scholarly journals Human development issues in the social and labor sphere of the Russian regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-200
Author(s):  
Galina V. Leonidova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Labor Potential

Today, one of the important factors for the development of the Russian territories is availability of quality human capital, which development is constrained by both economic and socio-cultural barriers, i.e. qualitative characteristics of the population, social and cultural factors, working conditions, social and labor relations, etc. In this regard, the article is aimed at analyzing human development in the social and labor sphere through socio-cultural indicators – vocation, unstable employment relations, quality of work life, etc. – on the basis of gender approach. The scientific significance of the work is generalization of the research results on the development of human and labor potential, identification of common features, gender differences, and factors limiting human development. The obtained results have practical importance in identifying the priority management activities regarding the risks of developing human potential. The information base of the research is the data of the monitoring the qualitative state of labor potential in the Vologda Oblast and the Rosstat survey data on social and demographic issues and people’s quality of life in the Russian regions. The study shows that it is professional vocation that is one of the metamotivators and the most significant contributing factors in major fulfillment of quality characteristics of the work force, and that the problem of the underemployed turns out to be a human development limiter with persistent imbalance between the educational services and the labor market needs. The paper proves that the existing signs of unstable labor relations negatively affect the workers’ social well-being and the quality of their working life. The obtained results are of practical relevance for identifying priority management actions in the area of human development risks. The work has shown that when managing human resources development, it seems necessary to account the distribution of unstable and unsteady social and labor relations as well as the compliance of educational services with the labor market needs.

scholarly journals Modern dynamics and problems of preserving human potential in Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Б. СУХОВЕЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Far East ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Social

Ухудшение качественных характеристик населения (показателей здоровья, уровня культуры и образования) необходимо относить к наиболее значимым негативным факторам социального развития России и ее регионов. В статье дана оценка современного уровня развития человеческого потенциала в России и субъектах Дальнего Востока России на основе данных индекса человеческого развития (Human Development Index – HDI). Проведено сопоставление HDI России HDI с некоторых стан Европы и Азиатско-Тихоокеанского региона, имеющих самые высокие значения (баллы) индекса за период 1990–2018 гг. В межстрановом сравнении выявлены наиболее проблемные компоненты человеческого потенциала для России. В межрегиональном сравнении за 2000–2016 гг. проведена группировка регионов по HDI, направленная на выявление и сравнительную оценку перспективности субъектов Дальнего Востока России по формированию, развитию и возможному сохранению человеческого потенциала. С помощью корреляционного анализа выявлена зависимость между значением инвестиций в основной капитал на душу населения и индексом HDI, а также составляющими его индексами долголетия, доходов. Результаты группировки субъектов Дальнего Востока России по HDI и по качеству жизни населения за 2010–2016 гг. в определенной степени совпадают. Показано, что сдерживающими факторами социально-экономического развития регионов, а следовательно, низких значений HDI и индексов качества жизни населения являются недостаточное развитие социальной сферы, низкие уровень и качество жизни населения, ухудшающие качество человеческого потенциала и препятствующие его повышению. Необходимо проводить более эффективную политику в социальной сфере с акцентом на увеличение бюджетных и привлечение частных инвестиций в экономику регионов. The deterioration of the qualitative characteristics of the population (health indicators, insufficient level of culture and education) should be attributed to the most significant negative factors in the social development of Russia and its regions. The article assesses the current level of human development in Russia and the Far Eastern regions on the basis of human development index (HDI) data. The HDI of Russia is compared with that of some countries of Europe and the Asia-Pacific region, which have the best values (points) of the human development index for the period of 1990–2018. In a cross-country comparison, the most problematic components of human potential for Russia were identified. In the interregional comparison for 2000–2016, a grouping of regions by HDI was carried out, aimed at identifying promising and less promising subjects of the Far East for the formation, development and possible preservation of human potential. Using the correlation analysis, the relationship between the value of investment in fixed assets per capita and the HDI index, as well as its indices of longevity and income, is revealed. The results of the grouping of FER subjects by HDI are confirmed by the types of regions according to the quality of life of the population for 2010–2016. It is shown that the low level of development of the social sphere, the level and quality of life of the population, which reduce the quality of human potential and prevent its increase, are the constraining factors of the socio-economic development of the regions and, therefore, low HDI and QOL values. It is necessary to pursue a more effective social policy, with a focus on increasing budgetary and attracting private investment in the regional economy.

