scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Patterns and Spillover Effects of Water Footprint Economic Benefits in the Poyang Lake City Group, Jiangxi

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Mianhao Hu ◽  
Juhong Yuan ◽  
La Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Footprint ◽  
Poyang Lake ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Lake City ◽  
City Group

scholarly journals Risk and Impact Assessment of Dams in the Contiguous United States Using the 2018 National Inventory of Dams Database

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Junho Song ◽  
Madden Sciubba ◽  
Jonghun Kam
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Hazard Potential ◽  
Significant Potential ◽  
National Inventory

Aging water infrastructure in the United States (U.S.) is a growing concern. In the U.S., over 90,000 dams were registered in the 2018 National Inventory of Dams (NID) database, and their average age was 57 years old. Here, we aim to assess spatiotemporal patterns of the growth of artificial water storage of the existing dams and their hazard potential and potential economic benefit. In this study, we use more than 70,000 NID-registered dams to assess the cumulative hazard potential of dam failure in terms of the total number and the cumulative maximum storage of dams over the 12 National Weather Service River Forecast Center (RFC) regions. In addition, we also estimate potential economic benefits of the existing dams based on their cumulative storage capacity. Results show that the ratios of the cumulative storage capacity to the long-term averaged precipitation range from 8% (Mid-Atlantic) to 50% (Colorado), indicating the significant anthropogenic contribution to the land surface water budget. We also find that the cumulative storage capacity of the dams with high (probable loss of human life is if the dam fails) and significant (potential economic loss and environmental damage with no probable casualty) hazard potential ranges from 50% (North Central) to 98% (Missouri and Colorado) of the total storage capacity within the corresponding region. Surprisingly, 43% of the dams with either high or significant potential hazards have no Emergency Action Plan. Potential economic benefits from the existing dams range from $0.7 billion (Mid Atlantic) to $15.4 billion (West Gulf). Spatiotemporal patterns of hazard potential and economic benefits from the NID-registered dams indicate a need for the development of region-specific preparation, emergency, and recovery plans for dam failure. This study provides an insight about how big data, such as the NID database, can provide actionable information for community resilience toward a safer and more sustainable environment.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Evolution of Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Transferring via Trade: Influencing Factors and Policy Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangqi Zhong ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Weina Gao
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Factors Influencing

Global climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) from anthropogenic activities have already become the focus of the world. A more systematic and comprehensive analysis on the factors influencing the changes of global GHGs transferring via trade have not been fully discussed. To this end, employing spatial econometric regression models and multi-regional input-output models, this paper reveals factors influencing the GHGs transferring via trade changes in 39 major economies, so as to develop the relevant GHGs reduction policies. The results indicate that regions with the highest net outflow of GHGs transferring via trade are primarily Russia and Canada, and the adverse effects of promoting GHGs reduction on the national economy could be avoided by these regions owing to trade relations. Additionally, factors influencing the changes in GHGs transferring via trade have significant spatial autocorrelation, and population size and energy structure exert significant spatial spillover effects on the changes in the GHGs transferring via trade. On this basis, this paper suggests that one more effective way to prevent trade from the rigorous demands of environmental governance measures while preserving the economic benefits of international trade may be to facilitate cooperation between countries on GHGs mitigation. Further, we articulate more balanced environment governance policies, including conducting the sharing of advanced energy technologies and developing clearer production technologies.

Biochar Utilization in Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone: Chances and Difficulties

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih Chun Kung
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poyang Lake ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Government Subsidy ◽  
Feasible Method ◽  
Gains And Losses ◽  
And Storage

The Poyang Lake Eco-Economics Zone includes 38 counties where 25 relatively poor counties are close to the lake. The country has been helping those rural areas and enhancing farmers’ living standard for many years, however, due to the historical, geographical, climatic reasons, farmers’ living standards do not have significant improvement so far. In addition to government subsidy, another way to enhance farmers’ income is to encourage of bioenergy production in a form of biochar/pyrolysis. Biochar/pyrolysis is a feasible method to produce clean and renewable energy along with substantial environmental and economic benefits such as increase in farmer’s revenue. However, there are also difficulties in its application due to transportation, feedstock collection, and storage. However, there need further investigation to quantify the gains and losses of pyrolysis/biochar technology.

scholarly journals Agricultural Water Management Model Based on Grey Water Footprints under Uncertainty and its Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Song ◽  
Chao Dai ◽  
Qian Tan ◽  
Shan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Grey Water ◽  
Availability Constraints ◽  
Negative Impacts

The grey water footprint theory was introduced into a fractional programming model to alleviate non-point source pollution and increase water-use efficiency through the adjustment of crop planting structure. The interval programming method was also incorporated within the developed framework to handle parametric uncertainties. The objective function of the model was the ratio of economic benefits to grey water footprints from crop production, and the constraints contained water availability constraints, food security constraints, planting area constraints, grey water footprint constraints and non-negative constraints. The model was applied to the Hetao Irrigation District of China. It was found that, based on the data in the year of 2016, the optimal planting plans generated from the developed model would reduce 34,400 m3 of grey water footprints for every 100 million Yuan gained from crops. Under the optimal planting structure, the total grey water footprints would be reduced by 21.9 million m3, the total economic benefits from crops would be increased by 1.138 billion Yuan, and the irrigation water would be saved by 44 million m3. The optimal results could provide decision-makers with agricultural water use plans with reduced negative impacts on the environment and enhanced economic benefits from crops.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal matching characteristics and economic benefits of sectoral water footprint

