition and institutional “experiments” of the first yearsof Soviet power. In the course of the study, the author came to the conclusion that the first stageof the formation of the “academic sector” of Soviet historiography fell on the 1930s and was associatedwith the formation of the “academic center” — the Moscow institutes of the Department of Historyand Philosophy of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the second stage of this process endedin 1950s and assumed the formation of “academic periphery” — institutions of the historical profile of branches, bases and departments of the USSR Academy of Sciences and republican academies of sciences. The author believes that the formation of the “academic sector” took place under the influence of external (political-ideological) and internal (scientific) factors. 

scholarly journals Academic Studies of the Historian Ivan Mikhailovich Ionenko

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
P.S. Kabytov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Problem ◽  
Socialist Revolution ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
State University ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The 1960S

This paper summarizes the life and work of Doctor of History, Professor of Kazan State University Ivan Mikhailovich Ionenko (1913–1989), a Soviet historian and the Honored Scientist of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. A list of sources necessary for reconstructing I.M. Ionenko’s biography was compiled. The stages of his life path were identified. The influence of changes in the historiographic situation of the second half of the 1950s and the discussions held during the 1960s was discussed. I.M. Ionenko’s participation in the activity of the Science Council on the Complex Problem “Great October Socialist Revolution” was analyzed. His role in the establishment and development of the Volga Section of the Science Council and the Regional Association of Agricultural Historians of the Middle Volga Region was shown. The focus of his research regarding the development of agricultural history, the Great Russian Revolution, and the Great Patriotic War was revealed. I.M. Ionenko’s work as the head of the Department of USSR History of Kazan University and as the founder of the scientific school was considered. It was concluded that a thorough analysis of the research activities of I.M. Ionenko, as well as reviews of his works, office documents, memoirs (those of him and his colleagues), and archive may contribute considerably to the study of the scholar’s biography.

scholarly journals «KAZAN MUSEUM HERALD» ON MUSEUM WORK IN TATARSTAN IN THE 1920S

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Kamilla B. Sabitova
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Source Study ◽  
Unique Source

The article is devoted to the consideration of the problems of formation and analysis of the content of one of the first specialised museological periodicals – Kazan Museum Herald, published in 1920-1924. The sources of the research were both the materials of the publication itself and the works of museologists who actively participated in the creation and activities of the journal. The application of methods of source study analysis allowed to consider the main range of problems that worried the museum community in the early 1920s, the directions of museum work that should have been covered in the pages of the publication and, for one reason or another, were not developed, to analyse the subject of publications and reflected in materials of the publication of museum work in different regions of the country. The conclusions of the work emphasise the importance of the publication for the development of museum work in the territory of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the early years of Soviet power, an important place occupied in the journal by materials on the problems of the exposition, research and educational activities of the Central Museum of the TASSR. However, the specifics of the publication was the way the topic went beyond solving exclusively local problems, considering the state of provincial museums in the country, issues of theory and practice of museum work, and problems of protecting monuments. The broad scientific approach of the publication to these problems, attracting to work and publications not only local scientists, museologists, but also art historians and pedagogues made Kazan Museum Herald a unique source on the history of the formation of Soviet museum work.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Details and Factors of 1920s Famine in the Tatar Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
M. A. Akhmetova ◽  
◽  
A. R. Nurutdinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Processing ◽  
The Republic

The year 2020 in the Republic of Tatarstan is declared the year of the 100th anniversary of the formation of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The purpose of the article is a versatile study of archival and record-keeping documents, statistical information and materials of the periodical press, which contribute to the development and arrangement of modern accents and views on the history of the republic. Using the possibilities of scientific work at the intersection of various sciences, the authors of the article have the prospect of an absolutely new approach to the disclosure of the topic being studied. To work with archival documents, the task of statistical and analytical processing of data is set in order to identify significant factors and correlations.

scholarly journals CAUSES OF THE EMERGENCE AND DEMISE OF THE MASSR (MOUNTAINOUS AUTONOMOUS SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.Д. Дзидзоев
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Archival Documents

В статье рассматриваются некоторые дискуссионные вопросы возникновения, развития и распада Горской АССР. Создана уже целая истори- ография, посвященная различным аспектам Горской АССР. Хотя многие иссле- дователи не приходят к единой точке зрения, как по вопросам ее возникновения, так и по причинам ее распада в 1924 г. Автор предлагает свое видение соот- ветствующих процессов на основе всестороннего анализа архивных докумен- тов и исторических источников по этим проблемам. The article discusses certain controversial issues of the origin, development and disintegration of the Mountainous ASSR. An entire historiography devoted to various aspects of the Mountainous ASSR has already been created. Although many researchers do not come to a single point of view, both on the issues of its occurrence and on the reasons of its collapse in 1924. The author makes his explanations on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of archival documents and historical sources on these problems.

Formation of the Healthcare Management System during the Establishment of Belarusian Soviet Statehood (1917–1921)

2020 ◽  
pp. 188-205
Author(s):  
Alexey Kapliev
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Management System ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Government ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Healthcare Management System

The article characterizes the formation of the healthcare management system during the establishment of the Bolsheviks power in Belarus in the 1917–1921s. The prerequisites, conditions and stages of development of the Soviet administrative medical authorities, their structure and competence have been identified on the basis of analysis carried out with the help of archival documents, periodicals of the studied period and personal sources. It is proved that the approval of the Soviet principles of qualification, accessibility and free medical care was complicated by the German-occupated Belarus in 1918 and the adverse epidemiological situation caused by refugees’ migration during the First World War. After the retreat of the German troops the governments of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus and the Soviet Socialist Republic of Lithuania and Belarus formed the People’s Commissariat of Healthcare as a supreme medical management body. However, the permanent changes in the government and its relocation during the advance of Polish troops determined the low efficiency of measures for the public health protection and anti-epidemic activities. In the conditions of disintegration of these state entities, their authorities and executive bodies, the local administrative structures such as provincial and county healthcare departments had acquired a leading role in providing medical care to the population. The final formation of the healthcare management system refers to the end of the hostilities of the Polish-Soviet War, when, along with the restoration of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus, its People’s Commissariat of Healthcare was recreated.

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