scholarly journals Representation of sexuality in Calvin Klein Jeans advertising campaigns (1980–2016): gender approach

Author(s):  
Viktoriya Borisovna Volkova

The subject of this research is the means of representing sexuality in advertising campaigns for Calvin Klein Jeans (1980 – 2016). The object of this research is the use of gender stereotypes (masculinity/femininity) in advertising as a way to manipulate collective consciousness for solution of marketing tasks. The aim of this article consists in determination of advertising strategies of the Calvin Klein brand for the period 1980 – 2016 and the techniques of representation of sexuality for the effective impact of advertising upon the target audience. Analysis is conducted on Calvin Klein Jeans advertising campaigns for the past 40 years by decade, revealing the methods of suggestive effect on the consumer for promoting the product. The main following conclusions were made: 1) selecting provocation as the advertising strategy since 1980 to the present, the Calvin Klein brand employs diverse methods of suggestive effect on the recipient, programming their needs and behavioral attitudes, thereby manipulating collective consciousness; 2) kinesic, proxemic, coloristic, phonatory, and speech means for representation of sexuality testify to the use of gender stereotype (masculinity/femininity) in order to produce effective impact upon the target audience; Calvin Klein Jeans advertising campaigns feature similar strategies for 40 years, which are intended to solve marketing tasks via provocation. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that the identified provocation techniques in Calvin Klein advertisings based on the use of gender stereotypes allowed creating the “portrait” of the brand and tracing the patterns in arrangement of advertising campaigns. The author's special contribution consists in analysis of the means for representation of sexuality used in jeans advertising, techniques influencing the recipient through arbitrary interpretation of gender stereotypes, as well as manipulative methods of creating Calvin Klein PR-campaigns.

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 210-216
Author(s):  
Zabikhat Magomedovna Otsomieva

The subject of this research is the semantics of toponymic lexemes, methods of their formation, semantic relations of nominations in the lexical-thematic group “characteristics of man”, and their propensity to reflect the worldview of the Avar dialect speakers. The goal of this work consists in the analysis of various characteristics of man captured in toponyms, which is expressed in determination of lexical composition of nominations that describe man by certain personality traits, behavior patteerns, appearance, types of activities, property status, etc. The article also reveals the role of units that characterize a person from different perspectives, and reflect certain qualities of a man, which allow depicting his behavior pattern and lifestyle in the toponymy of Gergebilsky, Gumbetovsky, Kazbekovsky, and Khunzakhsky districts of Dagestan. The scientific novelty consists in determination of unites in the toponyms that characterize a person from different perspectives. Analysis is conducted on the Avar toponymic lexicon that reflects various characteristics of man. This work is a valuable and public source for information retrieval and further research within the framework of studying various aspects of the image of man. The author’s special contribution to the research of Avar toponymy lies in determination and systematization of the corresponding lexical-thematic subgroups in the context of broad theme “the characteristics of man" in the indicated dialects.


Author(s):  
Viktoriya Vladimirovna Nomogoeva ◽  
Altyna Munkozhargalovna Shoidonova

The subject of this research is examination of the activity of the Soviet pedagogues in teaching foreign students based on the materials of the Mongolian worker’s faculty. The object of this research is the Soviet-Mongolian cooperation in educational sphere that developed in the 1920s – 1930s. The Mongolian worker’s faculty was formed in Verkhne-Udinsk for teaching Mongolian and Tuvan students. It is noted that the academic staff was represented by the prominent pedagogues of the Buryat ASSR. The teaching of foreign students was carried out within the framework of international cooperation and allowed distributing Soviet ideology. The Mongolian People's Republic and Tuvan People's Republic viewed the USSR as the model for further development. The analysis of activity of the pedagogues of Mongolian worker’s faculty allowed reveals the key vectors of work with foreign students from the Mongolian People's Republic and the Tuvan People's Republic. Besides intense educational and upbringing activity, the teaching staff paid special attention to the adaptation of students and formation of worldview in the spirit of socialist values. The authors’ special contribution lies in determination of the peculiarities of organizing political and educational activity in the institution. The novelty of this consists in examination of the contribution of the pedagogues of the Mongolian worker’s faculty to the establishment of friendly relations with the neighboring states – Mongolia and Tuva.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-570
Author(s):  
İsmailcan DOĞAN

Football is an important sport that today attracts large audiences. Because of this interest in football, this sport has been the subject of academic studies of many disciplines in the Social Sciences. However, it is considered in the context of football sponsorship, especially in public relations, marketing and Communication Studies, and research is carried out on it. As is known, sponsorship activities are an important application used for different goals and goals in communication strategies for businesses. Today, when we examined the areas where businesses will be carried out for sponsorship, sports fields, in these fields, especially football, offering significant opportunities for businesses and is a sport that is effective in reaching their target audience. In this study, the focus was on the dynamics affecting success in sponsorship practices in football for businesses. The main aim of the study is to contribute to the literature by making a conceptual assessment of the main factors affecting success in football sponsorship studies. In this context, the literature review method was used in the study. Businesses that will make it work sponsorship in football as a result of the assessment of the key points that need to be careful: the target audience of the media in determining the interest in football sponsorship activity, which will be the determination of the interest in football, sponsorship or support will be given, which will be supported football club football player's image as a type of activity, and finally discussed and evaluated.