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1381
Author(s):  
MA Wei-jing ◽  
GENG Bo ◽  
YANG De-wei ◽  
LIU Dan-dan ◽  
XU Ling-xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Footprint ◽  
Economic Benefits

scholarly journals Water Conservation Initiative in a Public School from Tropical Country:  Performance and Sustainability Assessments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarva Mangala Praveena ◽  
Sri Themudu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Existing Building

Abstract Malaysia is a tropical country that gets high rainfall throughout the year that can be utilized for various activities including water conservation. Water conservation initiatives in Malaysia are mainly concentrated in commercial and residential buildings but public buildings such as schools have been underutilized. Thus, this study aims to conduct a water conservation initiative in a primary school in Malacca (Malaysia). Water audit were conducted to identify the highest water usage location and the most suitable water conservation method in a school setting. Lastly, the sustainability performance of the rainwater harvesting system was evaluated via the Sustainable Development Analytical Grid (SDAG) assessment tool. Water footprint findings demonstrated that approximately 60% of total water use was due to toilet use. The rainwater harvesting system was selected as this method enables the use of a renewable source (rainwater) and it conveniently fit with the existing building rooftop and plumbing system to engender high sustainability potential and collaboration opportunities. After several months of operation, environmental, social, and economic benefits were observed. Sustainable assessment has indicated that all the six dimensions were well balanced with scores greater than 50% and continued improvements will increase the project’s sustainability in the future. This study approach is generalizable to any school worldwide with a similar water footprint as a water restoration at both local and global contexts to achieve United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.

scholarly journals Empirical Study of the Impact of Outward Foreign Direct Investment on Water Footprint Benefit in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daxue KAN ◽  
Weichiao HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Outward Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Different Types

How to enhance the water footprint benefit in conjunction with outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) is of great significance to reconcile the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources. This paper examines the effect of OFDI on the water footprint benefit using system GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) on a dynamic panel data. The results revealed that, in general, OFDI was not conducive to enhancing social, spatial, and environmental benefits of China’s water footprint, but was conducive for improving water footprint economic benefits. The results also showed that different types of OFDI exert differential effects on water footprint benefits. Specifically, the market-seeking and resource-seeking types of OFDI are not conducive for enhancing social and spatial benefits of China’s water footprint, but have improved (although not significantly) economic benefits of the water footprint. However, the market-seeking type of OFDI is conducive for improving environmental benefits of the water footprint, while the resource-seeking OFDI is not conducive for improving environmental benefits of the water footprint. In addition, the technology-seeking OFDI is conducive to the social, economic, spatial, and environmental benefits of China’s water footprint. Furthermore, the path-wise OFDI (investing in developing countries) is not conducive to enhancing social, spatial, and environmental benefits of China’s water footprint, but has improved (although not significantly) the economic benefits of China’s water footprint. On the other hand, the inverse OFDI (investing in developed countries) is conducive to China’s water footprint including its social, economic, spatial, and environmental benefits. The findings from this study have relevant policy implications and can help provide some policy prescriptions for an economy such as China to engage in OFDI and enhance water footprint benefits. For instance, in addition to expanding market-seeking and resource- seeking OFDI, China should actively increase the scale of technology-seeking OFDI. In addition, while continuing to expand path-wise OFDI, China should further increase the scale of inverse OFDI. By taking advantage of the complementary and synergetic effects of different types of OFDI, an economy can capture the whole effects of OFDI to reap the water footprint’s full social, economic, spatial, and environmental benefits.

scholarly journals Assessment of water footprint of vegetable crops

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
A. Y. Fedosov ◽  
A. M. Menshikh ◽  
M. I. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Urban Consumption ◽  
Future Population

Relevance. Agricultural production is the main consumer of water. Globally, about 70% of fresh water is annually used for agricultural (food and non-food) production. Nearly 40% of the world's food supply comes from irrigation. Globally, the scarcity of irrigation water due to competition between industry and urban consumption threatens food security. Future population growth, income growth and changes in nutrition are expected to increase demand for water. The rate of warming in Russia since the mid-1970s about 2.5 times the global average. The highest rate of temperature increase occurs at high latitudes. The entire territory of Russia is subject to warming, both as a whole for the year and in all seasons. Water Footprint Accounting (WF), proposed by the Water Footprint Network (WFN), has the potential to provide important information for water management, especially in water-stressed regions that rely on irrigation to meet food needs.Methodology. The purpose of this systematic review was to collate and synthesize available data on global water use in vegetable production. Searched online databases covering the areas of environment, social sciences, public health, nutrition and agriculture: Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, OvidSP MEDLINE, EconLit, OvidSP AGRIS, EBSCO GreenFILE, and OvidSP CAB Abstracts. The search was conducted using predefined search terms that included the concepts of "vegetable crops" and "water footprint".Results. This article provides a brief overview of the vegetable growing water footprint and the sustainability of the blue water footprint. In general, a high green or overall (green + blue) WF may indicate that the vegetable crops are having low yields or inefficient water use. Low green and high blue WF indicate inefficient use of rainwater, which can lead to overexploitation of surface and groundwater. The water footprint can be considered a good economic ergometer, showing the level of water consumption required to obtain a certain vegetable product, whether it brings economic benefits or not, beneficial to society or not.

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