scholarly journals Macrofilaricidal Activity of Leaf Extracts of Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. Against Bovine Filarial Parasite Setaria cervi.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behera D. R. ◽  
R. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Setaria Cervi ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Rauvolfia Tetraphylla ◽  
Better Than

Leaf extracts of Rauvolfia tetraphylla were evaluated for antifilarial potential using Setaria cervi as target parasite. Four extracts were tested these were hexane, chloroform, acetone and methanol. The activity was assessed by means of worm motility assay, MTT reduction and GST enzyme inhibition assay using female worms of Setaria cervi. DEC was used as a standard drug. Methanol extract exhibited significant activity among all the extracts with percentage of reduction 89.28% at 10mg/ml concentration. DEC was comparitively less active than methanolic extract with 79.22% activity at the same dose. The IC50 value for methanolic extract was found to be 0.03mg/ml, which was better than the standard DEC i.e. 2.84mg/ml. The methanol extract significantly inhibited the GST enzyme activity of Setaria worms as compared to untreated worms with percentage of inhibition value of 56.41% at 10mg/ml. The most active methanol extract was finally explored for cell viability study by using trypan blue dye exclusion test. The methanolic extract significantly killed the oocytes of Setaria worms as all the oocytes stained blue in treated worms and unstained in control oocytes. The findings indicate that the methanolic extract has potent macrofilaricidal ativity.

scholarly journals Histopathological Studies on the Effects of Chloroform and Methanolic Extracts of Ilex kudingcha in Trypanosoma brucei Infected Albino Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Olajoju. T. Soniran ◽  
Kalu. K. Ngele ◽  
Christopher. O. Alisa ◽  
Damilola. A. Omoboyowa ◽  
Nnabude. H. Agu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Diminazene Aceturate ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Histopathological Studies

Histopathological studies of the effects of chloroform and methanolic leaf extracts of Ilex kudingcha in Trypanosoma brucei infected albino wistar rats were investigated. The toxicity and phytochemical study were also carried out using standard protocol. T. brucei infected animals were administered orally with 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. of the extracts and 3.5 mg/kg b.w. of the standard drug (diminazene aceturate). Results on acute toxicity studies (LD50) revealed no sign of lethality up to the dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight but the liver and kidney histology of infected animals treated with 5,000 mg/kg b.w. of I. kudingcha extracts were observed to be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic. The methanol extracts showed appreciably high in vivo anti-trypanosomal activities compared to the reference drug. Histological examination of the organs revealed serious pathological lesions in the liver of the infected animals without treatment (negative control). In the positive control animals (infected animals administered standard drug), mild multifocal aggregate of inflammatory leucocytes was observed. In the other experimental animals, no pathological lesion was observed in the liver, kidney, brain, and heart of infected animals treated with the methanolic extract and combined methanol and chloroform extracts. The effectiveness of the methanolic extract at reducing the lesions caused by the parasite is the same compared with the standard drug. Phytochemical analysis of the plant extracts showed that methanol extract contained appreciable high levels of alkaloids, saponin, tannins, phenol, and glycoside while flavonoid was not detected. Hence, the curative properties of methanolic extract of I. kudingcha as observed in the organs indicate its anti-trypanosomal properties but it should be consumed at minimal doses.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and in-vitro antibacterial and DPPH free radical scavenging activities of methanol extract of root of Combretum album Pers.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunanda Burman ◽  
Goutam Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis

The objective of the study was to investigate in-vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Combretum album Pers. root. In brief antibacterial efficacies of methanol extract and its petroleum ether fraction (MePET), chloroform fraction (MeCH), ethyl acetate fraction (MeEA) and water fraction (MeAQ) were determined by agar well diffusion assay along with Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs). In-vitro antioxidant efficacies were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging method. Preliminary phytochemical assay, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analyses were employed to detect the plausible active ingredients. Methanol extract showed broad spectrum antibacterial activity having highest inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 2940 (21.67±0.58 mm) and MICs ranged from100 µg/ml to 250 µg/ml. The scavenging activity of methanol extract of root of C. album was concentration dependant and IC50 value was 136.08 µg/ml. The lowest MIC (5 µg/ml) was noted with MeCH against B. subtilis (MTCC 441). MeCH showed highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 12.98 ?g/mL and MePET, MeEA, MeAQ and Ascorbic acid presented antioxidant potential with IC50 values of 16.10, 15.07, 17.44 and 13.40??g/mL respectively. Preliminary phytochemical tests and FT-IR analysis revealed presence of various phytochemicals and functional groups like hydroxyl, carboxylic acids, amidines, amines, aromatics and esters. Three compounds were elucidated from bioactive TLC fraction of MeCH in GC-MS analysis supported by presence of various functional groups in MeCH as detected in FT-IR analysis. It is concluded that methanolic extract of C. album root is a potential antibacterial and antioxidant agent where presence of N-[5-[4-pyridinyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-benzamide (compound 1), pyruvic acid (compound 2) and methyloacetone (compound 3) are responsible as possible active ingredients.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and phytochemical prospection of Eugenia involucrata DC. leaf extracts

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Toledo ◽  
J. G. de L. de Souza ◽  
C. B. Santana ◽  
A. P. Mallmann ◽  
C. V. dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Promising Source

Abstract The species Eugenia involucrata DC. is a plant native to Brazil and is traditionally used for intestinal problems, however, little research has documented about its biological potential and phytochemical profile. Thus, the objective of this study was to carry out preliminary phytochemical prospecting, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of E. involucrata extracts. Using the E. involucrata leaves, aqueous and organic extracts were obtained using the following solvents (ethanol, methanol, hexane, acetone, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The phytochemical prospecting detected the presence of saponins, steroids, flavonoids and tannins in the extracts. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts presented antimicrobial activity for most of the bacterial strains tested, as well as for yeast Candida albicans, with concentrations between 3.12 and 50 mg/mL. The ethanolic and metanolic extract presented high free radical sequestration potential (>90%). The methanol extract showed an IC50 value statistically equal to that found for the commercial antioxidant BHT (p <0.05). The crude extracts obtained with ethanol and methanol were the most promising. These results suggest that methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts are a promising source of natural bioactive.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity Of Methanolic Leaf Extracts Of CalophyllumBlancoi (Bitaog), Diospyrospilosanthera (Bolongeta) and SyzygiumCumini (Duhat)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 531-537
Author(s):  
Jan Asuncion ◽  
Mariane May Domingo ◽  
Rave Harvey Sienna ◽  
ZhaineMarille Villa ◽  
Jennifer Anne Loyola
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

Gout is characterized as an inflammation and warmth in the joints. It is associated with hyperuricemia wherein an upregulation of xanthine oxidase in purine degradation leads to increased levels of uric acid in the blood. Gout is not fatal. However, it affects one’s quality of life. Thus, this research primarily focuses in determining the inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase in the methanolic leaf extract of bitaog (Calophyllumblancoi), bolongeta (Diospyrospilosanthera), and duhat (Syzygiumcumini) in gout. A quantitative-experimental research method was used in the study and the data were obtained by measuring the percent inhibition of the samples using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 290 nm. The results showed that the methanolic leaf extract of above stated plants exhibited exemplary inhibition in comparison with the standard drug, allopurinol. The IC50  value determines the ability of the inhibitor to decrease the biotransformation of a substrate. The principle behind IC50 is, the lower the value the higher the inhibition. The bitaog (Calophyllumblancoi) trials have the lowest IC50 value with an average of 124.3 after the standard drug, followed by bolongeta (Diospyrospilosanthera) have an average of 155.3 IC50 value. Then duhat (Syzygiumcumini) showed the highest IC50 an average of 208.8. The bitaog (Calophyllumblancoi), next to allopurinol, showed the highest inhibition among all the extracts followed by the bolongeta (Diospyrospilosanthera). The least inhibitory activity was observed in duhat (Syzygiumcumini). Hence, it can be concluded that bitaog (Calophyllumblancoi), bolongeta (Diospyrospilosanthera), and duhat (Syzygiumcumini) can inhibit xanthine oxidase using in vitro analysis.

