Tantawan Sludge Management: Holistic Approach Introducing New Practices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woraphat Pongpitukkul ◽  
Thotsaphon Chaianansutcharit ◽  
Suppakit Learduchasai ◽  
Thunyarak Suankaew ◽  
Satiraporn Sirisampan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Sludge Management

Abstract Following Tantawan field suspension of production, considerable volume of contaminated crude (high level of mercury and arsenic content) remains on board in Tantawan FPSO. These volumes are deemed as waste hydrocarbon sludge that hold no commercial value and must be urgently removed from the vessel as per safety requirements to maintain the vessel class and certification, according to Tantawan FPSO integrity condition. After review of many alternatives, offshore subsurface disposal initiative is the safest and most cost-effective means for disposal. Since subsurface disposal of such waste, highly mercury and arsenic contaminated crude, has never been performed in the Gulf of Thailand, several aspects need to be considered from technical and environmental perspective and public sector concerns. A cross functional team of Reservoir Engineer, Geologist, Facilities Engineer, Health and Safety, Policy, Government and Public Affair and commercial advisor, has co-devised a holistic waste management plan to inject waste into Tantawan reservoirs after obtaining required approvals by the government. Many challenges including limitation of the FPSO pumping system, sludge properties and seasonal increment weather, were encountered during the execution phase and many remedial actions were taken to mitigate their impact. Cross functional team initiatives on heater installation, adjusting injection procedure, and additional disposal well approval helped address project challenges. Entire volume of sludge was safely injected to subsurface reservoirs with cost effective operation. The success of this offshore injection process has reduced the cost to less than 10% compared to onshore disposal option to asset joint venture. The results set a new standard for Thailand petroleum waste management policy. Following this success, decommissioning of all remaining of Tantawan field are progressing as scheduled. This paper will outline the holistic approach of hydrocarbon sludge management process including the subsurface injection identifcation, stakeholder engagement, environmental impact assessment and execution challenges. Lessons learned from this paper would help other offshore operators to effectively manage hydrocarbon sludge, which demonstrate how the oil and gas industry plays a vital role in protecting the environment.

Great Plains Interactive Distance Education Alliance (Great Plains IDEA)

2010 ◽  
pp. 110-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Moxley ◽  
Sue Maes ◽  
Dawn Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Distance Education ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Academic Programs ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Higher Education Leaders

This chapter will examine the organizational and technological challenges encountered by the highly successful Great Plains Interactive Distance Education Alliance (Great Plains IDEA) since its members began offering multi-university online academic programs in 2000. Members include the following universities: Colorado State, Iowa State, Kansas State, Texas Tech, Michigan State, Missouri, Montana State, Nebraska, North Dakota State, Oklahoma State, and South Dakota State. Inter-institutional online academic programs are a cost-effective means of rapidly increasing access and addressing emerging educational needs. The chapter explains how the Great Plains IDEA began, operates and has evolved, as well as the mistakes made, lessons learned, and upcoming challenges. A major technological challenge was identifying a secure multi-institution enrollment system for sharing student data between enrolling and teaching institutions the award-winning ExpanSIS system. The authors hope that higher education leaders will be convinced that inter-institutional collaboration is a viable solution to many higher education challenges.

scholarly journals Model of Public Policy Implementation for Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) Waste Management in Cilacap Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-574
Author(s):  
Syamsul Auliya Rachman ◽  
Muchlis Hamdi ◽  
Aries Djaenuri ◽  
Ika Sartika
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Foreign Assistance ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Waste Management Policy

The problem of waste management in big cities worldwide and especially Indonesia, has become an ongoing issue. Every country globally competes in developing various technologies in waste management, such as sanitary landfills, incineration, gasification, and anaerobic digestion technology. This study intends to describe the right model for waste management, especially for areas in Indonesia. In this case, the writer tries to discuss waste management innovation in Cilacap Regency by using a waste management policy implementation model with Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) technology, which converts waste into alternative fuel to replace coal. In this paper, the writer tries to analyze it with a descriptive design with a qualitative approach. Writing informants were determined by purposive sampling. The results of this study, according to the author, indicate that the implementation of RDF public policy on waste management can be carried out with several approaches, namely: (1) RDF Waste Management Policy Model with a Collaborative Waste Management Service approach; (2) RDF Waste Management Policy Model with the Buy and Sell Cooperation approach of RDF results; (3) RDF Waste Management Policy Model with a Joint Venture (JO) approach; (4) RDF waste management policy model with an Operational Cooperation approach with the presence of foreign assistance, the central government and provincial governments; (5) RDF waste management policy model with the formation of regional companies.