Correlation of changes in the modern labor market and the development of the social sphere in the context of the new technological realit

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Mariya Viktorovna Kudryavtseva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Current Stage

The article presents the fundamental trends typical for the current stage of socio-economic development. The role of the integration of innovative technologies and digitalization of the economy is emphasized, and some tasks and problems associated with these processes are outlined. It is noted that in the conditions of the new technological order, social and labor relations and the position of the Russian labor market are changing. The changes under consideration determine the transformation of the nature of work and the requirements for modern specialists. The article highlights some of the contradictions that exist today between the educational services market and the labor market. The correlation of changes in the modern labor market and the prospects for the development of the social sphere in the new conditions is shown. The role of social policy in these processes is emphasized, and some issues characteristic of the current stage of the development of Russian social policy are noted.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT PROSPECTS OF THE UKRAINIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Tatiana Loza
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Dynamic Adjustment ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
The Relationship

The results of a scientific search dedicated to the problem of educational services transformation and whole education system adaptation to the challenges of the modern labor market were discussed in the article. The relationship between the problems of the Ukrainian labor market, the outdated educational system and inefficient human potential using is established. The essential correlation between the priority directions of human development for Ukraine and the main directions of educational system reforming are determined. Based on the analysis of the Human Development Index in Ukraine and other statistical indicators, directions for development and realization of social and educational service are determined with the condition of attraction of non-governmental organizations. The necessity of introducing new practical approaches was developed and theoretically substantiated for: · Expanding the range of entities providing educational services based on public-private partnership; · Establishing the accordance between the number of university applicants and request for them in the labor market; · Increasing the value of education through establishing the relationship between its level and the well-being of the employee; · Creating conditions for the dynamic adjustment of the content of education, depending on the labor market trends. The necessity of introducing new practical approaches for more effective development of human potential by restoring the education value and providing productive employment has been developed and theoretically substantiated.

scholarly journals Analysis of characteristics of the human potential and quality of life in Ural regions

POPULATION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Elena Ryumina
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Kurgan Oblast ◽  
Working Age

The article continues the series of publications dealing with research on the social and economic factors of human potential development in Russian regions. Human potential is considered in the context of four qualitative characteristics of population: natural growth, life expectancy, level of education, incidence of alcoholism and drug addiction. Since the main factor in human development is quality of life, the study is supplemented by three indicators: average per capita income, poverty rate and unemployment rate. Using cluster analysis previously was developed a typology of regions by these seven criteria including ten clusters. And then each cluster was sequentially analyzed in order to «manually» fine-tune the resulting grouping. This article considers the regions of the Ural Federal District that fell into three clusters. Based on the information provided on the studied criteria, the authors substantiate combining Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets autonomous okrugs with two other northern regions in a separate cluster, since their specifics are evident in comparison not only with the rest of the regions of the Ural Federal District, but also with all Russian regions. The issue of including Kurgan oblast in one cluster with Sverdlovsk, Tyumen and Chelyabinsk oblasts was considered in more detail. The sectoral structure of the economy in the UrFO regions, the wages in the three main types of economic activity in the district, as well as the demographic situation in each region were investigated. The main problem of Kurgan oblast is the age structure of the population with a bias towards people over working age. Solving the social and economic problems of this area requires participation of the governing and coordinating bodies of the Federal District. The article substantiates the possibility of dividing the Ural regions into two groups: in one — four regions, in the other — two autonomous okrugs. To finalize the typology of regions, a comparison of the UrFO regions with the Siberian and Far Eastern regions is necessary.

Data analysis of social hygiene monitoring in russian regions determining environmental and hygienic safety for population

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
O. Klepikov ◽  
S. Eprintsev ◽  
S. Shekoyan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Priority Pollutants ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Federal Center

Data of the Federal Information Fund for Social Hygiene Monitoring conducted on the basis of the Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor have been analyzed to assess environmental risks, as well as to develop environmental safety system as a factor for sustainable development of the territory in the regions of the Russian Federation. Atmospheric air pollution in Russian regions was evaluated by content of priority pollutants. Ranking of Russian regions according to the quality of drinking water supply was carried out. The possibility of using Federal Information Fund for Social Hygiene Monitoring as an integral part of the model for optimizing the social and environmental conditions of populated areas is estimated.

scholarly journals Inclusion and Integration of the Disabled into the Labor Market Against the Background of the New Regulations in Germany

Equilibrium ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-101
Author(s):  
Lilianna Jodkowska
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Social Code ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
New Criteria

