Antibacterial Properties of PEO/PVA Nanofibers containing Juniper Leaf Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Habibzadeh Bigdarvishi Aylar ◽  
Shirzadeh Parisa ◽  
Shahdadian Sadra ◽  
Ashrafi Fatemehsadat
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Bacteria Culture

As the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics has become a rising issue, the discovery of new antibiotics with minimal side effects is more crucial. In this study, the antibacterial properties of a plant extract were assessed by investigating the antimicrobial effects of methanolic extract of Juniper leaf on standard microbial strains in skin infections. In order to compare different methods, the disk diffusion method sample containing 400 μg.ml-1 of Juniper extract, the well-established method samples containing 400 μg.ml-1 of Juniper extract, 48% samples of blank disk nanofibers method and 48% samples of round coverslip were selected due to their better performance and were assessed and compared to the blank sample. An increase in growth zone diameter is seen in the polymeric nanofibers containing the extracts synthesized on the round coverslip compared to the polymeric solution containing the pre-electrophoretic extract in the bacteria culture medium. In addition, the results of the comparison of the growth zone diameter were similar for polymer nanofibers containing plant extract and gentamicin disc in gram-positive bacteria common in skin infection such as Staphylococcus Aureus and Staphylococcus Epidermidis.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Biomedical Applications of p(HEMA-co-APTMACI) Hydrogels Crosslinked with Modified Silica Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3664-3680
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Modified Silica Nanoparticles

In this study, a new silica-based crosslinker was successfully synthesized with the reaction between silica nanoparticles modified with amino groups and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). Using the synthesized silica-based crosslinker, p(HEMA) and p(HEMA-co-APTMACI) hydrogels were synthesized for use as drug carrier systems with the free radical polymerization method. The synthesized silica-based crosslinker and hydrogels were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) devices. The swelling behavior of hydrogels cross-linked with silica was investigated in different physiological media. The hydrogels were loaded with sodium diclofenac (NaDc) as a model drug. Drug release studies from the obtained drug-loaded hydrogels were performed at 37°C in PBS (pH 7.0) media. Additionally, the antibacterial properties of the hydrogels synthesized in the study were investigated against E. coli (gram-negative), B. subtilis, and S. aureus (gram-positive) bacteria using the disk diffusion method. At the end of the study, p(HEMA-co-APTMACI) hydrogels were determined to display a better drug release profile than p(HEMA) hydrogels.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 924-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Kulshrestha ◽  
J Kranthi ◽  
P Krishna Rao ◽  
Feroz Jenner ◽  
V Abdul Jaleel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

ABSTRACT Aim The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of commercially available herbal toothpastes against the different periodontopathogens. Materials and methods Six herbal toothpastes that were commonly commercially available were included in the study. Colgate herbal, Babool, Meswak, Neem active, Dabur red toothpastes were tested for the study whereas sterile normal saline was used as control. Antimicrobial efficacies of dentifrices were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. The antimicrobial properties of dentifrices were tested by measuring the maximum zone of inhibition at 24 hours on the Mueller Hinton Agar media inoculated with microbial strain using disk diffusion method. Each dentifrice was tested at 100% concentration (full strength). Results The study showed that all dentifrices selected for the study were effective against the entire test organism but to varying degree. Neem active tooth paste gave a reading of 25.4 mm as the zone of inhibition which was highest amongst all of the test dentifrices. Colgate Herbal and Meswak dentifrices recorded a larger maximum zone of inhibition, measuring 23 and 22.6 mm respectively, compared to other toothpastes. All other dentifrices showed the zone of inhibition to be between 17 and 19 mm respectively. Conclusion The antibacterial properties of six dentifrices were studied in vitro and concluded that almost all of the dentifrices available commercially had antibacterial properties to some extent to benefit dental health or antiplaque action. How to cite this article Jenner F, Jaleel VA, Kulshrestha R, Maheswar G, Rao PK, Kranthi J. Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):924-929.

scholarly journals NOVEL COMPOSITE OF SILVER-BACTERIAL CELLULOSE (Ag-BC) FROM SIWALAN SAP (Borassus flabellifer) AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Suntini Suntini ◽  
Anastasia Wheni Indrianingsih ◽  
Harjono Harjono
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Assay ◽  
Natural Composite

Recently, a wound healing from natural composite with excellent properties is in a high demand. In this study, a novel composite of bacterial cellulose made from Siwalan sap (Borassus flabellifer) was achieved. Siwalan is a common plant in Java Island of Indonesia and the application is very limited for beverage only. This study aims to determine the effect of the AgNO3/NaBH4 concentration ratio in the development of Ag-BC composites and its antibacterial properties from Siwalan sap. Ag-BC composites were prepared by impregnating the silver solution into the BC matrix through the reduction process with NaBH4. Characterization of Ag-BC composites conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). Antibacterial assay was performed using disc diffusion method against Salmonella typhimurium (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) bacteria. The characterization of Ag-BC composite shows the nanostructure of BC with a length of fiber around 35-60 nm in width. The SEM-EDX micrograph showed that silver particles were impregnated into the BC matrix. Antibacterial activity test results showed that the Ag-BC composite had the ability to inhibit the bacteria S. typhimurium and S. aureus with good inhibition. This result showed the potential application of Ag-BC composite from Siwalan plant as a natural material for medical and pharmaceutical purpose, especially as an antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN FRAKSI KULIT BATANG BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniae DAN Staphylococcus epidermidis BESERTA BIOAUTOGRAFINYA