Decommissioning the BELGONUCLEAIRE Dessel MOX Plant: Presentation of the Project and Situation on 30/06/2011

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Cuchet ◽  
H. Libon ◽  
C. Verheyen ◽  
J. Bily ◽  
J. Custers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Light Water Reactors ◽  
Royal Decree ◽  
Light Water ◽  
Mox Fuel ◽  
Water Reactors

BELGONUCLEAIRE has been operating the Dessel MOX plant at industrial scale between 1986 and 2006. In this period, 40 metric tons of plutonium (HM) has been processed into 90 reloads of MOX fuel for commercial light water reactors. The decision to stop the production in 2006 and to decommission the MOX plant was the result of the shrinkage of the MOX fuel market owing to political and customer’s factors. As a significant part of the decommissioning project of the Dessel MOX plant, about 170 medium-sized glove boxes and about 1.300 metric tons of structure and equipment outside the glove boxes are planned for decommissioning. The license for the decommissioning of the MOX plant was granted by Royal Decree in 2008 and the decommissioning works started in March 2009; the decommissioning works are executed by an integrated organization under leadership and responsibility of BELGONUCLEAIRE with 3 specialized contractors, namely TECNUBEL N.V., the joint venture (THV) BELGOPROCESS / SCK·CEN and STUDSVIK GmbH. In this paper, after having described the main characteristics of the project, the authors introduce the different organisational and technical options considered for the decommissioning of the glove boxes, and the main decision criteria (qualification of personnel and of processes, confinement, cutting techniques & radiation protection, safety aspects, alpha-bearing waste management) are analyzed as well. The progress, the feedback and the lessons learned mid 2011 are presented, giving the principal’s and contractors point of view as well.

scholarly journals Economic efficiency of biogas generation from food product waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 00039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Koval ◽  
Inesa Mikhno ◽  
Gabriela Hajduga ◽  
Krzysztof Gaska
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Waste Management Policy ◽  
Waste Accumulation

The issue of waste accumulation has become one of the global problems of humanity. In Ukraine, the main method of waste management is landfill depositing, which is unproductive and affects the ecosystem negatively. However, large landfill sites should be used to produce biogas, thereby reducing the environmental burden and the earned revenue should be used to introduce recycling and a gradual transition to a European waste management policy. The aim of our study was to investigate the state of waste recycling and the possibility of using waste landfills and food with lost consumptive qualities for biogas generation. To analyze the economic efficiency of the installation of biogas equipment in landfills and to investigate the current state of waste management in Ukraine. The research demonstrates that at present in Ukraine the problem of waste accumulation becomes actual. At the same time, the number of large waste landfills is increasing. It is proved that at landfills with an area of more than 50 hectares, the installation of biogas equipment is cost-effective, and the raw material can be distributed at the feed-in tariff, thus solving the energy problem.

A retrospective and lessons learned from Natural Resources Canada’s Forest 2020 afforestation initiative

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
S W.J. Dominy ◽  
R. Gilsenan ◽  
D W McKenney ◽  
D J Allen ◽  
T. Hatton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Of Canada

Canada is seeking cost-effective means to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, particularly CO2, that have been linked to global climate change. In 2003 the Government of Canada launched the Forest 2020 Plantation Development and Assessment Initiative to assess the potential for fast-growing woody crops to sequester carbon from the atmosphere. Across the country 6000 ha of plantations were established and monitored on nonforested lands (afforestation) using a variety of methods. Economic analyses assessed the investment attractiveness of this mitigation measure for a range of species and suitable lands, taking into account such factors as growth rates, agricultural opportunity costs and a range of possible carbon values. Analyses illustrated that at current trading prices for carbon and for much of the available lands and expanding markets for forest bioproducts, expected rates of return on investment for afforestation were relatively low. However, higher future carbon prices, combined with monetary values for environmental benefits, could dramatically change the economics of afforestation in the future. Key words: afforestation, carbon sequestration, forest carbon offset project, climate change mitigation, policy analysis, risk analysis, forest investment analysis, hybrids, hybrid poplar, fast-growing trees

scholarly journals 219 Managing Beef Cattle Growth Amidst a Global Pandemic: Lessons Learned from 2020 and Strategies for the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
Bradley J Johnson ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Meat Animal

Abstract The coronavirus disease-19 related events of 2020 had severe detrimental effects on meat animal production in the United State. Due to harvest facility slowdowns and shutdowns, many market animals, including beef cattle, were on feed greater than 60 d past their optimal endpoint. These dramatic changes caused many changes in feeding and growth technologies management. The two major growth enhancing compounds used in feedlot cattle production are steroidal implants (IMP) and β-adrenergic agonists (β-AA). Implementation of β-AA during the pandemic was extremely difficult due to the lack of knowledge on exact shipping dates. The β-AA are fed the last 28 to 42 d on feed. Ractopamine was approved for cattle with essential a 12-h withdrawal. Many questions arose about the maximum length of withdrawal on ractopamine before losing any of the added growth response in both the live animal and carcass. Many feedlot operators relied on IMP administration to achieve added growth response in cattle held for longer days on feed. With zero-day withdrawal on implants, it was a cost-effective means to hold cattle in an efficient manner. Many producers simply could not manage β-AA feeding during the pandemic period and used other management technologies to enhance growth and efficiency during the end of the feeding period.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR ORGANIZATION – A CASE STUDY OF TECHNO INDIA NJR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDAIPUR

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Waste Management Policy ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Waste generation in India has been increasing, and there are no adequate ground implemented policies for the safe disposal of waste. It increases land and water pollution. Some industries execute zero waste management at their level, but that is not enough to reduce the load on the city's main landfill and disposal site. It is the need of the hour to implement the micromanagement of waste. There are large numbers of schools and colleges in India which generate the same type of waste. These campuses can demonstrate and influence the students, faculties, and other staff and visitors to adopt and successfully implement sustainable practices. Schools and colleges can play an essential role in changing society by teaching students about the new waste management technologies. There are numerous opportunities to introduce new technologies into waste management. The challenge is to encourage the development of technologies that are most conservative of natural resources and that are cost-effective. This paper shows the zero waste management policy in Campus of Techno India NJR Institute of Technology, Udaipur. Separation of waste at source is a vital and essential part of zero waste management. Biodegradable waste is used for composting, and plastic is used for brick manufacturing, a college start-up project. E-waste and hazardous waste are handed over separately to authorized recycling firms.

scholarly journals Trash Trade and Environmental Regulations: An Assessment

Lentera Hukum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Shamila Dawood ◽  
Ajra Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Perfect Set ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Following China's decision to ban trash import in 2018, some countries in Southeast Asia are at the forefront of banning and imposing stringent measures to crackdown trash trade. The new trend in trash trade regulations had further impacted weaker countries and made a haven for dumping waste unless they adopt a uniform mechanism to regulate or completely ban trash trade within the region. This study aimed to analyze the recent response of some developing countries to the trash trade and how likely this response impact other countries in the same region, taking into account the impact of the trash trade on the environment and health and waste handling capacity. This study adopted doctrinal analysis that combined descriptive and analytical approaches to analyze trash trade and regulation impacts in developing countries and arrived at a need for a holistic approach and national waste management policy to encourage the recycling industry in trash receiving states. This study found that although developing countries had a perfect set of rules and norms regarding sustainable waste management and protecting illicit trash trade, most of them had shortages due to internal and external factors. Solid waste management in developing and least developed countries was a never-ending problem due to the low technological requirements and economic investments.  KEYWORDS: Trash Trade, Developing Countries, Environmental Justice.

scholarly journals Antecedents of Waste Management in the Oil and gas Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Saripah Abdul Latif ◽  
Tengku Amira Yasmin Tengku Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Policy Governance ◽  
Gas Industry

Improper waste management during operational activities in the oil and gas industry brings adverse environmental impacts. Consequently, the quality of life of the population decreases. This study aims to investigate the antecedents for waste management in the oil and gas industry. Policy governance, facilities, technology and environmental education, are proposed to be affecting the waste management in the industry. Primary data was collected via an online survey among 98 oil and gas players in Malaysia. Policy governance, facilities and environmental education were found to be the antecedents, while technology is proven to be non-significance.Keywords: Waste management; Policy governance; Facilities; Environmental educationeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i10.1634

The Application of Reliability Based Methods in the Optimisation of Reeled Rigid Pipeline Wall Thickness Requirements

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Smith ◽  
Craig Peters ◽  
Subhajit Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Yield Strength ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Probability Of Failure ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Acceptance Criteria

Reel-lay is a fast and cost-effective means for the installation of subsea flowlines and Pipe-In-Pipe systems with outer diameters up to 18”. Pipelines installed by the reel lay method are plastically deformed during installation. The most critical step in the installation of a reeled pipeline occurs at the spool base, when the assembled pipeline is spooled on to the hub of the reel. The nominal level of deformation is dictated by the vessel equipment geometry, applied back tension, and pipe dimensions. Localised increases in deformation are caused by mismatches in bending stiffness between adjacent pipes. The mismatch potential is dictated by the natural variation of yield strength and by dimensional variation that is inherent to linepipe manufacturing processes. Reliability based assessments are commonly applied in the assessment of minimum acceptable wall thickness for reeling. These assessments enable the minimum acceptable wall thickness to be determined with a defined target reliability level, assessing mismatches based upon distributions of wall thickness and yield strength. The mismatch parameter calculation method and the definition of appropriate acceptance criteria are the two most important factors in reeling assessments. Neither of these two factors has been specified in a pipeline design code or a recommended practice available in the public domain. However, there is an increasing level of familiarity in industry; mismatch calculation methods and strain or ovality based acceptance criteria, defined by installation contractors are gaining widespread acceptance. This paper presents a review of the application of reliability based methods currently under use, focusing on mismatch calculation methods, acceptance criteria, and probability of failure calculation methods. Minimisation of costs is of particular importance in the current oil and gas industry climate. Because of this, the ability to specify an optimum wall thickness enables installation contractors to provide more cost effective reeled rigid pipeline solutions. After reviewing the subject matter and existing body of work this paper looks in detail at the deformation responses and failure modes for a range of sizes of reeled pipelines with mismatches. The assessment of deformation responses demonstrates a significant level of conservatism in recently proposed acceptance criteria that is based upon averaged axial strain levels. This conservatism is quantified by probability of failure calculations and provides a strong justification for further optimisation of the minimum wall thickness for reeling. Finally, the beneficial effect of increased reeling tension is quantified in terms of its effect upon probability of failure.

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