The aim of the article is to present new regulations introduced by the Third Book of the Social Code in Germany that concern a reform of the labor market's active instruments gathered under the name "Instumentenreform".  One of the main objectives of the reform is to improve the quality of programs and projects that activate the unemployed, but also to make efforts to include in the labor market groups that have not been activated in such a way so far. One of such groups are the disabled trained and employed in Invalids' Cooperatives.  One of the further, and at the same time new, criteria for all organizations and institutions receiving and applying for funds to realize programs of the labor market and vocational trainings is the introduction and certification of the quality management system. The aim of the paper is to compare the activity of Invalids' Cooperatives in Poland and Germany. This aim will be carried out by analyzing the regulations and as far as possible the data available (the regulations became effective in two stages: in April 2012, and since 01.01.2013 onwards).  The findings of the article have been collected in the form of a description of the situation and forecast for 2013.

scholarly journals Current Problems of the Public Regulation of Labor Market in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
О. V. Аkilinа
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legislative Reforms

The article is devoted to changes of some legislative acts of reform public administration in employment. Analysis and qualitative assessment of the Draft Law of Ukraine “On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine to reform of public administration in the employment and social insurance in case unemployment” has been done in the work. The author considers that in developing of legislative reforms in employment necessary to expand the list of sources of funding for implementing public policy through gradual attracting resources of separate trust funds for the implementation of employment policy. It is necessary to create mechanism for attracting funds from private foundations and differentiate the expenditure of the Fund of Compulsory public social insurance Ukraine in case of unemployment with the allocation of urban and rural units. Implementation of these reforms requires pre reforming of social insurance in case unemployment. In addition greater attention should be paid to the development of methodology measures to facilitate employment and assessment of their effectiveness in the short and long terms. Voucher systems can be effectively introduced to the labor market once the labor market actors (local employment offices, education institutions and private sector) interact and the potential users are prepared to accept them (have the required awareness and stimuli). Transfer of voucher systems is possible, but the introduction won’t be effective without well proven practices and due account to the available resources. Also, the problem of building social dialog should not be overlooked when elaborating regulatory reforms in the employment. Ways to enhance the effectiveness of social dialogue and activate the positions of all the entities involved in the negotiation process need to be found, in order to preserve the development prospects for the already existing system of social and labor relations, although not quite acceptable for a major part of the Ukrainian community. The social stability in Ukraine is largely dependent on the quality and controllability of the mechanisms underlying the social and labor relations system, and on the capacity of its actors.

A Sociotechnical Approach of eGovernment in Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Gabriela Viale Pereira ◽  
Marie Anne Macadar ◽  
Maurício Gregianin Testa
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Quality Of Working Life ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Ict For Development ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Capability Approach

In the context of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for development (ICT4D) the capability approach raises questions about the best way to generate human development outcomes through governments' implementation of ICT, encompassing specific demands of the people. Considering that quality of working life was an emergent value for the sociotechnical supporters and could foster human development, this perspective can also be used to explain the use of ICT in government. This research proposes a conceptual model to explain how governments' implementation of ICT contributes to improved human development through a sociotechnical perspective and its alignment with users' needs and expectations. The contribution of this study is the extending of the ICT4D research in a sociotechnical view and its impact in human development. By including the social context in the model, it emphasizes the differences between countries in different levels of development, the differences between users' demands and the differences in human development outcomes.

Characteristic of labour potential of Primosrsky Krai

10.12737/4880 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Дроздова ◽  
Ekaterina Drozdova ◽  
Палагутина ◽  
N. Palagutina ◽  
Мельникова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Main Action ◽  
Labour Potential ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Given ◽  
Labor Potential

Study of labor potential most actually from a line item of an assessment of implementation of potential of the person in the given working conditions as gives a certain idea of the strong and weaknesses of control of regional development as a whole. The characteristic of labor potential is provided in this article taking into account two pacing factors of its formation and development: 1) human potential (potential of human development), 2) potential of regional social and economic subsystems. Authors gave detail statistical data across Primorsky Krai, the population characterizing a standard of living, expected life expectancy in case of the birth, a health care status, an education level — indexes which define component values of an index of the human development, published in the annual report «About human development in the Russian Federation». The assessment of perspectives and threats of reproduction of labor capacity of Primorsky Krai has the high practical significance. Special attention is deserved by calculation of security of strategy of social and economic development of Primorsky Krai made by authors till 2025 human resources. Support of the high level of quality of life of the population is offered As the main action for increase of use and development of labor potential of the researched region.

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