Author(s):  
Shaboldov O.V.

Purpose. The task of this article is to analyze the manifestations of masculinity in A. Harasevych’s poems of of the interwar period by identifying various manifestations of masculinity in the works of the poet, studying their connection with ideological guidelines of A. Harasevych, analysis of the change and evolution of masculine images at different periods of the artist's creative path.Methods. The research uses the following methods: descriptive, historical-biographical, comparative-historical (to compare different types of masculinity), archetypal and textual analysis (determination of the symbolic meaning of artistic images) and elements of masculine studies (study of masculinity as gender, compliance of its manifestations with gender stereotypes in society), stylistic, mythoanalysis, etc.Results. During the research it was revealed that the first period of A. Garasevich's work was marked by the expressive influence of state-building ideas, which were characteristic for the whole «Prague school». The subject of most works of this period is military-historical. Masculinity in them is manifested mainly in the form of hegemonic heroic masculinity, and its ideal carrier is the Warrior. At the second stage, religious motives played an important role in the poet's work. The poet is experiencing a worldview crisis, which is reflected in his works by the crisis of masculinity. Most often it is embodied in the images of a wanderer, a fugitive, whose features are fatigue, helplessness and illness. The last stage of the poet's poetic work is characterized by significant ideological influences of K. Hamsun and F. Nietzsche. There is a certain return to the heroic masculinity of the early works, but such masculinity is asserted not on the battlefield, but by victories over oneself, the element or a wild beast. This is the masculinity of a Nietzschean who hardens the superman in himself, feeling the joy of the process of overcoming. Thus, the concept of masculinity in the works of A. Harasevych has evolved from the romanticized heroic masculinity of the Warrior through the crisis of masculinity to the establishment of a new type of heroic masculinity in peacetime.Conclusions. Studies of gender issues in the works of the representative of the younger generation of the Prague SchoolA. Harasevych allow to form a more complete and holistic picture of this phenomenon and the Ukrainian national myth, an important aspect of which is gender.Key words: gender, gender stereotype, identity crisis, worldview, symbol, vision, archetype, statehood idea. Мета. Метою розвідки є аналіз виявів маскулінності в поетичній творчості А. Гарасевича та їхньої еволюції шляхом ідентифікації різних виявів маскулінності у творах поета; дослідження їхнього зв’язку зі світоглядними ідейними настановами А. Гарасевича; аналізу зміни й розвитку маскулінних образів на різних етапах творчого шляху митця.Методи. Під час дослідження використано такі методи: описовий, історико-біографічний, порівняльно-історичний (для порівняння різних типів маскулінності), архетипний і текстуальний аналіз (визначення символічного значення художніх образів) та елементи маскулінних студій (дослідження маскулінності як ґендеру, відповідності її проявів наявним у суспільстві ґендерним стереотипам), стилістичний, міфоаналіз тощо.Результати. У процесі дослідження виявлено, що перший період творчості А. Гарасевича позначений виразним впливом державницьких ідей, які були характерні для всієї «Празької школи». Тематика більшості творів цього періоду воєнно-історична. Маскулінність у них виявляється переважно у вигляді гегемонної героїчної маскулінності, а її ідеальним носієм є Воїн. На другому етапі важливу роль у творчості поета відіграють релігійні мотиви. Поет переживає світоглядну кризу, що відбивається у його творах кризою маскулінності. Найчастіше вона утілюється в образах мандрівника, утікача, рисами яких є втома, безсилля та хворість. Останній етап поетичної творчості поета характеризується значними світоглядними впливами К. Гамсуна та Ф. Ніцше. Відбувається певне повернення до героїчної маскулінності ранніх творів, але така маскулінність стверджується не на полі бою, а перемогами над собою, стихією чи диким звіром. Це маскулінність ніцшеанця, що гартує в собі надлюдину, відчуваючи радість від самого процесу долання. Отже, концепт маскулінності у творчості А. Гарасевича пройшов еволюцію від романтизованої героїчної маскулінності Воїна через кризу маскулінності до утвердження нового типу героїчної маскулінності мирного часу.Висновки. Дослідження ґендерної проблематики у творчості представника молодшої генерації «Празької школи» А. Гара-севича дозволяють сформувати більш повну й цілісну картину цього феномену та українського національного міфу, важливим аспектом якого є ґендерний.Ключові слова: ґендер, ґендерний стереотип, криза ідентичності, світогляд, символ, візія, архетип, ідея державності.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Nataliya Efremovna Kozyrenko