scholarly journals XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF RHUS MYSORENSIS LEAVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivekanandan K ◽  
Bhavya E ◽  
Stalin C
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibiting Activity ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Essential Enzyme ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the in vitro xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibiting activity of the methanolic leaf extract of the Rhusmysorensis.Methods: Uric acid is synthesized in the presence of XO which is an essential enzyme. Various concentrations of the leaf extract were taken. XO inhibiting activity was spectrophotometrically assayed. By increasing absorbance at 295 nm, the degree of enzyme spontaneity was determined.Results: Inhibition concentration 50 (IC50) of the methanolic extract of R. mysorensis leaves was 45.24±0.34 μg/ml, compared with IC50 value of the standard allopurinol of 7.8±1.28 μg/ml.Conclusion: Methanol extract of R. mysorensis can be used to treat hyperuricemia and gout after proper preclinical and clinical studies.

scholarly journals SCREENING OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENT AND IN VITRO BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF CANTHIUM DICOCCUM (GAERTN.) AND AMISCHOPHACELUS AXILLARIS (L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
MEGHASHREE K S ◽  
LATHA K P ◽  
VAGDEVI H M ◽  
AJISH A D ◽  
JAYANNA N D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Biological Investigation ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Percent Inhibition

Objective: The objective of the study was to study the pet ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol leaf extracts of Canthium dicoccum and Amischophacelus axillaris for anthelmintic activity and antihypertensive activity. Methods: The antihypertensive activity was carried out by employing a colorimetric assay based on the hydrolysis of Histidyl-Hippuryl-Leucine and anthelmintic activity carried out against Indian earthworm Pheritimaposthuma. Results: The pet ether leaf extract both the plants exhibited the maximum antihypertensive activity with a percent inhibition of 64.82 for C. dicoccum (Gaertn.) and 84.12 for A. axillaris (L.) as compared with Captopril showing percent inhibition 85.37 and for anthelmintic activity, it is found that ethanol extract of C. dicoccum and ethyl acetate extract of A. axillaris exhibited significant activity against the standard drug albendazole. Conclusion: This study investigated the potential of C. dicoccum and A. axillaris as a new source against the antihypertensive activity. The outcome of anthelmintic activity revealed that the ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts exhibited a considerable amount of anthelmintic activity, which is mainly due to the active phytoconstituents present in the extracts.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR (Moringa Oleifera, Lam) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN PADA MINYAK KELAPA

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Livia Fransisca Tulus ◽  
Sunarty Sunarty ◽  
Fensia A Souhoka
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

This research aims to determine the compounds contained in moringa leaf methanol extract by phytochemical test, values of antioxidant activity and application for coconut oil to determine peroxide value, acid value and moisture content based on oil quality according to SNI 01-374-2013. Result of phytochemical test show that Moringa leaf methanol extract contains of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, terpenoid and fenolik compoundsnm. Test of antioxidant activity with DPPH and measured with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at wavelength 517 nm. Moringa leaf methanol extract has an IC50 value of 61,625% so that it is classified as strong antioxidant. The addition of moringa leaf methanol extract 5% on coconut oil after heating at time variation 15, 30, and 40 minutes showed oil quality is better than without addition of extract with peroxide value ((1,1716, 3,8378 and 6,6043 Meq/kg), acid value (0,4700, 0,5869 and 0,7024 KOH/g), and moisture content at 1% extract concentration (0,1978, 0,1290 and 0,0896 %).

scholarly journals An investigation of bioactive and free radical scavenging potential of moringa Oliefera leaf extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1575-1579
Author(s):  
Uzma Sayyed ◽  
Pratibha Pandey ◽  
Rohit K. Tiwari ◽  
Rafia Shekh ◽  
Preeti Bajpai
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Potency ◽  
Dose Dependent