Biomedika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhtadi , MSi. ◽  
Ria Ambarwati ◽  
Ratna Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Fraction

Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) is a tropical plant that has antibacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to test the antibacterial activity of bark Belimbing wuluh against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus epidermidis and their bioautography. Extraction methods used to research is method maceration with a solvent ethanol 96 %. Fractinations done by method partition liquid-liquid with a separating funnel. Test performed in this research covering identi� cation bacteria, the sensitivity bacteria, antibacterial activity, thin layer chromatography, bioautography. The result of antibacterial activity ethanol extract of disk diffusion method with concentrations 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8±0,5; 10,34±0,58; 12,17±0,76 on Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10,17±0,29; 11±0; 11.5±0 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, n-hexane fraction with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8,34±0,29; 9,34±0,29; 10,84±0,76 on Klebsialla pneumoniae, 8,5±0,5; 9,34±0,29; 10,67±0,29 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, ethyl acetate fraction with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 9,17±0,29; 10,34±0,29; 11,17±0,29 on Klebsiella pneumoniae and 9,5±0,5; 10,67±0,29; 12,67±1,26 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, ethanol-water fractions with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/ disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8,17±0,29; 9,17±0,29; 10±0 on Klebsiella pneumoniae, 9±0; 9,67±0,29; 10,34±0,29 on Staphylococcus epidermidis. The TLC show chemical compounds contained in the ethanol extract, n-heksan fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanol-water fraction is a compound of the saponins, alkaloids, � avonoids and phenolic. Bioautography showed that ethanol extracts, n-heksan faction, ethyl acetate fraction, and etanol-airfaction Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) bark have not antibacterial activity because there is no clear area around on plate TLC.Keywords: Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.), ethanol extract, fractination, antibacterial, bioautogra� .

scholarly journals Synergistic effects of Persicaria odorata (Daun Kesom) leaf extracts with standard antibiotics on pathogenic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Ridzuan ◽  
Hairul Aini Hamzah ◽  
Anis Shah ◽  
Norazian Mohd Hassan ◽  
Baharudin Roesnita
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Antibacterial activity of different types of P. odorata leaf extracts was evaluated in combination with standard antibiotics. Persicaria. odorata leaves were extracted with n-hexane (n-hex), dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH).  Each extract was applied on vancomycin (30µg), erythromycin (15µg) and gentamicin (10µg) discs, respectively. Disk diffusion method was used to evaluate the synergistic activity of each combination on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis was performed on the active extract. Synergistic effects seen were mainly from the n-hex+antibiotics combinations, mainly on the Gram-positive bacteria (7 additive, 5 antagonistic), with MIC range from 50 µg/ml to 100 µg/ml, as well as Gram-negative bacteria (2 additive, 2 indifferent, 5 antagonistic). In particular, synergism showed by the combination of n-hex+van were all additive against the susceptible bacteria. DCM extract combination showed synergistic effects on three Gram-positive species (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. pyogenes). Meanwhile, MeOH+antibiotics combination showed significant additive synergistic effects (p<0.05) on S. aureus and S. epidermidis.  The major compounds of leaves extract were decanal and β-citral. n-Hex extract superiorly inhibited Gram-positive bacteria growth as compared to DCM and MeOH extracts. The additive synergistic property of the n-hex P. odorata extract could be further studied for possible use as an antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol dan Fraksi Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) terhadap Salmonella typhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Achmad Syarifudin Noor ◽  
Bawon Triatmoko ◽  
Nuri Nuri
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Zone Diameter

The leaves of kenikir are known to have many benefits, one of which can be used as medicine. Kenikir leaves are reported to have antibacterial activity against the bacteria Salmonella typhi (S.typhi). S. typhi is a bacterium that causes typhoid fever. Typhoid fever is still an endemic disease in Asian countries, especially Indonesia. Typhoid fever became the third largest disease in Indonesia in 2010. The study related to the antibacterial activity of kenikir leaf fraction to S. typhi has never been reported. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research related to the antibacterial activity of extracts and leaf fractions of kenikir to compare their potential against S. typhi. The study was conducted using the disk diffusion method using 5 series of concentrations namely 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30%. Tests were carried out on methanol extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol-water fraction. The results showed that highest inhibition zone diameter is 7,75 mm which is reached by methanol extract. The order of the highest inhibiting zone diameter are extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol-water fraction.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Espeletia nana

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Peña ◽  
Luis Rojas ◽  
Rosa Aparicio ◽  
Libia Alarcón ◽  
José Gregorio Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The essential oil of the leaves of Espeletia nana Cuatrec, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by GC-MS, which allowed the identification of 24 components, which made up 99.9% of the oil. The most abundant compounds were α-pinene (38.1%), β-pinene (17.2%), myrcene (15.0%), spathulenol (4.2%), bicyclogermacrene (4.0%), α-zingiberene (4.0%), and γhimachalene (3.7%). Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar disk diffusion method. Activity was observed only against Gram-positive bacteria. MIC values were determined for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923(200 μg/mL) and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 (600 μg/mL).