The subject of this research is the formation of large city planning ensembles in socialist cities during Great Leap Forward of the People’s Republic of China. The object of this research is architecture in the style of Stalin Empire 1950s – 1960s. The author examines the influence of Soviet architecture upon the emergence of Chinese styles, such as “Style 1959” and Communist Art Deco). Special attention is dedicated to stylistic peculiarities of the new architectural objects and Chinese interpretation of the Stalin Empire. In this context, both Chinese and Soviet architects contributed to determination of the architectural trend “Su-style”. The main conclusion lies in the statement that architecture of the Stalin Empire with the elements of classicism became the national style in socialist China. Chinese architects synthesized the new normative aesthetics and discovered new stylistic and imagery resources in architecture. The transition towards holistic Chinese “socialist culture” has not been completed and currently continues.  The author’s special contribution is the research of socialist architecture of Harbin as a continuity of Russian traditions of the early XX century. The novelty of this work is defined by the first ever analysis of stylistic peculiarities of Harbin’s architecture that were built by the projects of Soviet architects.


Author(s):  
Shanisat Magomedovna Gadzhilova

The subject of this research the artistic distinctness of the sonnets by M. Akhmedov in the context of evolution of sonnet genre in modern Avar poetry. The sonnets of M. Akhmedov represent a significant part of his poetic path, and are viewed as a new phenomenon in modern Avar poetry, the origin of which is associated with the works Of R. Gamzatov and M. Abasil. The object of this research is the sonnet genre in Avar literature. The goal consists in determination of the sonnet in multigenre poetry Of Magomed Akhmedov, as well as comprehension of their artistic content and form in conjunction with development of the genre in modern Avar poetry. Special attention is turned to the stages of evolution of the indicated genre in Dagestan, and namely Avar, literature. Emphasis is placed on the artistic distinctness of M. Akhmedov's sonnets, their comparative analysis, imagery structure, and ideological- thematic peculiarities. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that this is first to review M. Akhmedov’s sonnets, which hold a special place in development of the sonnet genre in modern Avar poetry. The acquired results demonstrate that the examination of M. Akhmedov's sonnets allow revealing not only the range of his poetic pursuits, but also richness of the genre system of modern Avar poetry. The sonnets by M. Akhmedov draw attention by synthesizing the old and new traditions of the poet's precursors and contemporaries. The authors’s special contribution is defined by carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the sonnets M. Akhmedov that fill the gap in studying the evolution and development of this genre in particular, and poetry of M. Akhmedov overall.


Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Olesya Ravil'evna Temirshina ◽  
Ol'ga Geral'dovna Belousova ◽  
Oksana Vasil'evna Afanas'eva

The subject of this research is the principles of correlation of onomastic code of the “Poem Without A Hero” with the text frame of its various editions, viewed from the communicative-pragmatic perspective. The object of this research is nine editions of the “Poem Without a Hero” and intertextual references marked within the text frame. The author dwells on such aspects as the interrelation between the literary onomastics and hidden meanings of the poem, transformations of the text frame, methods of “instilling” the authorial meanings to intertextual sources (the works of Byron, Pushkin, and Gumilyov). Special attention is given to projection of the personal myth of Anna Akhmatova, which is traced through the poem, on Western European and Russian literature and the evolution of the text frame. It is demonstrated that the ensemble of epigraphs, which represents an implicit dedication to the poet fallen in disfavor, dissolves leaving imprints in the form of mentioning of Byron and Don Juan in the text of the poem. The main conclusion lies in the establishment of a number of semantic correspondences between the text frame and the historical-cultural halo of names, which on the one hand are associated with the imagery-motif level of a particular poem, while on the other – with personal mythology of the poet. The author’s special contribution to this research lies in outlining the strategies aimed at preservation of special intertextual memory in the names. The novelty consists in determination of the semantic halo of the name, which specifies a range of implicit meanings of the poem. It is revealed that these meanings are “supported” by the corresponding references. Such reminiscences, interweaving into a complex ornamental pattern, on the one side are conceptually programmed by the very structure of the “Poem Without A Hero”, and on the other side, determined biographically.


Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Lidiya Nikolaevna Romanova

The object of this research is the women's poetry of Yakutia of the turn of the XX – XXI centuries. The subject of this research is the evolution of the lyrical poetry book in modern Yakut women's poetry. Works of the two leading lyricists of modernity Natalia Kharlampieva and Olga Koryakina-Umsuura served as the material for this research. Comparative-typological analysis of their works is aimed at determination of genre characteristics of the lyric poetry book and the ensemble unity of the poetry book of various years. The author examines the specificity of the lyric poetry book as a metagenre and its genre characteristics. Special attention is given to the ideological-thematic, architectonic and leitmotif components that unite the works into a single, holistic literary text. The author also explores the problem of formation of the ensemble unity of books of poems within the limits of works of a single author, which unifying principle is a lyrical metaplot that develops from book to book. The lyrical poetry book is presented as a form of authorial self-identification. The main conclusions of consists in determination of specificity of formation of the lyric poetry book and ensemble unity in Yakut women's poetry, its individual authorial and ethnic unique features. The comparative material allows revealing the dominant genre attributes of metagenre formations that imply “novelism” of the entirety of poetry books by Natalia Kharlampieva, and the cyclicity, intertextual coherence of the books by Umsuura. The author’s special contribution consists in elaboration of the methods for analyzing book macrocyclic forms through the prism of their motif-leitmotif systematicity and architectonic completeness. The novelty of this work is defined by the fact that for the first time in Yakut literary studies, Yakut women's lyrics is described as a developing system, aiming for “larger” macro-forms as an opportunity to systemically present the fullness of authorial worldview.


Author(s):  
Ekaterina Vladimirovna Ryabinina ◽  
Ol'ga Ernstovna Ivanova

The subject of this research is the transformation of management of new generation of employees based on meaningfulness as management of organizational event-thinking and personal value of work for the employee. The goal of this research consists in the creation of model for managing Generation Z employees based on meaningfulness (logo management). The author sets a task to substantiate feasibility of the balanced management system of Generation Z employees based on meaningfulness, elaborate the model of logo management for Generation Z employees, determine the sequence and main content of stages in implementation of logo management, as well as rationalize the risks. Special attention is given to ensuring meaningful work of the employees as the value of management. The research methodology is based on pragmatic constructivism, critical analysis, actor approach, stakeholder approach, communicative-pragmatic approach, and method of modeling. The main results of this work consist in elaboration of the model for managing new generation of employees, structured in the target and organizational-activity blocks. The author’s special contribution lies in determination of correlation between organizational event-thinking and management of personal significance (value). The dialectical connection between the understanding of organizational event-meaning and its benefits for the employee manifests in the meaningful work and meaningful collaboration. The results can be used in human resource management in its explication from the resource approach to the person towards the person as a carrier of meaningfulness. The scientific novelty is defined by the following: development of the model for managing Generation Z employees based on meaningfulness is aimed at achieving organizational goals, while pursuing personal benefits. The conclusion is made on feasibility of a balanced logo management of the Generation Z employees formalized in the indicated model. The author outlines the risks of implementation of logo management model.


Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Svetlana Dmitrievna Snigireva

The subject of this research is the idea of acceptance of suffering described in the works Of F. M. Dostoevsky, and its correlation with the theme of unorthodox religious movements and the myth on earth. The object of this research is the works of F. M. Dostoevsky (“The House of the Dead”, “Crime and Punishment”, “Demons”, “The Brothers Karamazov”) along with preliminary materials, as well as articles from the periodicals dedicated to old believers and sectarianism (“Double-believers of the Holy Rus'” by V. I. Kelsiyev, “Secret Sects" and “White Doves” by P. I. Melnikov,”Zemstvo and Schism. Runners”, “Mentality of the Russian Schism” by A. P. Shchapov). The goal of this research consists in determination of correlation of the idea of acceptance of suffering in Dostoevsky's works with the theme of schism and the myth on earth. The scientific novelty lies in analysis of mythologization mechanisms of the category of earth and the image of Russian people in the writings of F. M. Dostoevsky, associated with the idea of acceptance of suffering that takes its roots in the schism. The author’s special contribution lies in identification of correlation between motifs and images from of the novel “Demons” and sectarianism. The conclusion is made that voluntary acceptance of suffering, associated with the religious context, namely with the idea of accepting suffering for the faith inherent to old believers, is reflected in “The House of the Dead” and “Crime and Punishment”. Beginning with the first novel of “Samaritan Pentateuch”, this motif, entailing with a special for Dostoyevsky mythologem of earth, is implemented in the context of the idea of humanity’s guilt before nature and mankind, and the need for its redemption through suffering. The idea of suffering, essential for salvation of the soul and regaining of the lost faith is also closely related to the ideology of nativism, since it is conveyed to the “out of touch” atheists by the representatives of common people.


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