Moringa oleifera Lam, commonly known as Sehjan belongs to the Moringaceae family. It is widely used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. This study was an attempt to evaluate the morphological characteristics, percent yield, the bioactive and antioxidant potential of M. oleifera leaves that would help in elucidating a promising therapeutic and curative agent for the treatment of different ailments. The maximum percentage yield was obtained in methanolic extract (29.55%) of M. oliefera leaves. Qualitative analysis also revealed the maximum presence of all the metabolites in methanolic extract. Quantitative analysis revealed an appreciable presence of phenol (53.1 mg/g) flavonoids (47.7mg/g) and carotenoids (16.46 mg/g) in M. oleifera leaves. The methanolic extract had shown the maximum antioxidant potency in a dose-dependent manner during the evaluation of enzymatic (SOD and CAT) and nonenzymatic (DPPH and FRAP) antioxidants with minimum IC50 value. Thus, it could be concluded from the present study that methanolic leaf extract of M. oliefera could be amongst the principle extract for the antioxidant activity of M. oliefera, which could be used for the treatment of several ailments.

scholarly journals IN-VITRO CYTOTOXICITY ACTIVITY OF MALAXIS RHEEDEI SW METHANOL EXTRACT AGAINST HELA CELL LINE AND MCF- 7 CELL LINE.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renjini Haridas
Keyword(s):  
Hela Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Hela Cell Line ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activity ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Ic50 Value

Cancer is a group of diseases caused by loss of cell cycle control. Cancer is associated with abnormal uncontrolled cell growth. The study was aimed to evaluation of the anticancer activity of the Malaxis rheedei Sw. on the HeLa cell line and MCF- 7cell line. The whole plant part of the Malaxis rheedei methanolic extract were tested for its inhibitory effect on HeLa Cell Line and MCF- 7cell line. The cytotoxicity of Malaxis rheedei on HeLa cell and MCF- 7cell line were evaluated by the MTT assay. Malaxis rheedei methanolic extract has significant cytotoxicity effect on MCF- 7cell line in concentration range between 18.75 to 300 µg/ml by using MTT assay and study also showed that inhibitory action on HeLa cell line inconcentration range between 18.75 to 300 µg/ml by using MTT assay. Methanol extract of  the whole plant part of Malaxis rheedei was found to be 7.3%, 16.6%,  25.4%, 36.3% and 47.1%toxic in HeLa cell line and 7.9%, 13.9%, 26%, 48.4% and 66.3% toxic in MCF- 7cell line. IC50 value of Malaxis rheedei on MCF- 7cell was  167.76  µg/ml and IC50 value of Malaxis rheedei on HeLa Cell was not found by MTT assay. From the performed assay, methanol extract of these drug shows greater activity on MCF- 7cell line and little activity on HeLa cell line and that mean Malaxis rheedei can be used as anticancer activity.Keywords: Cytotoxicity Activity, MTT Assay, Malaxis rheedei Sw. , HeLa CellLine, MCF- 7Cell Line.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Highly Potent Anti-Inflammatory Compounds (ROS Inhibitors) from Isonicotinic Acid

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1272
Author(s):  
Sana Yaqoob ◽  
Nourina Nasim ◽  
Rahila Khanam ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Almas Jabeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isonicotinic Acid ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Better Than

In search of anti-inflammatory compounds, novel scaffolds containing isonicotinoyl motif were synthesized via an efficient strategy. The compounds were screened for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Remarkably high activities were observed for isonicotinates 5–6 and 8a–8b. The compound 5 exhibits an exceptional IC50 value (1.42 ± 0.1 µg/mL) with 95.9% inhibition at 25 µg/mL, which is eight folds better than the standard drug ibuprofen (11.2 ± 1.9 µg/mL). To gain an insight into the mode of action of anti-inflammatory compounds, molecular docking studies were also performed. Decisively, further development and fine tuning of these isonicotinates based scaffolds for the treatment of various aberrations is still a wide-open field of research.

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