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of two Mentha Species Essential Oil and its Dependence on Different Origin and Chemical Diversity

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Pl'uchtová ◽  
Teresa Gervasi ◽  
Qada Benameur ◽  
Vito Pellizzeri ◽  
Daniela Grul'ová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Growth Inhibition Zone

Genus Mentha presents group of plants which are the most studied in family Lamiaceae. Aboveground parts are used for different purposes in pharmacy, food industry or confectionery. Most important is natural product extracted from leaves - essential oil (EO). The aim of presented experiment was to demonstrate different chemotype and compare antibacterial activity of two Mentha species EO. Plant samples were obtained from various environments – from Slovakia and from Italy. Dominant compounds were determined by GC/MS. The results showed high amount of menthol and menthone in tested Slovak peppermint EO. On the other hand, carvone and 1,8-cineole were determinate as dominant compounds in Italian spearmint EO. The antimicrobial activity of the EO was investigated by disc diffusion and broth micro dilution methods. EO was evaluated for their antibacterial activity against 7 microorganisms: Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes. The determination results of antibacterial activity by agar disk diffusion method ranged from 7 to 14 mm of the growth inhibition zone. MIC of tested mint EO varied from 0.625 to 2.5 μg/mL. In addition, both EO showed relatively the same antibacterial activity against the selected Gram-negative bacteria. However, there is a variation in the antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

scholarly journals In Vitro Efficacy of Essential Oils from Melaleuca Alternifolia and Rosmarinus Officinalis, Manuka Honey-based Gel, and Propolis as Antibacterial Agents Against Canine Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius Strains

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Gabriele Meroni ◽  
Elena Cardin ◽  
Charlotte Rendina ◽  
Valentina Rafaela Herrera Millar ◽  
Joel Fernando Soares Filipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽  
Tea Tree

Essential oils (EOs) and honeybee products (e.g., honey and propolis) are natural mixtures of different volatile compounds that are frequently used in traditional medicine and for pathogen eradication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) EO (TTEO), Rosmarinus officinalis EO (ROEO), manuka-based gel, and propolis against 23 strains of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) isolated from canine pyoderma. Antimicrobial resistance screening was assessed using a panel of nine antimicrobial agents coupled with a PCR approach. An aromatogram was done for both EOs, using the disk diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for all the compounds. Among the 23 SP strains, 14 (60.9%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR), 11 strains (47.8%) were methicillin-resistant (MRSP), and 9 (39.1%) were non-MDR. The mean diameter of the inhibition zone for Melaleuca and Rosmarinus were 24.5 ± 8.8 mm and 15.2 ± 8.9 mm, respectively, resulting as statistically different (p = 0.0006). MIC values of TTEO and ROEO were similar (7.6 ± 3.2% and 8.9 ± 2.1%, respectively) and no statistical significances were found. Honeybee products showed lower MIC compared to those of EOs, 0.22 ± 0.1% for Manuka and 0.8 ± 0.5% for propolis. These findings reveal a significant antibacterial effect for all the tested products.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Profile and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Echinodorus grandiflorus Crude Extract of the Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Carla Indianara Bonetti ◽  
Mariana Dalmagro ◽  
Juliana Cristhina Friedrich ◽  
Douglas Rossi Jesus ◽  
Mariana Moraes Pinc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Echinodorus grandiflorus has pharmacological properties due to its secondary metabolism, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, diuretic, analgesic, anti-rheumatic, antihypertensive, and cardioprotective effects. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical profile and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of crude extract of E. grandiflorus form its leaves. In the analysis of the phytochemical profile, qualitative tests were performed to identify tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, steroids, triterpenes, saponins, polysaccharides, and coumarins. Antimicrobial tests were performed using the disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in 96-well microplates, using hydroalcoholic crude extract obtained by maceration in the proportions 1:5 and 1:10. The higher content of crude extract was observed by maceration 1:5 (3.26%). In phytochemical tests, the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins was detected. The microbial strains evaluated were Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Lactobacillus casei, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity of crude extract has not apparent against the tested organisms. It is concluded that the crude extract present several phytochemical, however did not show antimicrobial activity, and furthermore studies should be carried out researching isolated chemical compounds and the antimicrobial activity leaves crude extract of Echinodorus grandiflorus plant.

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